基于故障仿真分析的高压直流断路器测试要求的确定方法
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摘要
开发快速、低损耗和可靠的高压直流断路器对直流保护具有重要意义,合适的测试要求是检验直流断路器性能的重要依据。由于直流系统电流没有自然过零点,并且感性元件储存着巨大的能量,使高压直流断路器的测试与交流断路器的测试有着本质的区别。通过对多端高压直流电网中故障电流的详细分析,确定了接地故障发生后的3个阶段,即子模块电容放电阶段、臂电流衰减阶段、交流馈电阶段,讨论了各阶段对故障电流影响较大的关键参数。通过仿真,研究了连接到直流母线的线路数量和故障位置等参数对高压直流电网的影响,为高压直流断路器测试要求的确定提供了依据。
Developing reliable HVDC circuit breakers with fast speed and low loss is of great significance for DC protection. However,because the DC system current does not naturally cross zero, and the inductive element stores a huge amount of energy, the test of HVDC circuit breaker and that of AC circuit breaker have essential differences. Based on the detailed analysis of the fault current in the multi-terminal HVDC power grid, the three stages are determined after the grounding fault, namely the sub-module capacitance discharge stage, the arm current attenuation stage, and AC feed stage. The key parameters that have great influence on the fault current in each stage are discussed. The influence of parameters are studied through simulation, such as the number of lines connected to DC bus and fault location on HVDC power grid, which provides a basis for the determination of HVDC circuit breaker test requirements.
Developing reliable HVDC circuit breakers with fast speed and low loss is of great significance for DC protection. However,because the DC system current does not naturally cross zero, and the inductive element stores a huge amount of energy, the test of HVDC circuit breaker and that of AC circuit breaker have essential differences. Based on the detailed analysis of the fault current in the multi-terminal HVDC power grid, the three stages are determined after the grounding fault, namely the sub-module capacitance discharge stage, the arm current attenuation stage, and AC feed stage. The key parameters that have great influence on the fault current in each stage are discussed. The influence of parameters are studied through simulation, such as the number of lines connected to DC bus and fault location on HVDC power grid, which provides a basis for the determination of HVDC circuit breaker test requirements.
引文
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[15]向往.适用于架空线路传输的MMC拓扑结构及关键技术研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2017.
[16]郑重,杜赫,邱馨仪,等.高压直流断路器用压接式IGBT芯片封装设计[J].智慧电力,2018,46(10):55-62.ZHENG Zhong, DU He, QIU Xinyi, et al. Packing design for press pack IGBT used in HVDC Bresker[J].Smart Power, 2018,46(10):55-62.
[17]李振兴,谭洪,叶诗韵,等.应用AI极性与信号处理的UHVDC输电线路保护新方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(15):68-75.LI Zhenxing, TAN Hong, YE Shiyun, et al. A new scheme for UHVDC transmission line protection using AI polarity and signal processing[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(15):68-75.
[18] SNEATH J, RAJAPAKSE A D. Fault detection and interruption in an earthed HVDC grid using ROCOV and hybrid DC breakers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016,31(3):973-981.
[2]于海.直流断路器的现状及发展[J].电力工程技术,2018,37(02):114-120.YU Hai. The status and development of DC circuit breaker[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2018, 37(02):114-120.
[3]赵明君,叶晗,李中奇,等.电容型直流断路器拓扑结构研究[J].电力工程技术,2018,37(06):62-68.ZHAO Mingjun, YE Han,LI Zhongqi, et al. Comparison and study of direct current circuit breaker with capacitors[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology, 2018, 37(06):62-68.
[4]李鹏,齐放,范海峰,等.直流断路器批量特性测试系统设计[J].国外电子测量技术,2017,36(12):83-86.LI Peng,QI, Fang, FAN Haifeng, et al. Design of batch characteristic test system for DC circuit breaker[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology, 2017, 36(12):83-86.
[5]王义平,梁汉城.UR36/40M型直流断路器低电压分闸试验不合格解析[J].高压电器,2015,51(3):140-144.WANG Yiping, LIANG Hancheng. Analysis of failure in low-voltage tripping electric test of UR36/40M DC circuit breaker[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2015, 51(3):140-144.
[6] BELDA N A, SMEETS R P P. Test circuits for HVDC circuit breakers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017, 32(1):285-293.
[7] CWIKOWSKI O, CHANG B, BARNES M, et al. Fault current testing envelopes for VSC HVDC circuit breakers[J]. IET Generation, Transmission&Distribution, 2016,10(6):1393-1400.
[8] CWIKOWSKI O, BARNES M, SHUTTLEWORTH R, et al. Integrated HVDC circuit breakers with current flow control capability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018, 33(01):371-380.
[9] AJAEI F B, IRAVANI R. Enhanced equivalent model of the modular multilevel converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2015,30(2):666-673.
[10]李莉.混合式高压直流断路器换流特性和开断性能研究[D].成都:西华大学,2018.
[11]赵坚鹏,赵成勇,许建中,等.直流电网中超导限流器与高压直流断路器的协调配合方法[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(11):121-128.ZHAO Jianpeng, ZHAO Chengyong,XU Jianzhong, et al.Coordination between superconducting current limiter and high voltage DC circuit breaker in DC grid[J]Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(11):121-128.
[12]丁锐.基于新型碳化硅MOSFET的低压直流断路器研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017.
[13] MESHRAM P M, BORGHATE V B. A simplified nearest level control(NLC)voltage balancing method for modular multilevel converter(MMC)[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronic, 2015,30(1):450-462.
[14]薛士敏,廉杰,齐金龙,等.MMC-HVDC故障暂态特性及自适应重合闸技术[J].电网技术,2018,42(12):4015-4021.XUE Shimin, LIAN Jie, QI Jinlong, et al. Fault transient characteristic and adaptive reclosing technique of MMCHVDC network[J]. Power System Technology, 2018, 42(12):4015-4021.
[15]向往.适用于架空线路传输的MMC拓扑结构及关键技术研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2017.
[16]郑重,杜赫,邱馨仪,等.高压直流断路器用压接式IGBT芯片封装设计[J].智慧电力,2018,46(10):55-62.ZHENG Zhong, DU He, QIU Xinyi, et al. Packing design for press pack IGBT used in HVDC Bresker[J].Smart Power, 2018,46(10):55-62.
[17]李振兴,谭洪,叶诗韵,等.应用AI极性与信号处理的UHVDC输电线路保护新方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(15):68-75.LI Zhenxing, TAN Hong, YE Shiyun, et al. A new scheme for UHVDC transmission line protection using AI polarity and signal processing[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(15):68-75.
[18] SNEATH J, RAJAPAKSE A D. Fault detection and interruption in an earthed HVDC grid using ROCOV and hybrid DC breakers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016,31(3):973-981.