含CO_2甲酸盐完井液中超级13Cr不锈钢的局部腐蚀性能
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摘要
在深井及超深井中,超级13Cr油管失效的情况时有发生。为确定超级13Cr油管在井下环境中发生点蚀及局部腐蚀的风险,采用高温高压腐蚀试验方法研究了模拟井筒环境下超级13Cr油管的表面腐蚀形貌,并通过微区电化学扫描开尔文探针(SKP)方法研究了超级13Cr在饱和CO2环境中的电位分布。通过腐蚀形貌观察发现,在高温环境下,试样表面出现明显的局部腐蚀现象。而SKP扫描结果也表明,随着浸泡时间的增加,阳极区与阴极区电位差值逐渐变大,并出现明显的电位峰值,局部腐蚀不断加速。
In order to confirm the risk that super 13 Cr martensitic stainless steels fail for pit-corrosion and localized corrosion at under wellbore environments,the morphology of surface corrosion of super 13 Cr was studied by high temperature and high pressure corrosion test method that simulated wellbore environments. The potential distribution of super 13 Cr in saturated CO2 was investigated by micro region electrochemical scanning Kelvin probe( SKP) method. Results showed that obvious localized corrosion was observed on the sample surface under high temperature. The results of SKP method presented that the difference of potential between anode and cathode increased gradually with the increase of soaking time,which exhibited an obvious peak of potential,and the localized corrosion was accelerated continuously.
In order to confirm the risk that super 13 Cr martensitic stainless steels fail for pit-corrosion and localized corrosion at under wellbore environments,the morphology of surface corrosion of super 13 Cr was studied by high temperature and high pressure corrosion test method that simulated wellbore environments. The potential distribution of super 13 Cr in saturated CO2 was investigated by micro region electrochemical scanning Kelvin probe( SKP) method. Results showed that obvious localized corrosion was observed on the sample surface under high temperature. The results of SKP method presented that the difference of potential between anode and cathode increased gradually with the increase of soaking time,which exhibited an obvious peak of potential,and the localized corrosion was accelerated continuously.
引文
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[4]张智,刘志伟,谢玉洪,等.井筒载荷-腐蚀耦合作用对碳钢套管服役寿命的影响[J].石油学报,2017,38(3):342-347.
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[10]马元泰,雷冰,李瑛,等.模拟酸化压裂环境下超级13Cr油管的点蚀速率[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2013,25(4):347-349.
[11]宋文文,金伟,耿海龙,等.油田酸化环境下超级13Cr、15Cr不锈钢的点蚀速率研究[J].全面腐蚀控制,2016,30(3):62-65.
[12]马元泰,雷冰,李瑛,等.在模拟KS2井采出水环境中超级13Cr油管钢点蚀的分布规律[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2013,25(3):250-252.
[13] STRATMANN M. The investigation of the corrosion properties of metals,covered with adsorbed electrolyte layers—A new experimental technique[J]. Corrosion Science,1987,27(8):869-872.
[14] STRATMANN M,STRECKEL H. On the atmospheric corrosion of metals which are covered with thin electrolyte layers—II. Experimental results[J]. Corrosion Science,1990,30(6/7):697-714.
[15]安英辉,董超芳,肖葵,等. Kelvin探针测量技术在电化学研究中的应用进展[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2008,20(6):440-444.
[16]王燕华,张涛,王佳,等. Kelvin探头参比电极技术在大气腐蚀研究中的应用[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2004,24(1):59-64.
[17]肖葵,董超芳,李晓刚,等.采用开尔文扫描探针技术研究镁合金偶接铜合金的电偶腐蚀规律[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(8):1 023-1 028.
[18] ALMARSHAD A I,JAMAL D. Electrochemical investigations of pitting corrosion behaviour of type UNS S31603stainless steel in thiosulfate-chloride environment[J]. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry,2004,34(1):67-70.
[19] TARANTSEVA K R. Models and methods of forecasting pitting corrosion[J]. Protection of Metals&Physical Chemistry of Surfaces,2010,46(1):139-147.
[20] BATISTA S R F,KURI S E. Aspects of selective and pitting corrosion in cast duplex stainless steels[J]. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials,2004,51(3):205-208.
[2] HOWARD S. Effect of Stress Level on the SCC Behavior of Martensitic Stainless Steel during HT Exposure to Formate Brines:CORROSION 2016[C]. British Columbia:NACE International,2016.
[3]王献昉.含铬油套管钢的CO2腐蚀点蚀特征研究[J].腐蚀与防护,2002,23(12):27-29.
[4]张智,刘志伟,谢玉洪,等.井筒载荷-腐蚀耦合作用对碳钢套管服役寿命的影响[J].石油学报,2017,38(3):342-347.
[5]尹宝俊,赵文轸,张延玲,等.长庆H油井套管的腐蚀与开裂机理研究[J].石油矿场机械,2004,33(5):28-33.
[6]田红政.富含CO2凝析气井的腐蚀与防腐技术[J].海洋石油,2006(2):68-74.
[7]崔铭伟,曹学文.腐蚀缺陷对中高强度油气管道失效压力的影响[J].石油学报,2012,33(6):1 086-1 092.
[8]周贤良,聂轮,华小珍,等. 15-5PH不锈钢初期点蚀的电化学特性[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2012,32(5):423-427.
[9]赵章明.油气井腐蚀防护与材质选择指南[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:108-119.
[10]马元泰,雷冰,李瑛,等.模拟酸化压裂环境下超级13Cr油管的点蚀速率[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2013,25(4):347-349.
[11]宋文文,金伟,耿海龙,等.油田酸化环境下超级13Cr、15Cr不锈钢的点蚀速率研究[J].全面腐蚀控制,2016,30(3):62-65.
[12]马元泰,雷冰,李瑛,等.在模拟KS2井采出水环境中超级13Cr油管钢点蚀的分布规律[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2013,25(3):250-252.
[13] STRATMANN M. The investigation of the corrosion properties of metals,covered with adsorbed electrolyte layers—A new experimental technique[J]. Corrosion Science,1987,27(8):869-872.
[14] STRATMANN M,STRECKEL H. On the atmospheric corrosion of metals which are covered with thin electrolyte layers—II. Experimental results[J]. Corrosion Science,1990,30(6/7):697-714.
[15]安英辉,董超芳,肖葵,等. Kelvin探针测量技术在电化学研究中的应用进展[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2008,20(6):440-444.
[16]王燕华,张涛,王佳,等. Kelvin探头参比电极技术在大气腐蚀研究中的应用[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2004,24(1):59-64.
[17]肖葵,董超芳,李晓刚,等.采用开尔文扫描探针技术研究镁合金偶接铜合金的电偶腐蚀规律[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(8):1 023-1 028.
[18] ALMARSHAD A I,JAMAL D. Electrochemical investigations of pitting corrosion behaviour of type UNS S31603stainless steel in thiosulfate-chloride environment[J]. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry,2004,34(1):67-70.
[19] TARANTSEVA K R. Models and methods of forecasting pitting corrosion[J]. Protection of Metals&Physical Chemistry of Surfaces,2010,46(1):139-147.
[20] BATISTA S R F,KURI S E. Aspects of selective and pitting corrosion in cast duplex stainless steels[J]. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials,2004,51(3):205-208.