蟹塘生态调控技术对“淤泥-水界面”N,P交换通量的影响
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摘要
调节pH值、加钙和增氧是常用的蟹塘生态调控技术,为明确其对水质和N,P养分交换的影响,通过实验室模拟并测定了水体N,P含量及"淤泥-水界面"交换通量。结果表明:3种措施对水体N,P均有显著影响,且增氧对水体N,P的调节效应显著强于加钙和调节pH。增氧96 h后水体TN和NO_3~--N含量分别是不增氧处理的1.68和7.43倍,同时增氧削减了水体NH4+-N含量至试验结束,增氧处理NH_4~+-N含量平均降低70%～75%。"淤泥-水界面"N,P交换通量表明,增氧后TN交换通量平均提高2.47～3.74 mg·m~2/h,而对TP交换通量均无显著影响,平均仅为-0.1 mg·m~2/h。
pH, calcium and oxygen regulation was the common technique in Chinese mitten crab culture, but relatively little unknown was about the effect on water quality and nutrient exchange. The Chinese mitten crab culture system was simulated in laboratory, the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in water was determined, and the exchange flux between mud-water interface was also calculated in the experiment. The results showed that oxygen regulation was more intensive than others, and after oxygen regulation for 96 hours, the TN and NO_3~--N contents were increased 1.68 and 7.43 times compared to initial concentration, respectively, and the NH_4~+-N con tent was decreased by 70%-75%. The TN exchange flux was shifted by oxygen regulation, averagely increased by2.47-3.74 mg·m~2/h, but the TP exchange flux was nearly not changed, averagely decreased by 0.1 mg·m~2/h.
pH, calcium and oxygen regulation was the common technique in Chinese mitten crab culture, but relatively little unknown was about the effect on water quality and nutrient exchange. The Chinese mitten crab culture system was simulated in laboratory, the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in water was determined, and the exchange flux between mud-water interface was also calculated in the experiment. The results showed that oxygen regulation was more intensive than others, and after oxygen regulation for 96 hours, the TN and NO_3~--N contents were increased 1.68 and 7.43 times compared to initial concentration, respectively, and the NH_4~+-N con tent was decreased by 70%-75%. The TN exchange flux was shifted by oxygen regulation, averagely increased by2.47-3.74 mg·m~2/h, but the TP exchange flux was nearly not changed, averagely decreased by 0.1 mg·m~2/h.
引文
[1]佚名.阳澄湖蟹甲天下渔火蟹舫兴巴城,上海农村经济.2010(07):44.
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[8]Nicolas Devau,Philippe Hinsinger,Edith Le Cadre,and et al.,Fertilization and pH effects on processes and mechanisms controlling dissolved inorganic phosphorus in soils[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2011,75(10):2980-2996.
[9]罗潋葱,秦伯强,朱广伟,等.动力扰动下太湖梅梁湾水-沉积物界面的营养盐释放通量[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2005(S2):166-172.
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[11]陈国元,李国新,福建泉州西湖水体中硝化作用的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(10):12-15.
[2]罗国芝,陆雍森.湖泊围栏养殖容量估算[J].环境污染与防治,2007(12):949-952.
[3]Katarzyna Lukawska-Matuszewska,Joanna Kielczewska,and Jerzy Bolalek,Factors controlling spatial distributions and relationships of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and sulphur in sediments of the stratified and eutrophic Gulf of Gdansk[J].Continental Shelf Research,2014(85):168-180.
[4]Li Zhang,Shengrui Wang,and Zhihao Wu,Coupling effect of pH and dissolved oxygen in water column on nitrogen release at water-sediment interface of Erhai Lake,China[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2014(149):178-186.
[5]钟明杰,乐观宗,徐永健,青蟹养殖池沉积物无机氮释放通量及其影响因素[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2009,22(3):322-325.
[6]苏春福,河蟹养殖技术[J].福建农业,2004(07):26-27.
[7]Shuo Li,Zirui Jia,Xuejing Li,Xuyun Geng,and et al.,Calmodulin is a stress and immune response gene in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis[J].Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2014,40(1):120-128.
[8]Nicolas Devau,Philippe Hinsinger,Edith Le Cadre,and et al.,Fertilization and pH effects on processes and mechanisms controlling dissolved inorganic phosphorus in soils[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2011,75(10):2980-2996.
[9]罗潋葱,秦伯强,朱广伟,等.动力扰动下太湖梅梁湾水-沉积物界面的营养盐释放通量[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2005(S2):166-172.
[10]聂小保,吴淑娟,吴方同,等.颤蚓生物扰动对沉积物氮释放的影响[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(01):107-113.
[11]陈国元,李国新,福建泉州西湖水体中硝化作用的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(10):12-15.