41份非洲地区和我国湖北蚕豆种质资源产量性状的鉴定与评价
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摘要
【目的】鉴定评价41份非洲地区和我国湖北蚕豆种质资源的产量性状,筛选出产量性状综合表现优良的蚕豆种质资源,为蚕豆种质资源保护及其新品种选育提供理论参考。【方法】从非洲和我国湖北共收集41份蚕豆种质资源,通过相关分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法对蚕豆10个产量性状进行综合鉴定及评价。【结果】41份蚕豆种质资源的10个产量性状变异系数均较高,从高到低排序为:单株实荚数(58.09%)>单株重(36.06%)>单株总荚数(33.82%)>百粒重(32.79%)>单果节荚数(31.60%)>荚宽(18.00%)>株高(16.75%)>单株分枝数(16.54%)>荚长(13.20%)>生育日数(2.18%)。相关性分析结果表明,百粒重与单株分枝数、荚宽和荚长呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),单株总荚数与单株实荚数、单果节荚数和单株重呈极显著正相关,与荚宽和百粒重分别呈极显著和显著(P<0.05)负相关。主成分分析结果显示,前5个主成分覆盖所有蚕豆资源产量性状,总贡献率达86.753%,综合前5个主成分对应的产量性状,在10个产量性状中,除荚宽外,其余9个产量性状均可作为蚕豆产量鉴定与评价的重要指标。聚类分析结果表明,41份蚕豆种质资源可分为三大类群,其中第I类群以湖北蚕豆为主,包括12份湖北种质和1份埃塞俄比亚种质,占供试种质资源的31.71%;第Ⅱ类群包含8份苏丹种质、5份湖北种质、4份埃及种质和3份埃塞俄比亚种质,占供试种质资源的48.78%;第Ⅲ类群含7份种质包括3份苏丹种质、1份埃塞俄比亚种质和3份埃及种质,占供试种质资源的19.51%。【结论】非洲地区和我国湖北蚕豆种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,筛选出的高产种质资源CDAS106、CDSD102和P422823026可应用于高产蚕豆育种。
【Objective】The yield characters of 41 Vicia faba germplasm resources from African areas and Hubei,China were identified and evaluated to screen potential V.faba varieties with fine yield traits performance,in order to providetheoretical reference for the protection and breeding of V.faba germplasm resources.【Method】A total of 41 V.faba germplasm resources were collected from Africa and Hubei,China.Ten yield characters of V.faba were comprehensively identified and evaluated by using correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.【Result】The variation coefficients of 10 yield-related characters of 41 V.faba germplasm resources were relatively high and the order from high to low was:number of single plant pods(58.09%)>single plant weight(36.06%)>total number of pod per plant(33.82%)>100-grain weight(32.79%)>number of pod per fruit(31.60%)>pod width(18.00)>plant height(16.75%)>number of branch per plant(16.54%)>pod length(13.20%)>number of growing days(2.18%).The results of correlation analysis showed that 100-grain weight was extremely significantly correlated with the number of branch per plant,pod width and pod length(P<0.01,the same below).Total number of pod per plant had significantly positive correlations with the number of single plant pod,the number of pod per fruit and the single plant weight,and had extremely significant and significant negative correlation with pod width and 100-grain weight respectively(P<0.05).The results of principal component analysis showed that the first five principal components covered all yield traits of V.faba resources,and the total contribution rate was 86.753%.Related yield characters of the previous five principal components were synthesized.Among the 10 yield characters,except pod width,other nine yield characters could be used as important indicators for identification and evaluation of V.faba yield.The results of cluster analysis showed that 41 V.faba germplasm resources from African areas and Hubei,China could be divided into three groups.Group I mainly consisted of V.faba from Hubei,including twelve germplasms from Hubei and one germplasm from Ethiopia,accounting for 31.71% of the tested resources.Group II consisted of eightgermplasms from Sudan and five germplasms from Hubei,four germplasms from Egypt and three germplasms from Ethiopia,accounting for 48.78% of the tested germplasm resources.Group III contained seven germplasms,including three germplasms from Sudan,one germplasm from Ethiopia and three germplasms from Egypt,accounting for19.51% of the tested germplasm resources.【Conclusion】The V.faba germplasm resources from African areas and Hubei,China have abundant genetic diversity.The selected high-yield germplasm resources such as CDAS106,CDSD102 and P422823026 can be used in high-yield V.faba breeding.
【Objective】The yield characters of 41 Vicia faba germplasm resources from African areas and Hubei,China were identified and evaluated to screen potential V.faba varieties with fine yield traits performance,in order to providetheoretical reference for the protection and breeding of V.faba germplasm resources.【Method】A total of 41 V.faba germplasm resources were collected from Africa and Hubei,China.Ten yield characters of V.faba were comprehensively identified and evaluated by using correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.【Result】The variation coefficients of 10 yield-related characters of 41 V.faba germplasm resources were relatively high and the order from high to low was:number of single plant pods(58.09%)>single plant weight(36.06%)>total number of pod per plant(33.82%)>100-grain weight(32.79%)>number of pod per fruit(31.60%)>pod width(18.00)>plant height(16.75%)>number of branch per plant(16.54%)>pod length(13.20%)>number of growing days(2.18%).The results of correlation analysis showed that 100-grain weight was extremely significantly correlated with the number of branch per plant,pod width and pod length(P<0.01,the same below).Total number of pod per plant had significantly positive correlations with the number of single plant pod,the number of pod per fruit and the single plant weight,and had extremely significant and significant negative correlation with pod width and 100-grain weight respectively(P<0.05).The results of principal component analysis showed that the first five principal components covered all yield traits of V.faba resources,and the total contribution rate was 86.753%.Related yield characters of the previous five principal components were synthesized.Among the 10 yield characters,except pod width,other nine yield characters could be used as important indicators for identification and evaluation of V.faba yield.The results of cluster analysis showed that 41 V.faba germplasm resources from African areas and Hubei,China could be divided into three groups.Group I mainly consisted of V.faba from Hubei,including twelve germplasms from Hubei and one germplasm from Ethiopia,accounting for 31.71% of the tested resources.Group II consisted of eightgermplasms from Sudan and five germplasms from Hubei,four germplasms from Egypt and three germplasms from Ethiopia,accounting for 48.78% of the tested germplasm resources.Group III contained seven germplasms,including three germplasms from Sudan,one germplasm from Ethiopia and three germplasms from Egypt,accounting for19.51% of the tested germplasm resources.【Conclusion】The V.faba germplasm resources from African areas and Hubei,China have abundant genetic diversity.The selected high-yield germplasm resources such as CDAS106,CDSD102 and P422823026 can be used in high-yield V.faba breeding.
引文
陈宏伟,范贵生,沙爱华.2017.湖北省蚕豆地方品种产量性状的遗传变异分析[J].湖北农业科学,56(22):4242-4247[Chen H W,Fan G S,Sha A H.2017.Genetic variation of yield traits of faba bean landraces in Hubei Province[J].Hubei Agricultural Science,56(22):4242-4247.]
陈宏伟,李莉,刘昌燕,万正煌,沙爱华.2016.129份湖北蚕豆地方种质的子粒外观及品质性状分析[J].湖北农业科学,55(24):6377-6380.[Chen H W,Li L,Liu C Y,Wan Z H,Sha A H.2016.Analysis of grain appearance and quality traits of 129 local germplasms of Vicia faba in Hubei[J].Hubei Agricultural Science,55(24):6377-6380.]
崔世友,缪亚梅.2004.蚕豆产量研究与高产育种[J].湖北农学院学报,24(1):11-14.[Cui S Y,Miao Y M.2004.Study on the yield of Vicia faba and high yield breeding[J].Journal of Hubei Agricultural College,24(1):11-14.]
丁自立,姚明华,焦春海.2014.非洲农作物种质资源的抢救性引进与合作研究[J].湖北农业科学,53(19):4525-4528.[Ding Z L,Yao M H,Jiao C H.2014.Rescue introduction and cooperation of African crop germplasm resources[J].Hubei Agricultural Science,53(19):4525-4528.]
康智明,郑开斌,徐晓俞,李爱萍.2015.不同蚕豆品种农艺及品质性状的遗传多样性分析[J].福建农业学报,30(3):249-252.[Kang Z M,Zheng K B,Xu X Y,Li A P.2015.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,30(3):249-252.]
李莉,万正煌,陈宏伟,仲建锋,伍广洪.2013.外引蚕豆种质资源鉴定与形态多样性[J].湖北农业科学,52(23):5700-5704.[Li L,Wan Z H,Chen H W,Zhong J F,Wu G H.2013.Identification and morphological diversity of introduced Vicia faba germplasm resources[J].Hubei A-gricultural Science,52(23):5700-5704.]
李艳花,陈红,王萍,杜成章,张继君.2018.蚕豆高代材料单株产量与农艺性状的相关和通径分析[J].江苏农业科学,46(20):79-81.[Li Y H,Chen H,Wang P,Du C Z,Zhang J J.2018.The correlation and path analysis between yield per plant and agronomic traits of high-generation Vicia faba materials[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Science,46(20):79-81.]
刘玉皎,宗绪晓.2008.青海蚕豆种质资源形态多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,9(1):79-83.[Liu Y J,Zong XX.2008.Morphological diversity analysis of faba bean germplasm resources from Qinghai[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,9(1):79-83.]
马钰.2012.蚕豆SSR标记的开发及遗传连锁图谱的构建[D].北京:北京农业科学院.[Ma Y.2012.Development of SSR markers and construction of genetic linkage maps in Vicia faba L.[D].Beijing:Beijing Academy of Agricultural Sciences.]
欧阳裕元,余东梅,杨梅.2016.蚕豆主要农艺性状与单株产量的相关及通径分析[J].江苏农业学报,32(4):763-768.[Ouyang Y Y,Yu D M,Yang M.2016.Correlation and path analysis of main agronomic traits and yield per plant of Vicia faba[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Journal,32(4):763-768.]
王海飞,关建平,孙雪莲,马钰,宗绪晓.2011.世界蚕豆种质资源遗传多样性和相似性的ISSR分析[J].中国农业科学,44(5):1056-1062.[Wang H F,Guan J P,Sun X L,Ma Y,Zong X X.2011.Genetic diversity and similarity of global faba bean(Vcia faba L.)germplasm revealed by ISSR markers[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,44(5):1056-1062.]
王海飞,宗绪晓.2011.蚕豆种质资源、抗病育种和qtl定位及抗逆性研究进展[J].植物遗传资源学报,12(2):259-270.[Wang H F,Zong X X.2010.Advances in research of genetic resources,breeding and QTL for disease resistance and resistance to abiotic stresses on Vicia faba[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resource,12(2):259-270.]
王晓娟,祁旭升,王兴荣.2009.蚕豆种质资源主要性状遗传多样性分析[J].农业现代化研究,30(5):633-636.[Wang X J,Qi X S,Wang X R.2009.Genetic diversity analysis of main agronomic characters in faba bean germplasm[J].Resrarch of Agricultural Modernization,30(5):633-636.]
徐东旭,姜翠棉,宗绪晓.2010.蚕豆种质资源形态标记遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,11(4):399-406.[Xu D X,Jiang C M,Zong X X.2010.Phenotypic diversity of faba bean(Vicia faba L.)germplasm resources[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,11(4):399-406.]
杨生华,刘荣,杨涛,张红岩,杜萌莹,宗绪晓.2016.蚕豆种质资源种子表型性状精准评价[J].中国蔬菜,1(10):32-40.[Yang S H,Liu R,Yang T,Zhang H Y,Du M Y,Zong X X.2016.Accurate evaluation of seed phenotypic traits of Vicia faba germplasm[J].China Vegetables,1(10):32-40.]
余莉,张时龙,李清超,杨珊,王昭礼,吴宪志,卢运,赵龙.2015.秋播蚕豆主要农艺性状的主成分分析[J].中国农学通报,31(27):108-113.[Yu L,Zhang S L,Li Q C,Yang S,Wang Z L,Wu X Z,Lu Y,Zhao L.2015.Principal component analysis of main agronomic traits in autumn Vicia faba[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,31(27):108-113.]
宗绪晓.2006.蚕豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社.[Zong X X.2006.Specification and Data Standard for Describing the Resources of Vicia faba germplasm[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Publishing House.]
Li L,Liu C Y,Chen H W,Chen H W,Wan Z H,Liu L J,Wu G H,Li D G.2017.Identification of faba bean(Vicia faba L.)germplasm resources in Hubei Province and evaluation on their main agronomic traits[J].Agricultural Basic Science and Technology,18(12):2219-2222.
陈宏伟,李莉,刘昌燕,万正煌,沙爱华.2016.129份湖北蚕豆地方种质的子粒外观及品质性状分析[J].湖北农业科学,55(24):6377-6380.[Chen H W,Li L,Liu C Y,Wan Z H,Sha A H.2016.Analysis of grain appearance and quality traits of 129 local germplasms of Vicia faba in Hubei[J].Hubei Agricultural Science,55(24):6377-6380.]
崔世友,缪亚梅.2004.蚕豆产量研究与高产育种[J].湖北农学院学报,24(1):11-14.[Cui S Y,Miao Y M.2004.Study on the yield of Vicia faba and high yield breeding[J].Journal of Hubei Agricultural College,24(1):11-14.]
丁自立,姚明华,焦春海.2014.非洲农作物种质资源的抢救性引进与合作研究[J].湖北农业科学,53(19):4525-4528.[Ding Z L,Yao M H,Jiao C H.2014.Rescue introduction and cooperation of African crop germplasm resources[J].Hubei Agricultural Science,53(19):4525-4528.]
康智明,郑开斌,徐晓俞,李爱萍.2015.不同蚕豆品种农艺及品质性状的遗传多样性分析[J].福建农业学报,30(3):249-252.[Kang Z M,Zheng K B,Xu X Y,Li A P.2015.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,30(3):249-252.]
李莉,万正煌,陈宏伟,仲建锋,伍广洪.2013.外引蚕豆种质资源鉴定与形态多样性[J].湖北农业科学,52(23):5700-5704.[Li L,Wan Z H,Chen H W,Zhong J F,Wu G H.2013.Identification and morphological diversity of introduced Vicia faba germplasm resources[J].Hubei A-gricultural Science,52(23):5700-5704.]
李艳花,陈红,王萍,杜成章,张继君.2018.蚕豆高代材料单株产量与农艺性状的相关和通径分析[J].江苏农业科学,46(20):79-81.[Li Y H,Chen H,Wang P,Du C Z,Zhang J J.2018.The correlation and path analysis between yield per plant and agronomic traits of high-generation Vicia faba materials[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Science,46(20):79-81.]
刘玉皎,宗绪晓.2008.青海蚕豆种质资源形态多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,9(1):79-83.[Liu Y J,Zong XX.2008.Morphological diversity analysis of faba bean germplasm resources from Qinghai[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,9(1):79-83.]
马钰.2012.蚕豆SSR标记的开发及遗传连锁图谱的构建[D].北京:北京农业科学院.[Ma Y.2012.Development of SSR markers and construction of genetic linkage maps in Vicia faba L.[D].Beijing:Beijing Academy of Agricultural Sciences.]
欧阳裕元,余东梅,杨梅.2016.蚕豆主要农艺性状与单株产量的相关及通径分析[J].江苏农业学报,32(4):763-768.[Ouyang Y Y,Yu D M,Yang M.2016.Correlation and path analysis of main agronomic traits and yield per plant of Vicia faba[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Journal,32(4):763-768.]
王海飞,关建平,孙雪莲,马钰,宗绪晓.2011.世界蚕豆种质资源遗传多样性和相似性的ISSR分析[J].中国农业科学,44(5):1056-1062.[Wang H F,Guan J P,Sun X L,Ma Y,Zong X X.2011.Genetic diversity and similarity of global faba bean(Vcia faba L.)germplasm revealed by ISSR markers[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,44(5):1056-1062.]
王海飞,宗绪晓.2011.蚕豆种质资源、抗病育种和qtl定位及抗逆性研究进展[J].植物遗传资源学报,12(2):259-270.[Wang H F,Zong X X.2010.Advances in research of genetic resources,breeding and QTL for disease resistance and resistance to abiotic stresses on Vicia faba[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resource,12(2):259-270.]
王晓娟,祁旭升,王兴荣.2009.蚕豆种质资源主要性状遗传多样性分析[J].农业现代化研究,30(5):633-636.[Wang X J,Qi X S,Wang X R.2009.Genetic diversity analysis of main agronomic characters in faba bean germplasm[J].Resrarch of Agricultural Modernization,30(5):633-636.]
徐东旭,姜翠棉,宗绪晓.2010.蚕豆种质资源形态标记遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,11(4):399-406.[Xu D X,Jiang C M,Zong X X.2010.Phenotypic diversity of faba bean(Vicia faba L.)germplasm resources[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,11(4):399-406.]
杨生华,刘荣,杨涛,张红岩,杜萌莹,宗绪晓.2016.蚕豆种质资源种子表型性状精准评价[J].中国蔬菜,1(10):32-40.[Yang S H,Liu R,Yang T,Zhang H Y,Du M Y,Zong X X.2016.Accurate evaluation of seed phenotypic traits of Vicia faba germplasm[J].China Vegetables,1(10):32-40.]
余莉,张时龙,李清超,杨珊,王昭礼,吴宪志,卢运,赵龙.2015.秋播蚕豆主要农艺性状的主成分分析[J].中国农学通报,31(27):108-113.[Yu L,Zhang S L,Li Q C,Yang S,Wang Z L,Wu X Z,Lu Y,Zhao L.2015.Principal component analysis of main agronomic traits in autumn Vicia faba[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,31(27):108-113.]
宗绪晓.2006.蚕豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社.[Zong X X.2006.Specification and Data Standard for Describing the Resources of Vicia faba germplasm[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Publishing House.]
Li L,Liu C Y,Chen H W,Chen H W,Wan Z H,Liu L J,Wu G H,Li D G.2017.Identification of faba bean(Vicia faba L.)germplasm resources in Hubei Province and evaluation on their main agronomic traits[J].Agricultural Basic Science and Technology,18(12):2219-2222.