超声化学辅助法制备纳米ZnS及其对水中铜离子的吸附性能
|
摘要
铜污染引发的环境问题严重影响着人类的生命健康。本文以Zn(NO_3)_2·6H_2O和Na_2S·9H_2O为原料,水为溶剂,通过超声化学辅助法制备出纳米ZnS,并将其应用于水中铜离子的吸附脱除。利用FTIR、XRD、SEM和N2物理吸附等手段进行表征,研究了初始浓度、接触时间、处理温度、pH和竞争阳离子等对铜离子吸附容量的影响。结果表明,制得的纳米ZnS为单一立方相闪锌矿,颗粒呈不规则块状,孔道结构主要为纳米ZnS晶粒团聚形成的聚集孔,孔径分布较宽。该纳米ZnS表现出对水中铜离子良好的吸附性能,在吸附剂量200mg/L、铜离子初始浓度400mg/L、接触时间12h、处理温度25℃的条件下,饱和吸附容量高达629.8mg/L,水中Na~+和K~+对吸附性能无明显影响,且其对水中铜离子的脱除机理为离子交换与吸附的协同作用。
Environmental issues caused by copper pollution have seriously threatened human health. In this paper,zinc sulfide(ZnS) nanomaterials were successfully synthesized with the assistance of sonochemistry in an aqueous system of Zn(NO_3)_2·6H_2O and Na_2S·9H_2O for the removal of Cu~(2+) from aqueous solution. The prepared ZnS were characterized by means of FTIR,XRD,SEM and N_2 physical adsorption. The influence of initial concentration,contact time,treat temperature,pH and competitive cations on adsorption capacities was investigated. The results showed that the prepared ZnS presented a crystalline structure of cubic zinc-blende phase and are in irregular block forms. The pore structure was mainly caused by agglomeration and had a wide pore diameter distribution. It showed excellent adsorption performance and the adsorption capacity can reach as high as 629.8mg/L under the experimental conditions as ZnS dosage of 200mg/L,initial concentration of 400mg/L,contact time of 12 h and treat temperature of 25℃. The addition of Na~+ and K~+ had no significant effect on the adsorption properties and the Cu~(2+) removal by the ZnS nanomaterials was based on the synergistic effect of ion exchange and adsorption.
Environmental issues caused by copper pollution have seriously threatened human health. In this paper,zinc sulfide(ZnS) nanomaterials were successfully synthesized with the assistance of sonochemistry in an aqueous system of Zn(NO_3)_2·6H_2O and Na_2S·9H_2O for the removal of Cu~(2+) from aqueous solution. The prepared ZnS were characterized by means of FTIR,XRD,SEM and N_2 physical adsorption. The influence of initial concentration,contact time,treat temperature,pH and competitive cations on adsorption capacities was investigated. The results showed that the prepared ZnS presented a crystalline structure of cubic zinc-blende phase and are in irregular block forms. The pore structure was mainly caused by agglomeration and had a wide pore diameter distribution. It showed excellent adsorption performance and the adsorption capacity can reach as high as 629.8mg/L under the experimental conditions as ZnS dosage of 200mg/L,initial concentration of 400mg/L,contact time of 12 h and treat temperature of 25℃. The addition of Na~+ and K~+ had no significant effect on the adsorption properties and the Cu~(2+) removal by the ZnS nanomaterials was based on the synergistic effect of ion exchange and adsorption.
引文
[1]孟祥和,胡国飞.重金属废水处理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000:12-16.MENG X H,HU G F.Treatment of heavy metal wastewater[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2000:12-16.
[2]KHAN A,KHAN S,KHAN M A,et al.The uptake and bioaccumulation of heavy metals by food plants,their effects on plants nutrients,and associated health risk:a review[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22:13772-13799.
[3]罗曼,蔡旺锋,陈益清,等.磁加载絮凝处理含铜废水[J].化工进展,2015,34(11):4065-4070.LUO M,CAI W F,CHEN Y Q,et al.Study on treatment of copper waste water by magnetic seeding flocculation[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2015,34(11):4065-4070.
[4]TANG X M,ZHENG H L,TENG H K,et al.Chemical coagulation process for the removal of heavy metals from water:a review[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2016,57:1733-1748.
[5]WANG X M,LI Y X,LI H G,et al.Chitosan membrane adsorber for low concentration copper ion removal[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2016,146:274-281.
[6]MA Y,ZHOU Q,ZHOU S C,et al.A bifunctional adsorbent with high surface area and cation exchange property for synergistic removal of tetracycline and Cu2+[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2014,258:26-33.
[7]GHAEMI N,MADAENI S S,DARAEI P,et al.Polyethersulfone membrane enhanced with iron oxide nanoparticles for copper removal from water:application of new functionalized Fe3O4nanoparticles[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,263:101-112.
[8]LIAO Q L,ZENG L M,LI L L,et al.Synthesis of functionalized mesoporous silica and its application for Cu(Ⅱ)removal[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2015,56:2154-2159.
[9]FU F L,WANG Q.Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters:a review[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92:407-418.
[10]Samiey B,CHENG C H,WU J N.Organic-inorganic hybrid polymers as adsorbents for removal of heavy metal ions from solutions:a review[J].Materials,2014,7:673-726.
[11]沈宗华,王安杰,解建国,等.二维硫化锌材料的制备及其研究进展[J].化工进展,2006,25(4):392-396.SHEN Z H,WANG A J,XIE J G,et al.Recent research on preparation of two-dimensional zinc sulfides[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2006,25(4):392-396.
[12]PALA I R,BROCK S L.Zn S nanoparticle gels for remediation of Pb2+and Hg2+polluted water[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2012,4:2160-2167.
[13]PIQUETTE A,CANNON C,APBLETT A W.Remediation of arsenic and lead with nanocrystalline zinc sulfide[J].Nanotechnology,2012,23:294014.
[14]XU J F,QU Z,YAN N Q,et al.Size-dependent nanocrystal sorbent for copper removal from water[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,284:565-570.
[15]ZHU Y P,LI J,LIU Y P,et al.Sonochemistry-assisted synthesis and optical properties of mesoporous Zn S nanomaterials[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2:1093-1101.
[2]KHAN A,KHAN S,KHAN M A,et al.The uptake and bioaccumulation of heavy metals by food plants,their effects on plants nutrients,and associated health risk:a review[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22:13772-13799.
[3]罗曼,蔡旺锋,陈益清,等.磁加载絮凝处理含铜废水[J].化工进展,2015,34(11):4065-4070.LUO M,CAI W F,CHEN Y Q,et al.Study on treatment of copper waste water by magnetic seeding flocculation[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2015,34(11):4065-4070.
[4]TANG X M,ZHENG H L,TENG H K,et al.Chemical coagulation process for the removal of heavy metals from water:a review[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2016,57:1733-1748.
[5]WANG X M,LI Y X,LI H G,et al.Chitosan membrane adsorber for low concentration copper ion removal[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2016,146:274-281.
[6]MA Y,ZHOU Q,ZHOU S C,et al.A bifunctional adsorbent with high surface area and cation exchange property for synergistic removal of tetracycline and Cu2+[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2014,258:26-33.
[7]GHAEMI N,MADAENI S S,DARAEI P,et al.Polyethersulfone membrane enhanced with iron oxide nanoparticles for copper removal from water:application of new functionalized Fe3O4nanoparticles[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,263:101-112.
[8]LIAO Q L,ZENG L M,LI L L,et al.Synthesis of functionalized mesoporous silica and its application for Cu(Ⅱ)removal[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2015,56:2154-2159.
[9]FU F L,WANG Q.Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters:a review[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92:407-418.
[10]Samiey B,CHENG C H,WU J N.Organic-inorganic hybrid polymers as adsorbents for removal of heavy metal ions from solutions:a review[J].Materials,2014,7:673-726.
[11]沈宗华,王安杰,解建国,等.二维硫化锌材料的制备及其研究进展[J].化工进展,2006,25(4):392-396.SHEN Z H,WANG A J,XIE J G,et al.Recent research on preparation of two-dimensional zinc sulfides[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2006,25(4):392-396.
[12]PALA I R,BROCK S L.Zn S nanoparticle gels for remediation of Pb2+and Hg2+polluted water[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2012,4:2160-2167.
[13]PIQUETTE A,CANNON C,APBLETT A W.Remediation of arsenic and lead with nanocrystalline zinc sulfide[J].Nanotechnology,2012,23:294014.
[14]XU J F,QU Z,YAN N Q,et al.Size-dependent nanocrystal sorbent for copper removal from water[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,284:565-570.
[15]ZHU Y P,LI J,LIU Y P,et al.Sonochemistry-assisted synthesis and optical properties of mesoporous Zn S nanomaterials[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2:1093-1101.