应用森林土壤化学性质和枯落物持水性对不同改造模式效果的评价——以大兴安岭阔叶混交低质林为例
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摘要
对大兴安岭阔叶混交低质林进行了块状改造(6个样地)和带状改造(4个样地);运用主成分分析法分析不同改造模式对森林土壤化学性质(有机质、pH值、全氮、全钾、全磷、水解氮、速效钾、速效磷)和枯落物(蓄积量、最大持水量)的影响。结果表明:块状改造的效果,由优到劣依次为G_3(15 m×15 m)、G_1(5 m×5 m)、CK(对照)、G_4(20 m×20 m)、G_6(30 m×30 m)、G_2(10 m×10 m)、G_5(25 m×25 m);带状改造效果,由优到劣依次为S_3(14 m)、S_2(10 m)、S_1(6 m)、S_4(18 m)、CK(对照)。当块状改造面积为225 m~2、带状改造带宽为14 m时,改造效果最佳,并且随着改造强度的逐步加大,改造效果呈现先上升后下降的趋势。
Block transformation( six plots) and strip transformation( four plots) of low-quality mixed broad-leaved forest in Daxing'an Mountain were carried out. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the chemical properties of forest soil( organic matter,pH,total N,total K,total P,hydrolyzable N,available K,and available P) and litter( cumulative volume,maximum water holding capacity). The effect of block transformation from good to bad is G_3( 15 m×15 m),G_1( 5 m×5 m),CK,G_4( 20 m×20 m),G_6( 30 m×30 m),G_2( 10 m×10 m),and G_5( 25 m×25 m); the effect of strip transformation from good to bad is S_3( 14 m),S_2( 10 m),S_1( 6 m),S_4( 18 m),and CK. When the block transformation area is 225 m~2,and the belt transformation bandwidth is 14 m,the transformation effect is the best,and with the gradual increase of the transformation strength,the transformation effect will rise firstly,and then decline.
Block transformation( six plots) and strip transformation( four plots) of low-quality mixed broad-leaved forest in Daxing'an Mountain were carried out. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the chemical properties of forest soil( organic matter,pH,total N,total K,total P,hydrolyzable N,available K,and available P) and litter( cumulative volume,maximum water holding capacity). The effect of block transformation from good to bad is G_3( 15 m×15 m),G_1( 5 m×5 m),CK,G_4( 20 m×20 m),G_6( 30 m×30 m),G_2( 10 m×10 m),and G_5( 25 m×25 m); the effect of strip transformation from good to bad is S_3( 14 m),S_2( 10 m),S_1( 6 m),S_4( 18 m),and CK. When the block transformation area is 225 m~2,and the belt transformation bandwidth is 14 m,the transformation effect is the best,and with the gradual increase of the transformation strength,the transformation effect will rise firstly,and then decline.
引文
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[21]刘颂颂,陈葵仙,沈德才,等.间伐对华南地区相思人工林土壤理化性质、微生物及酶活性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):23-29,42.
[22]彭信浩,韩海荣,徐小芳,等.间伐和改变凋落物输入对华北落叶松人工林土壤呼吸的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(15):5351-5361.
[23]张海涛,宫渊波,付万权,等.川南马尾松低效人工林不同改造模式后枯落物持水特性分析[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(4):136-141.
[2]王智勇,董希斌,张甜,等.大兴安岭落叶松天然次生林林分结构特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(4):6-11,28.
[3]曲杭峰,董希斌,马晓波,等.大兴安岭不同类型低质林改造效果的综合评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(12):1-5.
[4]隋心,张荣涛,钟海秀,等.森林生态系统中主要功能微生物的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(28):1-5.
[5]唐国华,董希斌,张甜,等.大兴安岭低质林补植改造对土壤肥力的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(4):70-74.
[6]雷静品,肖文发.森林健康的概念及其研究与实践[J].世界林业研究,2008,21(4):20-24.
[7]王树力,沈海燕,孙悦,等.长白落叶松纯林改造对林地土壤性质的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,7(6):98-103.
[8]韩贵杰,唐亚森,曲杭峰,等.大兴安岭低质落叶松林补植改造后土壤肥力的综合评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(6):56-62.
[9]李超,董希斌,宋启亮.大兴安岭白桦低质林皆伐改造后枯落物水文效应[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(10):23-27.
[10]郭辉,董希斌,姜帆.采伐强度对小兴安岭低质林分土壤碳通量的影响[J].林业科学,2010,46(2):110-115.
[11]宋启亮,董希斌.大兴安岭低质阔叶混交林不同改造模式综合评价[J].林业科学,2014,50(9):18-25.
[12] WARNING R H,SCHLESINGER W H. Forest ecosystems:concepts and management[M]. New York:Academic Press,1985:181-210.
[13] BRUNNER I,RIGLING D,EGLI S,et al. Response of norway spruce seedlings in relation to chemical properties of forest soils[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,1999,116(1/2/3):71-81.
[14] BAI S H,DEMPSEY R,REVERCHON F,et al. Effects of forest thinning on soil-plant carbon and nitrogen dynamics[J]. Plant and Soil,2017,411(1/2):437-449.
[15] ILEK A,KUCZA J,SZOSTEK M. The effect of the bulk density and the decomposition index of oranic matter on the water storage capacity of the surface layers of forest soils[J]. Geoderma,2017,285:27-34.doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.09.025.
[16]毛波,董希斌.大兴安岭低质山杨林改造效果的综合评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(8):7-12.
[17]贲越,周一杨,李彧,等.枯落物分解与土壤蓄水能力关系的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(5):1416,1418.
[18]张甜,董希斌.大兴安岭不同类型低质林土壤和枯落物的水文性能[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(10):1-5.
[19]李强,周道玮,陈笑莹.地上枯落物的累积、分解及其在陆地生态系统中的作用[J].生态学报,2014,34(14):3807-3819.
[20]顾洁.紫金山次生栎林、马尾松林枯落物与表层土壤的交互作用研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2016.
[21]刘颂颂,陈葵仙,沈德才,等.间伐对华南地区相思人工林土壤理化性质、微生物及酶活性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):23-29,42.
[22]彭信浩,韩海荣,徐小芳,等.间伐和改变凋落物输入对华北落叶松人工林土壤呼吸的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(15):5351-5361.
[23]张海涛,宫渊波,付万权,等.川南马尾松低效人工林不同改造模式后枯落物持水特性分析[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(4):136-141.