钾肥追施时期对山地烤烟烟叶质量的影响
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摘要
为提高钾肥利用率,增加山地烤烟钾含量及其中性致香物质含量,采用田间试验的方法,进行不同时期追施钾肥试验,比较各生育期土壤钾含量及烤后烟叶化学成分、中性致香物质和感官评吸质量。结果表明:土壤中全钾及速效钾含量变化基本一致,均随追施K_2SO_4的时间而相应变化;随着钾肥追施时间的后移,烤烟中上部烟叶钾含量、中性致香物质含量等均有所提高,以移栽后40d追施硫酸钾20kg/667m~2的效果最好,烤后中部烟叶评吸得分最高,中性致香物质总量分别比不追施钾肥、移栽后20d和30d追施钾肥分别高27.49%、22.13%和14.01%。
The effects of potassium application at different growth stages on soil potassium content,chemical components,neutral aroma components and sensory smoking quality of cured tobacco leaves to improve potassium utilization rate and increase the content of potassium and neutral aroma components of flue-cured tobacco in mountainous area.Results:The variation of total potassium and rapid available potassium content in soil is the same basically among four applying potassium treatments,and total potassium and rapid available potassium content in soil changes with K_2SO_4 application time.The potassium and neutral aroma components content of flue-cured tobacco with middle and upper parts increases with backward of K_2SO_4 application time to some extent.The smoking score of cured tobacco leaves with the middle part is the highest when the flue-cured tobacco seedlings are applied with 20 kg/667 m~2 K_2SO_4 on 40 thday after transplanting.The neutral aroma components content of cured tobacco leaves under applying 20 kg/667 m~2 K_2SO_4 on 40 thday after transplanting is 27.49%,22.13% and 14.01% higher than CK(no potassium application),Treatment I(applying 20 kg/667 m~2 K_2SO_4 on 20 th day after transplanting)and Treatment II(applying 20 kg/667 m~2 K_2SO_4 on 30 thday after transplanting)respectively.
The effects of potassium application at different growth stages on soil potassium content,chemical components,neutral aroma components and sensory smoking quality of cured tobacco leaves to improve potassium utilization rate and increase the content of potassium and neutral aroma components of flue-cured tobacco in mountainous area.Results:The variation of total potassium and rapid available potassium content in soil is the same basically among four applying potassium treatments,and total potassium and rapid available potassium content in soil changes with K_2SO_4 application time.The potassium and neutral aroma components content of flue-cured tobacco with middle and upper parts increases with backward of K_2SO_4 application time to some extent.The smoking score of cured tobacco leaves with the middle part is the highest when the flue-cured tobacco seedlings are applied with 20 kg/667 m~2 K_2SO_4 on 40 thday after transplanting.The neutral aroma components content of cured tobacco leaves under applying 20 kg/667 m~2 K_2SO_4 on 40 thday after transplanting is 27.49%,22.13% and 14.01% higher than CK(no potassium application),Treatment I(applying 20 kg/667 m~2 K_2SO_4 on 20 th day after transplanting)and Treatment II(applying 20 kg/667 m~2 K_2SO_4 on 30 thday after transplanting)respectively.
引文
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[12]张务帅,陈宝成,李成亮,等.控释氮肥控释钾肥不同配比对小麦生长及土壤肥力的影响[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(3):178-183.
[13]柳金来,宋继娟,周柏明,等.钾肥施用量与土壤肥力和植株养分及水稻产量的关系[J].中国土壤与肥料,2003(2):21-23.
[14]代晓燕,郭春燕,刘国顺,等.钾肥不同追施时期对烤烟品质和产量的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(2):421-426.
[15]戴勋,王毅,刘彦中,等.不同钾肥追施量对烤烟K326生长及产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(1):19-22.
[16]刘巧真,郭芳阳,李柏杰,等.豫中烟区烤烟氯积累规律及土壤氯素平衡研究[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(1):62-64.
[17]代晓燕,张芊,王建安,等.不同钾肥施用量及基追施比对烤烟中性致香物质含量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(1):26-31.
[18]刘国顺,张春华,代李鹏,等.不同氮磷钾配施对烤烟石油醚提取物和中性致香物质的影响[J].土壤,2009,41(6):974-979.
[2]刘国顺,何永秋,杨永锋,等.不同钾肥配施对烤烟质体色素和碳氮代谢及品质的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2013,34(6):49-55.
[3]闫慧峰,石屹,李乃会,等.烟草钾素营养研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2013,15(1):123-129.
[4]刘金.提高烤烟钾含量的施肥措施及机理研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[5]宋贺鹏,许嘉阳,郭利,等.分次追钾对襄阳烤烟钾含量及品质的影响[J].江西农业学报,2015(7):58-61.
[6]段四喜,聂吉梅,刘燕,等.减施肥料对不同前茬烤烟生长和产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2015,36(5):19-25.
[7]赵会纳,蔡凯,雷波,等.烤烟中性致香物质在烘烤前后的差异分析[J].中国烟草科学,2015,36(2):8-13.
[8]江厚龙,王瑞.海拔和品种对烤烟致香物质含量及香型风格的影响[J].西南农业学报,2015,28(2):880-886.
[9]毛家伟,翟文汇,孙大为,等.不同种类钾肥对烤烟SPAD值、根系活力及经济性状的影响[J].山西农业科学,2015(5):584-587.
[10]郑传刚,吴昊,余祥文,等.钾肥调控对烤烟光合作用和产量及品质的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,41(6):621-626.
[11]邹文桐,项雷文,金美芳.施氮肥和钙肥对烤烟根系形态、生理代谢及产量的影响[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2015(6):675-682.
[12]张务帅,陈宝成,李成亮,等.控释氮肥控释钾肥不同配比对小麦生长及土壤肥力的影响[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(3):178-183.
[13]柳金来,宋继娟,周柏明,等.钾肥施用量与土壤肥力和植株养分及水稻产量的关系[J].中国土壤与肥料,2003(2):21-23.
[14]代晓燕,郭春燕,刘国顺,等.钾肥不同追施时期对烤烟品质和产量的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(2):421-426.
[15]戴勋,王毅,刘彦中,等.不同钾肥追施量对烤烟K326生长及产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(1):19-22.
[16]刘巧真,郭芳阳,李柏杰,等.豫中烟区烤烟氯积累规律及土壤氯素平衡研究[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(1):62-64.
[17]代晓燕,张芊,王建安,等.不同钾肥施用量及基追施比对烤烟中性致香物质含量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(1):26-31.
[18]刘国顺,张春华,代李鹏,等.不同氮磷钾配施对烤烟石油醚提取物和中性致香物质的影响[J].土壤,2009,41(6):974-979.