威海西港人工鱼礁区生态系统健康评价
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摘要
综合考虑近海生态系统特点与人工鱼礁建设的功能,从海水水质、群落结构和生态系统功能三方面构建了人工鱼礁生态系统健康评价模型。基于对威海西港人工鱼礁区及对照区4个季度(2012年9月—2013年7月)海洋生态环境和渔业资源的综合调查结果,对威海西港人工鱼礁区的生态系统进行了健康评价。研究表明:威海西港人工鱼礁区及对照区的生态系统春季、夏季、秋季为较健康水平,冬季为亚健康水平;鱼礁区生态健康指数大于对照区,且差异极显著(P<0.01);鱼礁区生态系统健康综合指数为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季。综合分析认为,威海西港人工鱼礁区生态系统比对照区生态系统更稳定,但仍需开展长期的调查与监测进行验证。本研究结果对于人工鱼礁区的管理、保护和规划具有参考意义。
An ecosystem health assessment methodology based on analytic hierarchy process and synthetic index method was established for assessing health level of artificial reef areas.Based on the biological resource and environment survey from Sept.2012 to July 2013 in Xigang,it was shown that both artificial reef and control areas were at healthy level in spring,summer and autumn,and at sub-healthy level in winter.The ecosystem health index of artificial reef area was significantly higher than that of control area(P=0.009).The ecosystem health index changed in different seasons,summer,autumn,spring,then winter constitute the order from the highest to the lowest.According to the comprehensive analysis,the ecosystem health in the artificial reef area was much more stable than that of control area.Long term monitoring and surveying were needed in these areas.The research results were significantly referable to the management and protection of artificial reef areas.
An ecosystem health assessment methodology based on analytic hierarchy process and synthetic index method was established for assessing health level of artificial reef areas.Based on the biological resource and environment survey from Sept.2012 to July 2013 in Xigang,it was shown that both artificial reef and control areas were at healthy level in spring,summer and autumn,and at sub-healthy level in winter.The ecosystem health index of artificial reef area was significantly higher than that of control area(P=0.009).The ecosystem health index changed in different seasons,summer,autumn,spring,then winter constitute the order from the highest to the lowest.According to the comprehensive analysis,the ecosystem health in the artificial reef area was much more stable than that of control area.Long term monitoring and surveying were needed in these areas.The research results were significantly referable to the management and protection of artificial reef areas.
引文
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[4]郭秀锐.城市生态系统健康评价[D].北京:北京师范大学,2003.Guo Xiu-Rui.Urban Ecosystem Health Assessment[D].Beijing:Beijing Normal University,2003.
[5]陈勇,于长清,张国胜,等.人工鱼礁的环境功能与集鱼效果[J].大连海洋大学学报,2002,17(1):64-69.Chen Yong,Yu Chang-Qing,Zhang Guo-Sheng,et al.The environmental function and fish gather effect of artificial reefs[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2002,17(1):64-69.
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[8]佟飞,张秀梅,吴忠鑫,等.荣成俚岛人工鱼礁区生态系统健康的评价[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2014,44(4):29-36.Tong Fei,Zhang Xiu-Mei,Wu Zhong-Xin,et al.The ecosystem health assessment of artificial reef areas in Lidao Island,Rongcheng[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2014,44(4):29-36.
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[10]王欣,盛化香,唐衍力,等.崂山湾人工鱼礁区浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的关系[J].渔业科学进展,2014,35(4):7-12.Wang Xin,Sheng Hua-Xiang,Tang Yan-Li,el at.Relationships between the structure of phytoplankton community and environmental factors in three artificial reef areas of Laoshan Bay[J].Progress in Fishery Sciences,2014,35(4):7-12.
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[12]陈应华.大亚湾大辣甲南人工鱼礁区的生态效应分析[D].广州:暨南大学,2009.Chen Ying-Hua.Analysis of Ecological Effects of Southern Dalajia Island Artificial Reef Area in Daya Bay,Guangdong,China[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2009.
[13]杨进,李纯厚,贾晓平,等.大亚湾杨梅坑人工鱼礁区生态系统健康评价[J].生态科学,2011,30(4):399-405.Yang Jin,Li Chun-Hou,Jia Xiao-Ping,et al.Ecosystem health assessment of artificial reef area in the Yangmei Delve of Daya Bay[J].Ecological Science,2011,30(4):399-405
[14]尹增强,章守宇.东海区资源保护型人工鱼礁生态效果评价体系的初步研究[J].海洋渔业,2012,34(1):23-31.Yin Zeng-Qiang,Zhang Shou-Yu.The ecological effect evaluation system of protective artificial reef in East China Sea[J].Marine Fisheries,2012,34(1):23-31.
[15]林军,章守宇.人工鱼礁物理稳定性及其生态效应的研究进展[J].海洋渔业,2006,28(3):257-262.Lin Jun,Zhang Shou-Yu.Research advances on physical stability and ecological effects of artificial reef[J].Marine Fisheries,2006,28(3):257-262.
[16]唐衍力,于晴.基于熵权模糊物元法的人工鱼礁生态效果综合评价[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2016,46(1):18-26.Tang Yan-Li,Yu Qing.An integrative evaluation of ecological effect of artificial reefs with entropy-weighted fuzzy matter-element method[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2016,46(1):18-26.
[17]Sadio O,Simier M,Ecoutin J M,et al.Effect of a marine protected area on tropical estuarine fish assemblages:Comparison between protected and unprotected sites in Senegal[J].Ocean&Coastal Management,2015,116(4):257-269.
[18]李会民,王洪礼,郭嘉良.海洋生态系统健康评价研究[J].生产力研究,2007,10:50-51.Li Hui-Min.Wang Hong-Li,Guo Jia-Liang.Study on marine ecosystem health assessment[J].Productivity Research,2007,10:50-51.
[19]李利.廉州湾海域生态系统健康评价[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2011.Li Li.Ecosystem Health Assessment of Lian Zhou Bay[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2011.
[20]杨进,李纯厚,贾晓平,等.大亚湾杨梅坑人工鱼礁区生态系统健康评价[J].生态科学,2011,30(4):399-405.Yang Jin,Li Chun-Hou,Jia Xiao-Ping,et al.Ecosystem health assessment of artificial reef area in the Yangmei Delve of Daya Bay[J].Ecological science,2011,30(4):399-405.
[21]贾晓平,杜飞雁,林钦,等.海洋渔场生态环境质量状况综合评价方法探讨[J].中国水产科学,2003,10(2):160-164.Jia Xiao-Ping,Du Fei-Yan,Lin-Qin,et al.A study on comprehensive assessment method of ecological environment quality of marine fishing ground[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2003,10(2):160-164.
[22]陈真然,陈清潮,黄良民.海洋生态学和生物学研究南沙群岛及其邻近海区海洋生物多样性与生物资源[R].北京:海洋出版社,1994.Chen Zhen-Ran,Chen Qing-Chao,Huang Liang-Min.Marine Ecology and Biological Studies Marine Biodiversity and Biological Resources in Spratly Islands and Its Adjacent Coastal Areas[R].Beijing:China Ocean Press,1994.
[23]温婷婷,张传松,王丽莎,等.春、秋季北黄海生源要素的平面分布特征[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2009,39(4):789-798.Wen Ting-Ting,Zhang Chuan-Song,Wang Li-Sha,et al.The horizontal distribution of biogenic elements in spring and autumn of North Yellow Sea[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2009,39(4):789-798.
[24]李震,刘景泰.大连湾海域水体富营养状况分析[J].中国环境监测,2000,16(1):38-41.Li Zhen,Liu Jing-Tai.Research about sea water eutrophication in Dalian Bay[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2000,16(1):38-41.
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