氮素和水分添加对毛乌素沙地油蒿群落优势植物叶片性状的影响
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摘要
【目的】通过研究氮素和水分添加对毛乌素沙地油蒿群落优势植物叶片性状的影响,探讨荒漠生态系统中不同功能群植物对环境变化的适应策略,为预测未来环境变化背景下荒漠植物群落的响应提供理论参考。【方法】以宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地典型植被群落油蒿群落为研究对象,通过连续2年(2015—2016)0 kg N ha~(-1) yr~(-1)(N0)60 kgN·ha~(-1) yr~(-1)(N60)氮添加;自然降水(W0),增加20%降水(W20)、增加40%降水(W40)水添加的野外控制试验,测定优势植物种油蒿和赖草叶片的比叶面积(SLA)、碳、氮、磷(C、N、P)含量。【结果】1)氮添加显著增加土壤中的无机氮含量;水添加显著增加土壤含水量;水氮交互作用对土壤无机氮含量、土壤含水量都没有显著影响。而土壤速效磷含量比较稳定,在各处理下均没有表现出显著差异。2)油蒿SLA在氮素和水分添加下显著增加,而交互作用效应不明显;赖草SLA在氮素和水分单独添加下均没有发生显著变化,而水氮交互作用对其存在显著影响。3)氮添加对油蒿和赖草叶片C含量没有显著影响,显著增加了N含量、C∶P、N∶P,降低了P含量和C∶N。水添加对赖草的C、N、P及其化学计量比无显著影响,而显著增加了油蒿叶片N和P含量,降低了C含量、C∶N、C∶P和N∶P。水氮交互作用对油蒿叶片N含量和C∶N有显著影响。【结论】氮素和水分添加对毛乌素沙地油蒿群落优势植物油蒿和赖草叶片性状均有明显影响,氮素对叶片性状的影响比水分添加的影响更为显著。2种不同功能群植物,对氮素和水分添加的响应不同,呈现出不同的适应策略,油蒿的叶片性状对氮素和水分添加的响应较为敏感,趋向于资源快速获取与利用的策略,而赖草表现出较强的稳定性,从而体现出保守的资源利用策略。在未来可能增加的氮沉降和降水情景下,油蒿群落的物种组成可能会由于2种植物不同的资源利用策略变化而发生变化。
【Objective】This study aimed to investigatethe effects of nitrogen(N) and water addition on the leaf traits of dominant plant species in Artemisia ordosica community of the Mu Us Desert, and to explore the adaptive strategies of different functional groups of plants in response to increased N deposition and precipitation, which would help predict the changes of plant community composition under future global environmental changes.【Method】We conducted a field experiment simulating two levels of N deposition(N0: ambient level of nitrogen; N60∶60 kg N·hm~(-2) a~(-1)) and with three levels of precipitation(W0: ambient precipitation; W20:ambient precipitation+20%; and W40: ambient precipitation+40%) from 2015 to 2016 in a shrubland dominated by A. ordosica in the Mu Us Desert of northern China.We examined the specific leaf area(SLA), leaf carbon(C) concentration, leaf N concentration and leaf phosphorus(P) concentration of two dominant plant species Artemisia ordosica(shrub) and Leymus secalinus(grass)in an A. ordosica community, and assessed responses of the desert plant leaf traits to N and water addition.【Result】1) The result showed that soil inorganic N concentrations significantly increased only in plots with added N, and soil moisture significantly increased only in plots with added water.Nitrogen, water addition, and their interaction had non-significant effects on soil available P. 2) Nitrogen and water addition significantly increased the SLA of A. ordosica, but had limited effects on the SLA of L. secalinus. There was a significant interaction between N and water addition affecting the SLA of L. secalinus.3)Nitrogen addition had no effects on leaf C concentration, but significantly on leaf N concentration, C∶P and N∶P, and decreased leaf P concentration and C∶N of A. ordoscia and L. secalinus. Water addition had no significant effect on leaf C, N, P concentration and stoichiometric ratios of L. secalinus, but significantly increased leaf N and P concentration and decreased leaf C concentration,C∶N, C∶P and N∶P atios of A. ordosica. There was a significant interaction between N and water addition on the leaf N concentration and C∶N ratio of A. ordosica.【Conclusion】Taken together,the results demonstrated that nitrogen and water had significant effects on leaf traits of A. ordoscia and L. secalinus, the dominant plants of Artemisia ordosica community in Mu Us sandy land, and the N effectwas more significant than the water.Our results suggest that A. ordosica may tend to adopt aggressive resource-use strategy, while L. secalinus may tend to adopt more conservativeresource-use strategyin response to concurrent alterations in N and water supply. The species composition of A. ordosica community might change due to the different resource-use strategy of two plants under future global environmental changes.
【Objective】This study aimed to investigatethe effects of nitrogen(N) and water addition on the leaf traits of dominant plant species in Artemisia ordosica community of the Mu Us Desert, and to explore the adaptive strategies of different functional groups of plants in response to increased N deposition and precipitation, which would help predict the changes of plant community composition under future global environmental changes.【Method】We conducted a field experiment simulating two levels of N deposition(N0: ambient level of nitrogen; N60∶60 kg N·hm~(-2) a~(-1)) and with three levels of precipitation(W0: ambient precipitation; W20:ambient precipitation+20%; and W40: ambient precipitation+40%) from 2015 to 2016 in a shrubland dominated by A. ordosica in the Mu Us Desert of northern China.We examined the specific leaf area(SLA), leaf carbon(C) concentration, leaf N concentration and leaf phosphorus(P) concentration of two dominant plant species Artemisia ordosica(shrub) and Leymus secalinus(grass)in an A. ordosica community, and assessed responses of the desert plant leaf traits to N and water addition.【Result】1) The result showed that soil inorganic N concentrations significantly increased only in plots with added N, and soil moisture significantly increased only in plots with added water.Nitrogen, water addition, and their interaction had non-significant effects on soil available P. 2) Nitrogen and water addition significantly increased the SLA of A. ordosica, but had limited effects on the SLA of L. secalinus. There was a significant interaction between N and water addition affecting the SLA of L. secalinus.3)Nitrogen addition had no effects on leaf C concentration, but significantly on leaf N concentration, C∶P and N∶P, and decreased leaf P concentration and C∶N of A. ordoscia and L. secalinus. Water addition had no significant effect on leaf C, N, P concentration and stoichiometric ratios of L. secalinus, but significantly increased leaf N and P concentration and decreased leaf C concentration,C∶N, C∶P and N∶P atios of A. ordosica. There was a significant interaction between N and water addition on the leaf N concentration and C∶N ratio of A. ordosica.【Conclusion】Taken together,the results demonstrated that nitrogen and water had significant effects on leaf traits of A. ordoscia and L. secalinus, the dominant plants of Artemisia ordosica community in Mu Us sandy land, and the N effectwas more significant than the water.Our results suggest that A. ordosica may tend to adopt aggressive resource-use strategy, while L. secalinus may tend to adopt more conservativeresource-use strategyin response to concurrent alterations in N and water supply. The species composition of A. ordosica community might change due to the different resource-use strategy of two plants under future global environmental changes.
引文
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黄彩变,曾凡江,雷加强. 2016. 骆驼刺幼苗生长和功能性状对不同水氮添加的响应. 草业学报,25 (12): 150-160.(Huang C B, Zeng F J, Lei J Q. 2016. Growth and functional trait responses of Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings to water and nitrogen addition. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 25 (12): 150-160. [in Chinese]).
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刘 洋,张 健,陈亚梅,等. 2013. 氮磷添加对巨桉幼苗生物量分配和C:N:P化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报,37 (10): 933-941.(Liu Y, Zhang J, Chen Y M, et al. 2013. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on biomass allocation and C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 37 (10): 933-941. [in Chinese]).
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黄彩变,曾凡江,雷加强. 2016. 骆驼刺幼苗生长和功能性状对不同水氮添加的响应. 草业学报,25 (12): 150-160.(Huang C B, Zeng F J, Lei J Q. 2016. Growth and functional trait responses of Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings to water and nitrogen addition. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 25 (12): 150-160. [in Chinese]).
黄菊莹,袁志友,李凌浩. 2009.羊草绿叶氮、磷浓度和比叶面积沿氮、磷和水分梯度的变化. 植物生态学报,33 (3): 442-448.(Huang J Y, Yuan Z Y, Li L H. 2009. Changes in N, P and specific leaf area of green leaves of Leymus chinensis along nitrogen, phosphorus and water gradients. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 33 (3): 442-448. [in Chinese]).
黄菊莹,余海龙,袁志友,等. 2012. 长期N添加对典型草原几个物种叶片性状的影响. 生态学报,32 (5): 1419-1427.(Huang J Y, Yu H L, Yuan Z Y, et al. 2012. Effects of long-term increased soil N on leaf traits of several species in typical Inner Mongolian grassland. Acta Ecological Sinica, 32 (5): 1419-1427. [in Chinese]).
黄菊莹,赖荣生,余海龙,等. 2013. N添加对宁夏荒漠草原植物和土壤 C:N:P 生态化学计量特征的影响. 生态学杂志,32 (11): 2850-2856.(Huang J Y, Lai R S, Yu H L, et al. 2013. Responses of plant and soil C:N:P stoichiometry to N addition in a desert steppe of Ningxia, Northwest China.Chinese Journal of Ecology, 32 (12): 2850-2856. [in Chinese]).
李 颖,林 笠,朱文琰,等.2017. 青藏高原高寒草地常见植物叶属性对氮、磷添加的响应. 北京大学学报:自然科学版,53 (3): 535-544.(Li Y, Li L, Zhu W Y, et al. 2017. Responses of leaf traits to nitrogen and phosphorus additions across common species in an alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 53 (3): 535-544. [in Chinese]).
刘 洋,张 健,陈亚梅,等. 2013. 氮磷添加对巨桉幼苗生物量分配和C:N:P化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报,37 (10): 933-941.(Liu Y, Zhang J, Chen Y M, et al. 2013. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on biomass allocation and C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 37 (10): 933-941. [in Chinese]).
吕晓涛.2010.生物多样性、水分和氮素添加对典型草原优势植物养分利用的影响. 北京:中国科学院植物研究所博士论文.(Lü X T. 2010. Nutrient use responses of dominant plants to biodiversity, nitrogen and water amendent in a temperate steppe. Beijing: PhD thesis of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. [in Chinese]).
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