河流相辫—曲河型转换控制因素与控制机理——以东营凹陷青西地区馆陶组为例
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摘要
为探讨辫状河向曲流河转换的控制因素和控制机理,以东营凹陷青西地区馆陶组为例,在层序地层学和沉积学的理论指导下,在层序划分与沉积相特征研究的基础上,通过测井相模式的建立,利用岩屑录井资料研究岩性,对馆陶组辫状河—曲流河(辫—曲)转换进行了成因分析与特征总结,研究表明,基准面旋回、构造和地形坡度及古气候4个方面控制着河流辫—曲转换的过程,明确了辫—曲转换的沉积特征.在沉积早期研究区发育辫状河,后期转变为曲流河并逐渐萎缩,研究区馆陶沉积期早期地形高差大,断层少量发育,且气候温暖湿润,地表径流大且水流能量大,向源侵蚀强烈,再加上物源供给充足,形成辫状河沉积,砂体粒度粗分选差,到了晚期地势逐渐变缓,气候干旱,河道下切能力增强,基准面上升,加上物源区变远,物源供应不足,逐渐转化为曲流河,砂体粒度变细分选变好.
In order to explore the control factors and control mechanism of the transition from braided river to meander river,we took Guantao Formation in Qingxi area as example. Guided by the theory of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology,based on the study of sequence division and sedimentary facies characteristics,we established the logging phase patterns,using cuttings logging data to study lithology. We analyzed and concluded the cause and features of the change transition between meandering and braided river patterns. We presented four control factors(structure,climate,provenance and base level change),which influence the transition between meandering and braided river patterns. The sedimentary characteristics has been made clear. Our research shows that,in the early sedimentary stage,braided river exited,terrain elevation difference was big,faults developed,climate was warm and humid,surface runoff was big and flow energy was great. However,in the late sedimentary stage,the river pattern changed to meandering river and became gradually shrinking,terrain became flatter,climate became drier,fluvial incision went further headward,the provenance was with more distance,the base level rose,and particles of sand bodies became finer with better sorting.
In order to explore the control factors and control mechanism of the transition from braided river to meander river,we took Guantao Formation in Qingxi area as example. Guided by the theory of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology,based on the study of sequence division and sedimentary facies characteristics,we established the logging phase patterns,using cuttings logging data to study lithology. We analyzed and concluded the cause and features of the change transition between meandering and braided river patterns. We presented four control factors(structure,climate,provenance and base level change),which influence the transition between meandering and braided river patterns. The sedimentary characteristics has been made clear. Our research shows that,in the early sedimentary stage,braided river exited,terrain elevation difference was big,faults developed,climate was warm and humid,surface runoff was big and flow energy was great. However,in the late sedimentary stage,the river pattern changed to meandering river and became gradually shrinking,terrain became flatter,climate became drier,fluvial incision went further headward,the provenance was with more distance,the base level rose,and particles of sand bodies became finer with better sorting.
引文
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[14]严德天,王华,王清晨.中国东部第三系典型断陷盆地幕式构造旋回及层序地层特征[J].石油学报,2008,29(2):185-190.
[15]马莉娟,何新贞,王淑玲,等.东营凹陷沉降史分析与构造充填演化[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000(6):786-794,820.
[16]郭兴伟,施小斌,丘学林,等.济阳坳陷新生代构造沉降特征[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006(3):6-11.
[17]陈景山,彭军,周彦,等.基准面旋回层序与油层单元划分关系[J].西南石油大学学报,2007(2):162-165,196.
[18]邓宏文,王红亮,阎伟鹏,等.河流相层序地层构成模式探讨[J].沉积学报,2004(3):373-379.
[19]国景星.陈家庄地区馆陶组高分辨率层序地层分析及沉积微相研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(2):1-5,10.
[20]国景星,戴启德,狄明信,等.济阳坳陷上第三系馆陶组上段沉积相研究[J].地质论评,1994(S1):145-153.
[21]国景星,郭卫萍,刘斌楠,等.惠民凹陷大芦家地区馆陶组三段沉积微相类型及空间展布[J].地球科学与环境学报,2015(1):66-75.
[22]国景星,刘斌楠.饶阳凹陷留西地区馆陶组沉积相研究[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(9):76-80,108.
[23]林松辉,王华,张桂霞,等.东营凹陷西部潜山油气藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(4):360-363.
[24]李云荣.东营凹陷北部陡坡带构造及沉积岩相特征分析[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2013.
[25]李阳,蔡进功,刘建民.东营凹陷下第三系高分辨率层序地层研究[J].沉积学报,2002(2):210-216.
[26]田美荣.东营凹陷新近系馆陶组层序地层格架[J].油气地质与采收率,2010(2):1-3,8,111.
[27]武法东,陈建渝,刘从印,等.东营凹陷第三纪层序地层格架及沉积体系类型[J].现代地质,1998(4):104-111.
[28]王中文,苑雪阁,白光勇.济阳坳陷馆陶期水系及沉积环境分析[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1993(3):12-18.
[29]杨其栋,魏欣伟,王峰,等.济阳坳陷馆陶组层序地层研究[J].山东国土资源,2014(1):8-12.
[30]张勇,国景星.辫状河心滩特征及其与河道充填的识别——以大芦家地区馆三段为例[J].石油天然气学报,2011(10):25-29,165.
[31]张荣红,余素玉,邬金华.陆相湖盆中沉积物供给因素对层序地层分析的影响——以东营凹陷下第三系为例[J].地球科学,1997(2):25-30.
[32]付斌,杨映洲,邹丽蓉.时频分析方法在识别河流相层序中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(4):89-94.
[33]许杰,董宁,宁俊瑞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田盒3段辫状河道沉积相预测[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(2):90-94.
[34]孙国强,谢梅,张永庶,等.柴北缘马北地区下干柴沟组下段沉积特征及演化[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(6):56-61.
[35]白振华,詹燕涛,王赢,等.苏里格气田苏14井区盒8段河流相砂体展布与演化规律研究[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(1):56-62.
[2]谭程鹏,于兴河,李胜利,等.辫状河—曲流河转换模式探讨——以准噶尔盆地南缘头屯河组露头为例[J].沉积学报,2014,32(3):450-458.
[3]CARSON M A.The meandering-braided river threshold:a reappraisal[J].Journal of Hydrology,1984,73(3):315-334.
[4]VAN-DEN-BERG J H,SCHUURMAN F,KLEINHANS M G,et al.The meandering-braided river pattern transition explained empirically and with a 2D morphodynamics model[C]//AGU Fall Meeting,December 13-17,2010,San Francisco,California.USA:AGU 2010.
[5]谢锐杰,漆家福,王永诗,等.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷北部地区新生代构造演化特征研究[J].石油实验地质,2004(5):427-431.
[6]张世奇,纪友亮.东营凹陷早第三纪古气候变化对层序发育的控制[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1998(6):29-33.
[7]谭俊敏,杨国权.地层超覆油藏勘探技术在陈家庄地区馆陶组的应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(3):43-48.
[8]王伟.东营凹陷青坨子凸起馆陶组沉积相演化特征及相模式[J].石油天然气学报,2009(3):167-170,6.
[9]潘元林,宗国洪,郭玉新,等.济阳断陷湖盆层序地层学及砂砾岩油气藏群[J].石油学报,2003,24(3):16-23.
[10]吴智平,李伟,任拥军,等.济阳坳陷中生代盆地演化及其与新生代盆地叠合关系探讨[J].地质学报,2003,77(2):280-286.
[11]孙龙德.东营凹陷北部斜坡带沙三一四段砂砾岩体与油气聚集[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):278-282.
[12]冯有良,李思田.东营凹陷沙河街组三段层序低位域砂体沉积特征[J].地质论评,2001,47(3):278-286.
[13]孙耀庭,张世奇,刘金华,等.陆相可容空间变化及层序发育控制因素分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2005(1):3-5,81.
[14]严德天,王华,王清晨.中国东部第三系典型断陷盆地幕式构造旋回及层序地层特征[J].石油学报,2008,29(2):185-190.
[15]马莉娟,何新贞,王淑玲,等.东营凹陷沉降史分析与构造充填演化[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000(6):786-794,820.
[16]郭兴伟,施小斌,丘学林,等.济阳坳陷新生代构造沉降特征[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006(3):6-11.
[17]陈景山,彭军,周彦,等.基准面旋回层序与油层单元划分关系[J].西南石油大学学报,2007(2):162-165,196.
[18]邓宏文,王红亮,阎伟鹏,等.河流相层序地层构成模式探讨[J].沉积学报,2004(3):373-379.
[19]国景星.陈家庄地区馆陶组高分辨率层序地层分析及沉积微相研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(2):1-5,10.
[20]国景星,戴启德,狄明信,等.济阳坳陷上第三系馆陶组上段沉积相研究[J].地质论评,1994(S1):145-153.
[21]国景星,郭卫萍,刘斌楠,等.惠民凹陷大芦家地区馆陶组三段沉积微相类型及空间展布[J].地球科学与环境学报,2015(1):66-75.
[22]国景星,刘斌楠.饶阳凹陷留西地区馆陶组沉积相研究[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(9):76-80,108.
[23]林松辉,王华,张桂霞,等.东营凹陷西部潜山油气藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(4):360-363.
[24]李云荣.东营凹陷北部陡坡带构造及沉积岩相特征分析[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2013.
[25]李阳,蔡进功,刘建民.东营凹陷下第三系高分辨率层序地层研究[J].沉积学报,2002(2):210-216.
[26]田美荣.东营凹陷新近系馆陶组层序地层格架[J].油气地质与采收率,2010(2):1-3,8,111.
[27]武法东,陈建渝,刘从印,等.东营凹陷第三纪层序地层格架及沉积体系类型[J].现代地质,1998(4):104-111.
[28]王中文,苑雪阁,白光勇.济阳坳陷馆陶期水系及沉积环境分析[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1993(3):12-18.
[29]杨其栋,魏欣伟,王峰,等.济阳坳陷馆陶组层序地层研究[J].山东国土资源,2014(1):8-12.
[30]张勇,国景星.辫状河心滩特征及其与河道充填的识别——以大芦家地区馆三段为例[J].石油天然气学报,2011(10):25-29,165.
[31]张荣红,余素玉,邬金华.陆相湖盆中沉积物供给因素对层序地层分析的影响——以东营凹陷下第三系为例[J].地球科学,1997(2):25-30.
[32]付斌,杨映洲,邹丽蓉.时频分析方法在识别河流相层序中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(4):89-94.
[33]许杰,董宁,宁俊瑞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田盒3段辫状河道沉积相预测[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(2):90-94.
[34]孙国强,谢梅,张永庶,等.柴北缘马北地区下干柴沟组下段沉积特征及演化[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(6):56-61.
[35]白振华,詹燕涛,王赢,等.苏里格气田苏14井区盒8段河流相砂体展布与演化规律研究[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(1):56-62.