基于改进广义S变换二次时频谱反褶积在南海工区的应用
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摘要
传统的时频域反褶积模型虽然吻合地震子波在粘弹性介质传播过程中的衰减特征,但受拟合函数和时频分析窗函数的影响,使得其算法缺乏稳定性和准确性。为了避免这一问题,推导出一种基于改进广义S变换二次时频谱反褶积方法。利用改进广义S变换的灵活性来获取非平稳地震记录时频谱,再对其傅里叶变换得到二次时频谱,从而以一种低通滤波的方式提取子波时频谱,实现二次时频谱反褶积。经理论模型论证和实际数据处理结果表明,利用二次时频谱提取子波具有较高的准确性,同时能够有效地分辨薄层,在不用考虑Q值的条件下直接恢复地震波被地层吸收所引起的衰减。
Although the traditional time-frequency domain deconvolution model is consistent with the attenuation characteristics of the seismic wavelet in the viscoelastic medium propagation process, the influence of the fitting function and the time-frequency analysis window function makes the algorithm lack stability and accuracy. In order to avoid this problem, a quadratic time-frequency deconvolution method based on improved generalized S-transform is proposed. Utilize the flexibility of improving generalized S transform to obtain the time-frequency spectrum of non-stationary seismic records,and then the fourier transform to obtain the quadratic time-frequency spectrum and the wavelet time-frequency spectrum is extracted by a low-pass filter, so as to realize quadratic time-frequency spectrum deconvolution. Theoretical model and practical data processing results show that using the quadratic time-frequency spectrum to extract the wavelet has high accuracy, which can effectively distinguish the thin layer and directly restore the attenuation caused by the absorption of stratigraphy without considering the value of Q.
Although the traditional time-frequency domain deconvolution model is consistent with the attenuation characteristics of the seismic wavelet in the viscoelastic medium propagation process, the influence of the fitting function and the time-frequency analysis window function makes the algorithm lack stability and accuracy. In order to avoid this problem, a quadratic time-frequency deconvolution method based on improved generalized S-transform is proposed. Utilize the flexibility of improving generalized S transform to obtain the time-frequency spectrum of non-stationary seismic records,and then the fourier transform to obtain the quadratic time-frequency spectrum and the wavelet time-frequency spectrum is extracted by a low-pass filter, so as to realize quadratic time-frequency spectrum deconvolution. Theoretical model and practical data processing results show that using the quadratic time-frequency spectrum to extract the wavelet has high accuracy, which can effectively distinguish the thin layer and directly restore the attenuation caused by the absorption of stratigraphy without considering the value of Q.
引文
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[5] 王蓉蓉,戴永寿,张亚南,等.非平稳地震记录中地震子波提取方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(2):700-708.WANG R R,DAI Y S,ZAHNG Y N,et al.Time-varying wavelet extraction methods in nonstationary seismogram[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(2):700-708.(In Chinese)
[6] ROSA,A.L.R.,ULRYCH,T J,et al.Processing via spectral modeling[J].Geophysics,1991;56(6):1244-1251.
[7] 周怀来,王元君.时频域动态反褶积方法研究[J].西南石油大学(自然科学版),2015;37(1):1-10.ZHOU H L,WANG Y J.Research of dynamic deconvolution method in time-frequency domain[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2015,37(1):1-10.(In Chinese)
[8] HUAILAI ZHOU,YAMING TIAN,YAN YE,et al.Dynamic deconvolution of seismic data based on generalized S-transform[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2014,10(8):1-11.
[9] HUAILAI ZHOU,CHANGCHENG WANG,KURT J.MARFURT,et al.Enhancing the resolution of non-stationary seismic data using[J],Geophysical Journal International,2016,20(5):203-219.
[10] 陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.广义S变换及其时频滤波[J].信号处理,2008,24(1):28-31.CHEN X H,HE Z H,HUANG D J.Generalized S-transform and its time-frequency filtering[J].Signal Processing,2008,24(1):28-31.(In Chinese)
[11] 李振春,阿力甫江,王德营,等.时频域是变反褶积方法[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(6):2698-2705.LI Z C,A L F J,WANG D Y,et al.Time-varying deconvolution method based on time-frequency domain[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(6):2698-2705.(In Chinese)
[12] 赵波,俞寿朋,聂勋碧,等.谱模拟反褶积及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探.1996,31(1):101-115.ZHAO B,YU S P,NIE X B,et al.Spectralmodeled deconvolution and its application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting.1996,31(1):101-115.(In Chinese)
[13] 唐博文,赵波,吴艳辉,等.一种实现谱模拟反褶积的新途径[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(11):66-70.TANG B W,ZHAO B,WU Y H,et al.A new way to realize spectral modeling deconvolution[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(11):66-70.(In Chinese)