非常规植物源饲料添加对育肥猪影响的研究
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摘要
畜牧业发展目前面临着饲料粮、饲草资源日益紧缺等问题,饲料谷物的供需平衡关乎畜产品的有效供给。养猪业对饲料需求必将越来越大,因此要积极开拓新的饲料来源。在人畜争粮的矛盾日益突出的情况下,开发和利用饲用植物已经逐渐成为解决饲料粮短缺问题的有效补充办法。中国植物资源非常丰富,开发植物饲料或添加剂具有一定的市场潜力。文章对日粮中添加单一植物或其制品对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、猪肉品质、饲养成本和经济效益的影响予以综述,以期为饲料生产和生猪养殖提供参考。
At present,the development of animal husbandry in China is faced with shortage of feed grain and forage resources.The balance between supply and demand of forage cereals in the future relates to the effective supply of animal products in China.The feed grain demand for swine industry will be higher,so it is necessary to develop new feed sources.Under the increasingly prominent contradiction between human beings and livestock for food,the development and utilization of forage plants have gradually become an effective supplementary method to solve the problem of feed grain and forage food shortage.Plant resources are very rich in China and the development of Chinese plant feed or additives have great market potential.This paper reviews the effects of single plant addition on growing performance,carcass trait,pork quality,feeding cost and economic benefits of fattening pigs.The inspiration it brings to us is also discussed in order to provide more relevant references for feed producers and swine farmers.
At present,the development of animal husbandry in China is faced with shortage of feed grain and forage resources.The balance between supply and demand of forage cereals in the future relates to the effective supply of animal products in China.The feed grain demand for swine industry will be higher,so it is necessary to develop new feed sources.Under the increasingly prominent contradiction between human beings and livestock for food,the development and utilization of forage plants have gradually become an effective supplementary method to solve the problem of feed grain and forage food shortage.Plant resources are very rich in China and the development of Chinese plant feed or additives have great market potential.This paper reviews the effects of single plant addition on growing performance,carcass trait,pork quality,feeding cost and economic benefits of fattening pigs.The inspiration it brings to us is also discussed in order to provide more relevant references for feed producers and swine farmers.
引文
[1]冉娟,王济民.基于饲料需求的我国饲料谷物需求预测分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(5):190-198.
[2]焦宏.饲用植物助力破解“人畜争粮”[N].农民日报,2017-07-31(1).
[3]李玉娟.中草药饲料添加剂的特性及在养殖业中的应用[J].家畜生态学报,2015,36(1):76-79.
[4]赵静.添加苜蓿草粉对育肥猪生产性能和肉品质的影响[J].草业科学,2015,32(5):809-815.
[5]胡静,朱亚骏,朱风华,等.浒苔对生长育肥猪消化能及养分消化率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(3):29-32.
[6]位孟聪.盐地碱蓬对生猪育肥和血液生化指标影响的试验研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(22):68-70.
[7]夏阳春,李延森,沈祥星,等.甘蔗提取物对夏季高温环境下育肥猪生长性能的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2017,49(5):30-34.
[8]方福平,夏先林,顾明,等.复方金荞麦添加剂对瘦肉型猪的增重与饲料转化效果[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(4):162-165.
[9]李贝贝,徐泽权,李涛,等.饲粮中添加番茄渣对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质和抗氧化能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(12):4 554-4 561.
[10]杨青春,陈绍红,刘铀.构树叶对育肥猪生产性能、肉品质及营养物质表观消化率的影响[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(7):133-137.
[11]张文克,于德海,刘宝毅,等.发酵花生壳对育肥猪生产性能、胴体性状、肉品质及经济效益的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(5):1 145-1 451.
[12]张晓锋,黄新,郑会超,等.发酵大叶枸粉替代部分玉米、麸皮及豆粕对肥育猪生长性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(23):40-43.
[13]郭礼荣,陆文清,孔智伟,等.发酵甜叶菊废渣对土杂肉猪生产性能的影响[J].当代畜牧,2016(5):16-17.
[14]孔智伟,张强,陈荣强,等.甜叶菊废渣发酵饲料对土杂肉猪生产性能的影响[J].中国猪业,2017,12(11):46-48.
[15]刘孟洲,胡子朗,权群学,等.饲粮中添加杜仲叶粉对肥育猪生长和胴体肉质影响的研究[J].养猪,2016(4):5-8.
[16]石海仁,滚双宝,张生伟,等.杜仲叶对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(1):350-359.
[17]林文庭.浅论浒苔的开发与利用[J].中国食物与营养,2007,(9):23-25.
[18]邓蓉,梁应林,张定红,等.饲用金荞麦对猪屠宰性能和肉质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2012(3):68-70.
[19]李有贵,张雷,钟石,等.饲粮中添加桑叶对育肥猪生长性能、脂肪代谢和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(9):1 805-1 811.
[20]崔晓娜.杜仲皮对生长肥育猪肉品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(1):135-136.
[21]刘利,李红亚,闫志宇,等.发酵花生秧粉对育肥猪生产性能的影响及其促生长机理[J].河北大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(4):390-398.
[22]王明进,许万里,李雷,等.日粮中添加紫花苜蓿对猪育肥效果影响的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(10):62-64.
[23]闫书海.畜禽养殖废水/粪便中典型抗药基因的调查研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.
[2]焦宏.饲用植物助力破解“人畜争粮”[N].农民日报,2017-07-31(1).
[3]李玉娟.中草药饲料添加剂的特性及在养殖业中的应用[J].家畜生态学报,2015,36(1):76-79.
[4]赵静.添加苜蓿草粉对育肥猪生产性能和肉品质的影响[J].草业科学,2015,32(5):809-815.
[5]胡静,朱亚骏,朱风华,等.浒苔对生长育肥猪消化能及养分消化率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(3):29-32.
[6]位孟聪.盐地碱蓬对生猪育肥和血液生化指标影响的试验研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(22):68-70.
[7]夏阳春,李延森,沈祥星,等.甘蔗提取物对夏季高温环境下育肥猪生长性能的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2017,49(5):30-34.
[8]方福平,夏先林,顾明,等.复方金荞麦添加剂对瘦肉型猪的增重与饲料转化效果[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(4):162-165.
[9]李贝贝,徐泽权,李涛,等.饲粮中添加番茄渣对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质和抗氧化能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(12):4 554-4 561.
[10]杨青春,陈绍红,刘铀.构树叶对育肥猪生产性能、肉品质及营养物质表观消化率的影响[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(7):133-137.
[11]张文克,于德海,刘宝毅,等.发酵花生壳对育肥猪生产性能、胴体性状、肉品质及经济效益的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(5):1 145-1 451.
[12]张晓锋,黄新,郑会超,等.发酵大叶枸粉替代部分玉米、麸皮及豆粕对肥育猪生长性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(23):40-43.
[13]郭礼荣,陆文清,孔智伟,等.发酵甜叶菊废渣对土杂肉猪生产性能的影响[J].当代畜牧,2016(5):16-17.
[14]孔智伟,张强,陈荣强,等.甜叶菊废渣发酵饲料对土杂肉猪生产性能的影响[J].中国猪业,2017,12(11):46-48.
[15]刘孟洲,胡子朗,权群学,等.饲粮中添加杜仲叶粉对肥育猪生长和胴体肉质影响的研究[J].养猪,2016(4):5-8.
[16]石海仁,滚双宝,张生伟,等.杜仲叶对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(1):350-359.
[17]林文庭.浅论浒苔的开发与利用[J].中国食物与营养,2007,(9):23-25.
[18]邓蓉,梁应林,张定红,等.饲用金荞麦对猪屠宰性能和肉质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2012(3):68-70.
[19]李有贵,张雷,钟石,等.饲粮中添加桑叶对育肥猪生长性能、脂肪代谢和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(9):1 805-1 811.
[20]崔晓娜.杜仲皮对生长肥育猪肉品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(1):135-136.
[21]刘利,李红亚,闫志宇,等.发酵花生秧粉对育肥猪生产性能的影响及其促生长机理[J].河北大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(4):390-398.
[22]王明进,许万里,李雷,等.日粮中添加紫花苜蓿对猪育肥效果影响的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(10):62-64.
[23]闫书海.畜禽养殖废水/粪便中典型抗药基因的调查研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.