下庄铀矿田微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征
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摘要
下庄铀矿田是我国最大的花岗岩型铀矿田,本文在详细的野外勘察基础上,对矿田下庄岩体、帽峰岩体以及不同矿化类型(硅化碎裂岩型、蚀变碎裂花岗岩型和碱交代型)矿石的微量元素和稀土元素进行系统分析。结果表明,下庄岩体和帽峰岩体富集大离子亲石元素Rb和稀土元素Ce、Sm、Y,明显亏损Ba、Sr和轻微亏损Nb、Ta,具有较高的Rb/Sr比值和较低的Nb/Ta比值,表明下庄岩体和帽峰岩体高度成熟的地壳演化特征。硅化碎裂岩型和碎裂蚀变花岗岩型矿石Zr亏损明显,反映矿石形成过程中有地壳物质混染;各类型矿石稀土总量ΣREE、Sm-Nd图解、轻-中-重稀土元素三角图解反映出成矿流体运移过程中萃取了不同岩石中的稀土元素,矿石稀土元素主要继承了围岩中稀土元素特征,铀矿田成矿过程处于一个连续的热液体系中。
The Xiazhuang uranium ore field is the biggest granitic-type uranium ore field in China. Based on the detailed field investigation,this article systematically analyzes the trace elements and rare earth elements of Xiazhuang granite,Maofeng granite as well as different mineralization types ore( silicified cataclastic type,cataclastic granite type and alkaline metasomatite type). The results show that the samples of Xiazhuang granite and Maofeng granite are enriched in large ion lithophile elements Rb and rare earth elements Ce,Sm,Y,and obviously depleted in Ba,Sr,P,Ti,and slightly depleted in Nb,Ta,with high Rb/Sr and low Nb/Ta ratio. All of these indicates the highly matured characteristics of crust evolution in Xiazhuang granite and Maofeng granite. The heavy depletion in Zr of silicified cataclastic type ore and cataclastic granite type ore reflects the crustal material contamination in ore forming process. The total rare earth amount ΣREE,Sm-Nd graphic,and triangle diagram of light-middle-heavy rare earth elements from all type of ores reflect that rare earth elements of ore fluid were extracted from different rocks in the process of ore-forming and the ore rare earth elements mainly inheritance host rock rare earth elements feature. The uranium ore-forming process is in a continuous hydrothermal system.
The Xiazhuang uranium ore field is the biggest granitic-type uranium ore field in China. Based on the detailed field investigation,this article systematically analyzes the trace elements and rare earth elements of Xiazhuang granite,Maofeng granite as well as different mineralization types ore( silicified cataclastic type,cataclastic granite type and alkaline metasomatite type). The results show that the samples of Xiazhuang granite and Maofeng granite are enriched in large ion lithophile elements Rb and rare earth elements Ce,Sm,Y,and obviously depleted in Ba,Sr,P,Ti,and slightly depleted in Nb,Ta,with high Rb/Sr and low Nb/Ta ratio. All of these indicates the highly matured characteristics of crust evolution in Xiazhuang granite and Maofeng granite. The heavy depletion in Zr of silicified cataclastic type ore and cataclastic granite type ore reflects the crustal material contamination in ore forming process. The total rare earth amount ΣREE,Sm-Nd graphic,and triangle diagram of light-middle-heavy rare earth elements from all type of ores reflect that rare earth elements of ore fluid were extracted from different rocks in the process of ore-forming and the ore rare earth elements mainly inheritance host rock rare earth elements feature. The uranium ore-forming process is in a continuous hydrothermal system.
引文
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[21]张国玉,王生忠,王正其,等.相山、下庄铀矿田稀土元素特征及示踪研究[J].东华理工学院学报,2007,30(1):9-14.Zhang G Y,Wang S Z,Wang Z Q,et al.Research on the REE characteristics and tracing in Xiangshan and Xiazhuang uranium ore fields[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology,2007,30(1):9-14.
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[3]韩吟文,马振东,张宏飞,等.地球化学[M].北京:地质出版社,2003.Han Y W,Ma Z D,Zhang H F,et al.Geochemistry[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2003.
[4]张展适,华仁民,邓平,等.诸广-下庄铀矿集区成矿过程中水-岩作用的地质地球化学特征[J].地球学,2005,34(5):483-494.Zhang Z S,Hua R M,Deng P,et al.Geological and geochemical characteristics of water-rock interaction in the processes of uranium mineralization in ZhuguangXaizhuang uranium ore-concentrated district[J].Geology,2005,34(5):483-494.
[5]陈友良,朱西养,张成江,等.层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿稀土元素变化规律初探——以伊犁和吐鲁番—哈密盆地为例[J].地质论评,2007,53(4):473-485.Chen Y L,Zhu X Y,Zhang C J,et al.A preliminary study on REE transformation regularities of the interlayer oxidation zone in sandstone-type uranium deposit:in case of the Ili and Turpan-Hami basins[J].Geological Review,2007,53(4):473-485.
[6]陈友良,魏佳,叶永钦,等.若尔盖铀矿田方解石稀土元素与碳氧同位素地球化学特征及其意义[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(10):1061-1067.Chen Y L,Wei J,Ye Y Q,et al.Significance and geochemical characteristics of REE and carbon-oxygen isotopes of calcites in the zoige uranium ore field in Sichuan Province,China[J].Advances in Earth Science,2012,27(10):1061-1067.
[7]陈琪,肖建军,范立亭,等.广西向阳坪铀矿床微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征[J].铀矿地质,2013,29(3):152-161.Chen Q,Xiao J J,Fan L T,et al.Geochemical characteristics of trace and rare earth elements in Xiangyangping uranium deposit of Guangxi[J].Uranium Geology,2013,29(3):152-161.
[8]石少华,胡瑞忠,温汉捷,等.桂北沙子江铀矿床稀土元素地球化学特征[J].矿物岩石,2011,31(1):36-42.Shi S H,Hu R Z,Wen H J,et al.REE geochemical characteristica of the Shazijiang uranium ore deposit,northern Guangxi,China[J].Mineral and Petrol,2011,31(1):36-42.
[9]He Z Y,Zhang Z Y,Yu J X,et al.Process optimization of rare earth and aluminum leaching from weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore with compound ammonium salts[J].Journal of Rare Earths,2016,34(4):413-419.
[10]Yang B,Shen Y S,Zeng Y W,et al.Promotional effects of copper doping on Ti-Ce-Oxfor selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3at low temperature[J].Journal of Rare Earths,2016,34(3):268-275.
[11]陆建军,吴烈勤,凌洪飞,等.粤北下庄铀矿田黄陂-张光营辉绿岩脉的成因:元素地球化学和Nd-Sr-Pb-O同位素证据[J].岩石学报,2006,22(2):397-406.Lu J J,Wu L Q,Lin H F,et al.The origin of the HuangPi-Zhangguangying diabase dykes in the Xiazhuang uranium ore district of northern Guangdong Province:Evidence from trace elements and Nd-Sr-Pb-O isotoeps[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(2):397-406.
[12]张珂,闫亚鹏,赖中信,等.下庄铀矿田构造特征及与热液铀矿化的关系[J].地学前缘,2011,18(1):118-125.Zhang K,Yan Y P,Lai Z X,et al.Tectonic characteristics of the Xiazhuang uranium orefield and its hydrothermal uranium mineralization[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2011,18(1):118-125.
[13]邹东风,李方林,张爽,等.粤北下庄335矿床成矿时代的厘定——来自LA-ICP-MS沥青铀矿U-Pb年龄的制约[J].矿床地质,2011,30(5):912-922.Zou D F,Li F L,Zhang S,et al.Timing of No.335 ore deposit in Xiazhuang uranium orefield,northern Guangdong Province:Evidence from LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of pitchblende[J].Mineral Deposits,2011,30(5):912-922.
[14]王军,赖中信,张辉仁,等.粤北下庄矿田新生代构造演化及其对铀成矿的影响[J].大地构造与成矿学,2011,35(3):355-363.Wang J,Lai Z X,Zhang H R,et al.Cenozoic tectonic evolution and its influence on uranium ore-forming processes in the Xiazhuang ore field,Northern Guangdong Province[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2011,35(3):355-363.
[15]王军.粤北下庄矿田花岗岩体变形特征及其对铀矿成矿的影响[D].北京:中国地质大学,2012.Wang J.Deformation characteristics of the granite pluton in Xiazhuang ore-field and its influence on uraniummineralization[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2012.
[16]商朋强,胡瑞忠,毕献武,等.粤北下庄铀矿田脉石矿物Sr、Nd、Pb同位素地球化学研究[J].中国地质,2012,39(6):1847-1856.Shang P Q,Hu R Z,Bi X W,et al.Sr,Nd and Pb isotopic geochemistry of gangue minerals in the Xiazhuang uranium orefield,northern Guangdong Province[J].Geology in China,2012,39(6):1847-1856.
[17]何德宝,范洪海,孟艳宁,等.粤北下庄铀矿田不同类型矿床成矿流体对比研究[J].地质与勘探,2015,51(2):303-311.He D B,Fan H H,Meng Y N,et al.Comparison of oreforming fluids in the deposits of different types of the Xiazhuang uranium ore field in northern guangdong province[J].Geology and Exploration,2015,51(2):303-311.
[18]彭卓伦,陈国能,陈震,等.花岗岩型铀矿床成矿分带特征及其在下庄矿田隐伏矿床预测中的应用[J].大地构造与成矿学,2015,39(3):520-527.Peng Z L,Chen G N,Chen Z,et al.Zonatioin of granite-type uranium deposit and its application in prediction of concealed ore-body in the Xiazhuang ore-field[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2015,39(3):520-527.
[19]张展适,华仁民,刘晓东,等.贵东花岗杂岩体的稀土元素特征及与铀成矿关系[J].中国稀土学报,2005,23(6):749-756.Zhang Z S,Hua R M,Liu X D,et al.Geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements of Guidong granitic complex and their relationship with uranium mineralization[J].Journal of the Chinese Socity of Rare Earths,2005,23(6):749-756.
[20]张国玉,王正其,梁良.下庄铀矿田337矿床成矿流体稀土元素示踪[J].东华理工学院学报,2006,29(1):27-31.Zhang G Y,Wang Z Q,Liang L.REE tracing on oreforming fluid of 337 uranium ore deposit in Xiazhuang ore field[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology,2006,29(1):27-31.
[21]张国玉,王生忠,王正其,等.相山、下庄铀矿田稀土元素特征及示踪研究[J].东华理工学院学报,2007,30(1):9-14.Zhang G Y,Wang S Z,Wang Z Q,et al.Research on the REE characteristics and tracing in Xiangshan and Xiazhuang uranium ore fields[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology,2007,30(1):9-14.
[22]何德宝,范洪海,汪昱.下庄铀矿田成矿模式[J].铀矿地质,2016,32(3):152-158.He D B,Fan H H,Wang Y.Metallogenic model in Xiazhuang uranium ore field[J].Uranium Geology,2016,32(3):152-158.
[23]Gao S,Luo T C,Zhang B R,et al.Structure and composition of the contimental crust in East China[J].Science in China(Series D),1999,42(2):129-140.
[24]Boynton W V.Geochemistry of the rare earth elements:meteorite studies[A].In:henderson P(ed.).Rare Earth Elements Geochemistry[C].Amstrdam:Elservier,1984.63-144.
[25]Rudnick R L,Fountain D M.Nature and composition of the continental crust:a lower crustal perspective[J].Review of Geophysics,1995,33(2):267-309.
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