西宁至成都铁路某隧道高压CO_2气体研究及地质选线探析
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摘要
西宁至成都铁路定测阶段XCDCSZ-3-1号深孔突发高压CO_2气体,具有压力大、持续喷发时间长的特点。文章在收集和调查该区域地质背景的基础上,通过物探、钻探、气体取样、化验等综合勘察手段,研究了气体产生的原因、分布特征及运移、存储特征;在分析高压气体对工程影响的基础上,从地质角度研究其选线原则。结果表明:高压CO_2气体为无机成因,由基底大理岩受热分解产生,运移通道主要为古风化壳,主要聚集在基底鼻状隆起构造;高压CO_2气体分布与基底地层岩性、埋深、基底构造、盖层岩性、盖层断裂有着密切的联系,通过绕避其相关地质因素,可达到优化线路方案的目的。
Carbon dioxide gas, bursting in the deep drill hole of XCDCSZ-3-1 during the final survey of Xi′ning-Chengdu Railway, is characterized by high pressure and long duration of eruption. The genesis, distribution, migration and storage characteristics of CO_2 gas were studied based on a survey of regional geological background and by means of comprehensive adoption of geophysical technology, drilling, gas sampling and chemical test. The alignment principles were also studied by analyzing effect of high pressure gas on tunnel in a perspective of geology. The results indicate that high pressure CO_2 gas is of inorganic and caused by thermal decomposition of basal marble, the migration channel is mainly palaeo weathered crust which mainly accumulates in the snout-like bulging structure of baserock;distribution of high pressure CO_2 gas is closely related to lithology, depth, structure of baserock, lithology of overlying strata and superficial fault, route scheme optimization can be achieved by bypassing relevant geological factors.
Carbon dioxide gas, bursting in the deep drill hole of XCDCSZ-3-1 during the final survey of Xi′ning-Chengdu Railway, is characterized by high pressure and long duration of eruption. The genesis, distribution, migration and storage characteristics of CO_2 gas were studied based on a survey of regional geological background and by means of comprehensive adoption of geophysical technology, drilling, gas sampling and chemical test. The alignment principles were also studied by analyzing effect of high pressure gas on tunnel in a perspective of geology. The results indicate that high pressure CO_2 gas is of inorganic and caused by thermal decomposition of basal marble, the migration channel is mainly palaeo weathered crust which mainly accumulates in the snout-like bulging structure of baserock;distribution of high pressure CO_2 gas is closely related to lithology, depth, structure of baserock, lithology of overlying strata and superficial fault, route scheme optimization can be achieved by bypassing relevant geological factors.
引文
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[2]何财基,张洁瑜,陈泽昊,葛开国.拉林铁路米林隧道有害气体成因分析及处置措施[J].铁道建筑,2017,57(10):78-80.HE Caiji,ZHANG Jieyu,CHEN Zehao,GE Kaiguo.Cause Analysis and Treatment Measures of Harmful Gas in Milin Tunnel of Lasa-Nyingchi Railway[J].Railway Construction,2017,57(10):78-80.
[3]熊畅华.合武铁路安徽段金寨(大别山)区段隧道燃烧现象的研究[J].西部探矿工程,2006,(8):170-172.XIONG Changhua.Study on Burning Phenomenon of Jinzhai(Dabieshan)Tunnel in Anhui Section of Hewu Railway[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2006,(8):170-172.
[4]丁浩江,许模,岳志勤,等.成贵铁路有害气体地质特征及分布规律[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(5):309-314.DING Haojiang,XU Mo,YUE Zhiqin,et al.Geological Characteristics and Distribution Laws of Harmful Gas in Chengdu-Guiyang Railway[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(5):309-314.
[5]石新栋.圆梁山隧道主要地质问题及施工对策[J].铁道标准设计,2003,(增1):34-36.SHI Xindong.Main Geological Problems in Yuanliangshan Tunnel and Measures to Deal with Them[J].Railway Standard Design,2003,(S1):34-36.
[6]郑安梁,汪永森,冯海鳌.杭新景高速公路窑山顶隧道不明可燃气体的分析及处理[J].浙江建筑,2005,(增1):131-132.ZHENG Anliang,WANG Yongsen,FENG Haiao.Analysis and Treatment of Unknown Combustible Gases in Yaoshan Top Tunnel of Hangzhou Xinjing Expressway[J].Zhejiang Construction,2005,(S1):131-132.
[7]青海省地质局.1∶20万乐都幅地质图说明书[R].西宁:青海省地质局,1965.Qinghai Geological Bureau.1∶200,000 Ledu Geological Map Instructions[R].Xining:Qinghai Geological Bureau,1965.
[8]郑长远,张徽,师延霞,胡丽莎,张超.青海平安地区CO2气藏成藏模式研究[J].西北地质,2016,49(3):148-154.ZHENG Changyuan,ZHANG Hui,SHI Yanxia,HU Lisa,ZHANG Chao.Study on Carbon Dioxide Gas Reservoir Accumulation Mode in Ping′an Region,Qinghai Province[J].Northwest Geology,2016,49(3):148-154.
[9]高小明,沈建林.甘肃窑街矿区CO2气体突出灾害的成因及防治研究[J].中国煤炭地质,2017,29(10):18-22+29.GAO Xiaoming,SHEN Jianlin.Study on CO2 Outburst Hazard Causation and Control in Yaojie,Gansu[J].Coal Geology of China,2017,29(10):18-22+29.
[10]李伟,程远平,杨云峰,王立国,等.窑街煤田CO2成因及成藏模式研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(2):190-195.LI Wei,CHENG Yuanping,YANG Yunfeng,WANG Liguo,et al.Research on the Genesis and Accumulation of Carbon Dioxide in the Yaojie Coalfield[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2011,40(2):190-195.
[11]付晓飞,宋岩.松辽盆地无机成因气及气源模式[J].石油学报,2005,(4):23-28.FU Xiaofei,SONG Yan.Inorganic Gas and Its Resource in Songliao Basin[J].Acta Petroleum Sinica,2005,(4):23-28.
[12]戴金星,宋岩,戴春森,等.中国东部无机成因气及其气藏形成条件[M].北京:科学出版设计,1995.DAI Jinxing,SONG Yan,DAI Chunsen,et al.Inorganic Genetic Gas and Its Formation Conditions in Eastern China[M].Beijing:Science Publishing Design,1995.
[13]沈平.气源岩和天然气地球化学特征及成气机理研究[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1991.SHEN Ping.Geochemical Characteristics and Gas-forming Mechanism of Gas Source Rocks and Natural Gas[M].Lanzhou:Gansu Science and Technology Press,1991.
[14]陶明信,徐永昌,陈发源,等.窑街煤田CO2气中氦同位素特征及其意义[J].科学通报,1991,(12):921-923.TAO Mingxin,XU Yongchang,CHEN Fayuan,et al.Characteristics and Significance of Helium Isotopes in CO2 Gas in Yaojie Coalfield[J].Chinese Scientific Bulletin,1991,(12):921-923.
[15]戴金星,宋岩,洪峰,戴春森.中国东部无机成因的二氧化碳气藏及其特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),1994,(4):3-10.DAI Jinxing,SONG Yan,HONG Feng,DAI Chunsen.Inorganic Cenetic Carbon Dioxide Gas Accumulations and Their Characteristics in Eastern Part of China[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1994,(4):3-10.
[16]魏永佩.中国主要含气盆地天然气的运聚规律[J].地学前缘,2001,(4):275-276.WEI Yongpei.Natural Gas Accumulation in Major Gas-bearing Basins in China[J].Geological Frontiers,2001,(4):275-276.