“云油茶3号”等5个油茶品种在师宗县的早期适应性研究
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摘要
为研究"云油茶3号"等5个油茶品种在师宗县的早期引种栽培效果,对5个栽培试验品种的生长量、结果数量、果实性状、种仁脂肪酸组成等23项指标进行了调查分析。结果表明:栽培6年后,5个油茶品种在师宗县不仅生长发育良好,而且长势旺盛,表现出较强的适应性;5个油茶品种平均树高1.52-2.47m、地径1.85-3.18cm、冠幅0.3-0.85m~2、单株结果数23-39个、种仁含油率46.8%-54.2%、油酸含量占80%左右;5个油茶品种的树高、地径、冠幅、单果重、果纵径、两径均值、结果数、出籽率等13项调查指标均存在一定的显著性差异,其中地径差异最大;生长量方面,云油茶9号最优;果实大小以13号最佳;茶油品质则是14号最为优质,且同一个品种并不兼备所有的优良特性;通过模糊综合评判,云油茶9号综合性状品质最佳,其余依次为云油茶13号、云油茶4号、云油茶3号、云油茶14号。
To study the early adaptability of 5 Camellia oleifera varieties in Shizong County,the 23 indexes of growth,fruiting quantities,fruit characters,fatty acid content and other were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that: after 6 years of planting,the fiveCamellia oleiferavarieties had been adapted to the climate and environmental conditions of Shizong County in the early stage,the series of varieties not only grew well but also grew vigorously in the experimental area.The tree heights of the fiveCamellia oleiferavarieties were 1.52-2.47 m,1.85-3.18 cm in diameter of ground,0.3-0.85 m~2 in the width of crown,23-39 fruits per fruit on average,and oil content of seed kernel 46.8%-54.2%,of which oleic acid accounted for about 80%; There were certain significant differences among the remaining ground diameter,crown width,single fruit weight,fruit vertical diameter,average diameter,the number of results,etc.The largest difference was ground diameter.From growth aspect,"Yunyou cha 9"was optimal, forfruit size,"Yunyou cha13"was best, fortea oil quality,"Yunyou cha 13"wasthe best.The same variety does not possess all the excellent characteristics,andonly some of these indicators wereexcellent.Through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,"Yunyou cha 9"had the best comprehensive traits,followed by"Yunyou cha 13","Yunyou cha 4","Yunyou cha 14"and"Yunyou cha 3".
To study the early adaptability of 5 Camellia oleifera varieties in Shizong County,the 23 indexes of growth,fruiting quantities,fruit characters,fatty acid content and other were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that: after 6 years of planting,the fiveCamellia oleiferavarieties had been adapted to the climate and environmental conditions of Shizong County in the early stage,the series of varieties not only grew well but also grew vigorously in the experimental area.The tree heights of the fiveCamellia oleiferavarieties were 1.52-2.47 m,1.85-3.18 cm in diameter of ground,0.3-0.85 m~2 in the width of crown,23-39 fruits per fruit on average,and oil content of seed kernel 46.8%-54.2%,of which oleic acid accounted for about 80%; There were certain significant differences among the remaining ground diameter,crown width,single fruit weight,fruit vertical diameter,average diameter,the number of results,etc.The largest difference was ground diameter.From growth aspect,"Yunyou cha 9"was optimal, forfruit size,"Yunyou cha13"was best, fortea oil quality,"Yunyou cha 13"wasthe best.The same variety does not possess all the excellent characteristics,andonly some of these indicators wereexcellent.Through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,"Yunyou cha 9"had the best comprehensive traits,followed by"Yunyou cha 13","Yunyou cha 4","Yunyou cha 14"and"Yunyou cha 3".
引文
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[15]周荣灿.湘林系列油茶引种表现研究[J].现代农业科技,2016(12):186-187.
[16]袁昌选,刘开跃,舒广州,等.黔东地区油茶引种与驯化栽培试验研究[J].贵州林业科技,2006,34(4):35-38.
[17]章光旭,邓学渊,李福绵.昆明地区引种普通油茶的研究[J].云南林业科技,1982(2):72-82.
[18]卯梅华,卯吉华,贾代顺,等.6个湖南油茶品种在云南广南的引种表现[J].林业科技通讯,2016(6):37-40.
[19]马洪军,牛焕琼,刘英杰,等.红河引种云油茶新品种的早期适应性研究[J].西部林业科学,2012,41(1):99-102.
[20]徐德兵,陈福,杨华斌,等.云油茶1号等4个优良无性系的选育[J].浙江林业科技,2013,33(4):54-57.
[2]徐德兵,袁其琼,陈福,等.油茶产业转型升级的瓶颈及对策研究[J].林业经济问题,2017:37(6):78-83.
[3]曹永庆,Uthai N,姚小华,等.泰国油茶引种试验初报[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(13):10-13.
[4]庄瑞林.我国油茶良种选育工作的历史回顾与展望[J].林业科技开发,2010,24(6):1-5.
[5]陈永忠,杨小胡,彭邵锋,等.我国油茶良种选育研究现状及发展策略[J]林业科技开发,2005(4):1-4.
[6]何方,何柏.油茶栽培分布与立地分类的研究[J].林业科学,2002,38(5):64-72.
[7]陈永忠,王德斌,王波.油茶综合利用浅析[J].湖南林业科技,1997(4):15-19.
[8]沈建福,姜天甲.山茶油的营养价值与保健功能[J].粮食与食品工业,2006(6):6-8.
[9]周薇,吴雪辉.油茶综合利用开发前景[J].中国农村科技,2006(10):21-23.
[10]李梦丹,杨伊磊,陈力力,等.油茶籽粕的综合利用[J].粮食与油脂,2016,29(1):11-14.
[11]王新新,张春林,游璐,等.不同浓度沼液对油茶生长和经济性状的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(5):60-66.
[12]游璐,沈晋,王楚天,等.油茶土壤养分和果实主要经济性状对沼液用量的响应[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):43-48.
[13]宋曰钦,储昊煜,张程,等.不同水质灌溉对油茶生长及基质性质的影响[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(6):34-39.
[14]薛海兵,李玉善.亚热带北缘油茶引种研究[J].西北林学院学报,1998,13(1):48-52.
[15]周荣灿.湘林系列油茶引种表现研究[J].现代农业科技,2016(12):186-187.
[16]袁昌选,刘开跃,舒广州,等.黔东地区油茶引种与驯化栽培试验研究[J].贵州林业科技,2006,34(4):35-38.
[17]章光旭,邓学渊,李福绵.昆明地区引种普通油茶的研究[J].云南林业科技,1982(2):72-82.
[18]卯梅华,卯吉华,贾代顺,等.6个湖南油茶品种在云南广南的引种表现[J].林业科技通讯,2016(6):37-40.
[19]马洪军,牛焕琼,刘英杰,等.红河引种云油茶新品种的早期适应性研究[J].西部林业科学,2012,41(1):99-102.
[20]徐德兵,陈福,杨华斌,等.云油茶1号等4个优良无性系的选育[J].浙江林业科技,2013,33(4):54-57.