铬胁迫下平菇对铬的富集及生长特性研究
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摘要
通过瓶装栽培的方法研究在不同浓度(5、50、250、500 mg/kg) Cr~(3+)胁迫下,平菇对铬的吸收、富集作用以及铬对其生长特性(鲜重、干重、菌丝生长速度、生物学效率等)的影响。结果表明,栽培料中添加5～250 mg/kg Cr~(3+)对平菇的生物量和生长有促进作用,250 mg/kg达到最大,Cr~(3+)浓度为500 mg/kg时起抑制作用;平菇子实体的Cr~(3+)富集含量随Cr~(3+)浓度的增加而增加,栽培料添加500 mg/kg Cr~(3+)平菇子实体含量已超过国家食用安全标准。
Bottled cultivation was used to study the bioaccumulation of chromium by Pleurotus ostreatus and the effects of the growth characteristics(fresh weight,dry weight,sporophore growth rate and biological efficiency) under the stress of Cr~(3+) with different concentrations(5,50,250,500 mg/kg).The results showed that the growth characteristics of Pleurotus ostreatus could be promoted by adding Cr~(3+) at the concentration of 5-250 mg/kg,and 250 mg/kg reached the maximum.When chromium concentration reached 500 mg/kg,it inhibited the growth characteristics of Pleurotus ostreatus.The concentration of Cr~(3+) in sporophore of Pleurotus ostreatus increased with the increase of Cr~(3+) concentration in planting material,and 500 mg/kg exceeded the food safety standard.
Bottled cultivation was used to study the bioaccumulation of chromium by Pleurotus ostreatus and the effects of the growth characteristics(fresh weight,dry weight,sporophore growth rate and biological efficiency) under the stress of Cr~(3+) with different concentrations(5,50,250,500 mg/kg).The results showed that the growth characteristics of Pleurotus ostreatus could be promoted by adding Cr~(3+) at the concentration of 5-250 mg/kg,and 250 mg/kg reached the maximum.When chromium concentration reached 500 mg/kg,it inhibited the growth characteristics of Pleurotus ostreatus.The concentration of Cr~(3+) in sporophore of Pleurotus ostreatus increased with the increase of Cr~(3+) concentration in planting material,and 500 mg/kg exceeded the food safety standard.
引文
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[15] TURNAU K,KOTTKE I,DEXHEIMER J,et al.Element distribution in mycelium of Pisolithus tinctorius treated with cadmium dust[J].Ann Bot,1994,74(2):137-142.
[16] BALDRIAN P,GABRIEL J.Lignocellulose degradation by Pleurotus ostreatus in the presence of cadmium[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2003,220(2):235-240.
[17] 孙远明.食品营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:423-424.
[2] 邵满超,陈城超,陈康,等.广州市石牌市场食用菌重金属含量及评价[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(23):12673-12675.
[3] 吴庆其,吴学谦,魏海龙,等.金针菇的重金属富集作用与累积规律的研究[C]//第二届全国食用菌中青年专家学术交流会论文集.北京:中国菌物学会,2008:205-210.
[4] 唐海燕,肖清贵,徐红彬,等.有机铬营养生物学研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(12):378-383.
[5] 李雪,严全鸿,李祎.不同价态铬检测技术及废水、明胶、皮革及织物前处理方法的研究进展[J].药学研究,2016,35(10):605-606,613.
[6] 陈伟珍,苏文义,杨桂珍,等.微波消解ICP-AES联用测定食用菌中锌、铁、锰和铜的含量[J].食用菌学报,2012,19(2):69-72.
[7] 杨小红,胡清秀,韩立荣.平菇对培养料中有害重金属的富集及临界含量值研究[J].食用菌学报,2009,16(3):67-71.
[8] 陈庆榆,张娟.Cr+3元素在平菇栽培中的应用研究[J].中国林副特产,2005(5):41-42.
[9] 柴红梅,汪禄祥,和丽忠,等.黑木耳菌丝及子实体对铬的富集研究[J].中国食用菌,2012,31(5):45-48.
[10] 周启星,安鑫龙,魏树和.大型真菌重金属污染生态学研究进展与展望[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(8):1848-1853.
[11] LEYVAL C,TURNAU K,HASELWANDTER K.Inhibition of heavy metal pollution on mycorrhizal colonization and function:Physiological,ecological and applied aspects[J].Mycorrhiza,1997,7(3):139-153.
[12] BAKER A J M.Metal tolerance[J].New Phytol,1987,106:93-111.
[13] TURNAU K,KOTTKE I,DEXHEIMER J.Toxic element filtering in Rhizopogon roseolus/Pinus sylvestris mycorrhizas collected from calamine dumps[J].Mycol Res,1996,100(1):16-22.
[14] GALLI U,SCHüEPP H,BRUNOLD C.Heavy metal binding by mycorrhizal fungi[J].Physiol Plant,1994,92(2):364-368.
[15] TURNAU K,KOTTKE I,DEXHEIMER J,et al.Element distribution in mycelium of Pisolithus tinctorius treated with cadmium dust[J].Ann Bot,1994,74(2):137-142.
[16] BALDRIAN P,GABRIEL J.Lignocellulose degradation by Pleurotus ostreatus in the presence of cadmium[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2003,220(2):235-240.
[17] 孙远明.食品营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:423-424.