青海湟水河上游大型底栖动物群落结构分析
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摘要
为掌握湟水河上游大型底栖动物群落结构,2016年枯水季(4月)和丰水季(7月)对湟水河上游18个样点进行采样、鉴定及数据分析。结果表明:共采集鉴定46种8 595头,其中优势种为蜉蝣目四节蜉科Betide四节蜉属Baetis sp.(26.69%)等15种;稀有种为蜉蝣目扁蜉科Heptageniidae赞蜉属Paegniodes sp.等5种,各占0.01%。湟水河上游枯水季大型底栖动物40种4 961头,丰水季31种3 634头。在湟水河流域3种土地利用类型下大型底栖动物种类表现草地(27种)>城市用地(25种)>农地(23种);数量表现农地(3 260头)>城市用地(2 352头)>草地(1 206头)。通过系统调查分析,初步确定了青海湟水河上游大型底栖动物的群落结构。
In order to master the community structure of macrobenthos in the upper reaches of Huangshui river,sampling,identification and date analysis of 18 samples in the upper reaches of the Huangshui river between the dry-season(April)and the wet-season(July)in 2016.The results show that a total of 46 species of 8 595 heads were collected and identified,among which the dominant species were 15 species of Betide Baetis sp.(26.69%),and the rare species were Heptageniidae Paegniodes sp.and other 5 species,each accounting for 0.01%.There are 40 kinds of 4 961 heads benthic animals in the dry season of the upper reaches of the Huangshui river,and 31 kinds of 3 634 heads benthic animals in the wet season.Under the three types of land use in the Huangshui river basin,the species of macrobenthos are as follows:grassland(27 species)>farmland land(25 species)>urban land(23 species);the quantity is:farmland land(3 260 heads)>urban land(2 352 heads)>grassland(1 206 heads).Through systematic investigation and analysis,the community structure was preliminary determined of macrobenthos in Qinghai Huangshui river.
In order to master the community structure of macrobenthos in the upper reaches of Huangshui river,sampling,identification and date analysis of 18 samples in the upper reaches of the Huangshui river between the dry-season(April)and the wet-season(July)in 2016.The results show that a total of 46 species of 8 595 heads were collected and identified,among which the dominant species were 15 species of Betide Baetis sp.(26.69%),and the rare species were Heptageniidae Paegniodes sp.and other 5 species,each accounting for 0.01%.There are 40 kinds of 4 961 heads benthic animals in the dry season of the upper reaches of the Huangshui river,and 31 kinds of 3 634 heads benthic animals in the wet season.Under the three types of land use in the Huangshui river basin,the species of macrobenthos are as follows:grassland(27 species)>farmland land(25 species)>urban land(23 species);the quantity is:farmland land(3 260 heads)>urban land(2 352 heads)>grassland(1 206 heads).Through systematic investigation and analysis,the community structure was preliminary determined of macrobenthos in Qinghai Huangshui river.
引文
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[4] 赵串串,董旭,辛文荣,等.青海湟水河流域水土流失原因及防治措施分析[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(6):200-202.
[5] 李小玲,王海芳.湟水流域水质自动监测存在的问题及建议[J].青海环境,2016,26(4):193-195.
[6] 杨增元,相华,王志远,等.基于底栖动物群落的时空特征分析群落驱动要素及河流健康状况[J].治淮,2017(12):65-67.
[7] 陶思明.河流生态系统与河流类型自然保护区建设[J].环境保护,2000(3):27-30
[8] 孙伟胜,顾钱洪,董静,等.淮河流域板桥水库大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(9):2843-2851.
[9] 殷旭旺,徐宗学,高欣,等.渭河流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(1):218-226.
[10] ALLAN J D,ERICKSON D L,FAY J.The influence of catchment land use on stream integrity acro ss multiple spatial scales[J].Freshwater Biology,1997,37:149-161.
[11] GLEICK P H.Water in crisis:paths to aust ainable water use[J].Ecological Applications,1998,8(3):571-579.
[12] 王艳杰.辽河流域底栖动物群落特征与生境指标关系[D].沈阳:辽宁大学,2012.
[13] 殷旭旺,李庆南,朱美桦,等.渭河丰、枯水期底栖动物群落特征及综合健康评价[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4784-4796.
[14] 李法云,郎红伟,王艳杰,等.辽河流域典型支流土地利用方式对大型底栖动物群落时空分布特征的影响[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(3):767-777.
[15] 沈洪艳,曹志会,王冰,等.农田对太子河大型底栖动物群落的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(4):1205-1215.