河流生态修复工程安全性分析及评价指标体系构建初探
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摘要
河流生态修复工程应根据河流类型、功能、规模等确定生态修复目的,并确定其安全性标准及设计频率。生态修复工程应对其抗冲刷性、耐久性和耐淹没性等安全性指标进行评价分析。通过综合分析国内外相关设计手册及常规做法,在尽量与防洪标准相一致基础上,提出了安全性评价指标体系,并根据生态修复措施分区布设原则,以维持长期稳定的河流生态系统为目的,对永定河"五湖一线"生态修复工程的措施布局进行了初步分析。
The river ecological restoration projects should determine the ecological restoration purpose according to the river type,function and scale,and then to determine its safety standard and the design frequency. The ecological restoration projects should be evaluated and analyzed for their safety indexes such as erosion resistance,durability and flood resistance.Based on the comprehensive analysis of relevant design manuals and conventional practices in Chian and abroad, the safety evaluation index system is put forward on the basis of reference with flood control standards. According to the principle of zoning ecological restoration measures,the safety standard of the ecological restoration project of Yongding River is preliminarily evaluated for the purpose of maintaining a long-term stable river ecosystem.
The river ecological restoration projects should determine the ecological restoration purpose according to the river type,function and scale,and then to determine its safety standard and the design frequency. The ecological restoration projects should be evaluated and analyzed for their safety indexes such as erosion resistance,durability and flood resistance.Based on the comprehensive analysis of relevant design manuals and conventional practices in Chian and abroad, the safety evaluation index system is put forward on the basis of reference with flood control standards. According to the principle of zoning ecological restoration measures,the safety standard of the ecological restoration project of Yongding River is preliminarily evaluated for the purpose of maintaining a long-term stable river ecosystem.
引文
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[4]The U.S.Army Corps of Engineers.Bioengineering for Streambank Erosion Control[R].1997.
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[7]董哲仁,孙东亚.生态水利工程原理与技术[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007.
[8]The River Restoration Center of England.MANUAL of River Restoration Techniques[R].2002.
[9]王兆印,刘成,余国安,等.河流水沙生态综合管理[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[10]日本多自然河流建设研究会.中小型河流修复标准说明[R].2008.
[11]日本财团法人河道整治中心.多自然型河流建设的施工方法及要点[M].周怀东,杜霞,李怡庭,等译.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003.
[12]李青支,张建民.长江堤防工程安全评价的理论方法和实现策略[J].中国工程科学,2005(6):7-13.
[13]董哲仁.试论生态水利工程的基本设计原则[J].水利学报,2004(10):1-6.
[14]朱文星,邓卓智.简述永定河城市段的生态修复[J].水利科技与经济,2012,18(2):19-21.
[15]杨琼,张敏秋,周志华,等.永定河绿色生态走廊建设工程中减渗方案的设计与思考[J].北京水务,2011(2):1-3.