基于单片机开展探究式实验教学以提高中学生物理核心素养
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摘要
本文介绍了基于单片机开展的探究式实验教学课程,课程在理论讲授中注重物理量和实验原理的讲解,在实践教学中强调以学生为中心的教学理念,教学内容和实验项目适合于中学生。课程教师在教学过程中充分调动学生的学习主动性,训练学生掌握基本的物理实验技能,引导学生以探究的方式使用Arduino系统以及各种传感器、电机、开关等物理设备完成简单的交互式系统设计,因此学生使用物理知识分析、解决实际问题的能力以及他们的物理核心素养均得到了提高。该课程可以成为中学物理教学的拓展内容和有益补充,也可作为承接青少年科普活动和科学教育的教学平台。
This article introduced an inquiry experimental teaching course based on the microcontroller unit. The course pays attention to the physical quantity and the experimental principle in the theoretical teaching, holds the student-centered teaching philosophy in the practical teaching. Its teaching content and experimental items are suitable for middle school students. Teachers fully mobilize the students' learning initiative in the teaching process and train students to master basic physics experiment skills. Students use the Arduino system and various physical devices such as sensors, motors, and switches to complete a simple interactive system design in an exploratory manner. Therefore, students' ability to use physical knowledge to analyze and solve practical problems has been cultivated, and their physical core qualities have also improved. This course can serve as an extension of content and useful supplements for physics teaching in middle school. It can also serve as a teaching platform for youngsters to take popular science activities and science education.
This article introduced an inquiry experimental teaching course based on the microcontroller unit. The course pays attention to the physical quantity and the experimental principle in the theoretical teaching, holds the student-centered teaching philosophy in the practical teaching. Its teaching content and experimental items are suitable for middle school students. Teachers fully mobilize the students' learning initiative in the teaching process and train students to master basic physics experiment skills. Students use the Arduino system and various physical devices such as sensors, motors, and switches to complete a simple interactive system design in an exploratory manner. Therefore, students' ability to use physical knowledge to analyze and solve practical problems has been cultivated, and their physical core qualities have also improved. This course can serve as an extension of content and useful supplements for physics teaching in middle school. It can also serve as a teaching platform for youngsters to take popular science activities and science education.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国教育部.教育部关于全面深化课程改革落实立德树人根本任务的意见[EB/OL].2014.http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A26/s7054/201404/t20140408_167226.html
[2]普通高中物理课程标准[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2017.
[3]上海市教育委员会.上海市中学物理课程标准[EB/OL].2005.http://www.shmec.gov.cn/web/hdpt/wsgs_detail.php?subject_id=48
[4]钱呈祥,韩叙虹.从2016年高考物理谈DIS系统及传感器实验教学[J].中小学实验与装备,2016,26(5):56-62.QIAN C X,HAN X H.Talking about DIS system and sensor experiment teaching from 2016 college entrance examination physics[J].Experiment and Equipment for Primary School,2016,26(5):56-62.(in Chinese)
[5]万慧,赵振宇.DIS实验与中学物理传统实验的有机结合[J].中学物理,2018,36(7):46-48.WAN H,ZHAO Z Y.The organic combination of DIS experiment and middle school physics traditional experiment[J].Middle School Physics,2018,36(7):46-48.(in Chinese)
[6]WINKLER K H A,CHALMERS J W,HODSON S W.A numerical laboratory[J].Physics Today,1987,40(25):28-37.
[7]WINSBERG E.Simulated experiments:methodology for a virtual world[J].Philosophy of science,2003,70(1):105-125.
[8]Arduino单片机基础及应用开发[EB/OL][2018-05-11].http://phylab.fudan.edu.cn/doku.php?id=yuandi:arduino:start
[9]从零开始学习arduino[EB/OL].http://phylab.fudan.edu.cn/doku.php?id=arduino:start
[10]SEVERANCE C,BANZI M.Building Arduino[J].Computer,2014,47(1):11-12.
[11]金书辉,郑燕林,张晓.高中Arduino机器人课程学习现状调查与分析[J].中国电化教育,2017-12,(371):115-120.JIN S H,ZHENG Y L,ZHANG X.Investigation and analysis on the current situation of arduino robotics course in senior high school[J].China Educational Technology,2017-12,(371):115-120.(in Chinese)
[12]蔡睿妍.Arduino的原理及应用[J].电子设计工程,2012,20(16):155-157.CAI R Y.Principle and application of Arduino[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2012,20(16):155-157.(in Chinese)
[13]沈金鑫.Arduino与Lab VIEW开发实战[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.
[2]普通高中物理课程标准[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2017.
[3]上海市教育委员会.上海市中学物理课程标准[EB/OL].2005.http://www.shmec.gov.cn/web/hdpt/wsgs_detail.php?subject_id=48
[4]钱呈祥,韩叙虹.从2016年高考物理谈DIS系统及传感器实验教学[J].中小学实验与装备,2016,26(5):56-62.QIAN C X,HAN X H.Talking about DIS system and sensor experiment teaching from 2016 college entrance examination physics[J].Experiment and Equipment for Primary School,2016,26(5):56-62.(in Chinese)
[5]万慧,赵振宇.DIS实验与中学物理传统实验的有机结合[J].中学物理,2018,36(7):46-48.WAN H,ZHAO Z Y.The organic combination of DIS experiment and middle school physics traditional experiment[J].Middle School Physics,2018,36(7):46-48.(in Chinese)
[6]WINKLER K H A,CHALMERS J W,HODSON S W.A numerical laboratory[J].Physics Today,1987,40(25):28-37.
[7]WINSBERG E.Simulated experiments:methodology for a virtual world[J].Philosophy of science,2003,70(1):105-125.
[8]Arduino单片机基础及应用开发[EB/OL][2018-05-11].http://phylab.fudan.edu.cn/doku.php?id=yuandi:arduino:start
[9]从零开始学习arduino[EB/OL].http://phylab.fudan.edu.cn/doku.php?id=arduino:start
[10]SEVERANCE C,BANZI M.Building Arduino[J].Computer,2014,47(1):11-12.
[11]金书辉,郑燕林,张晓.高中Arduino机器人课程学习现状调查与分析[J].中国电化教育,2017-12,(371):115-120.JIN S H,ZHENG Y L,ZHANG X.Investigation and analysis on the current situation of arduino robotics course in senior high school[J].China Educational Technology,2017-12,(371):115-120.(in Chinese)
[12]蔡睿妍.Arduino的原理及应用[J].电子设计工程,2012,20(16):155-157.CAI R Y.Principle and application of Arduino[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2012,20(16):155-157.(in Chinese)
[13]沈金鑫.Arduino与Lab VIEW开发实战[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.