沼肥对污灌区棕壤土重金属Cd和As的影响
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摘要
沼肥作为有机肥在农业生产中已有广泛应用,为了研究施用沼肥对受到重金属污染土壤的影响,文章以Cd,As为研究对象,用盆栽的方式,以抗病苏州青油菜为种植作物,选取污灌区棕壤土,采用改进的BCR连续提取法分析重金属形态,通过基肥与追肥配合施用,研究沼渣与沼液配合施用和猪粪与化肥配合施用对土壤重金属的影响,为沼肥的合理安全利用提供理论依据。试验结果表明:沼渣沼液配合施用可以降低污灌区土壤中Cd全量和有效态含量,增加As全量和有效态含量;过量施用沼肥可以增加污灌区土壤中Cd全量和有效态含量,降低As全量和有效态含量,猪粪化肥配合施用会显著增加Cd和As全量。沼渣沼液配合施用会降低残渣态Cd和As的含量(p<0.05)。
This paper was conducted to study the effect of biogas fertilizer on the contents of different forms of heavy metals Cd and As in brown soil.The experiments were made in pots,Suzhou rape were planted in the pots,and the brown soil was from sewage irrigation area.The fertilizer experments included biogas residue-slurry combined application and pig-manurechemical-fertilizer combined application.The improved BCR continuous extraction method was used to analyze the heavy metal morphology.The results showed that,the biogas residue-slurry application could reduce the total content of Cd and available Cd in the soil,and increase the total content of As and effective As in soil.Excessive application of biogas fertilizer could increase the total content of Cd and available Cd,and reduce the total content of As and effective As.The combined application of pig manure and chemical fertilizer significantly increased both Cd,As content.Biogas fertilizer application could reduce residual Cd and As content(p < 0.05).
This paper was conducted to study the effect of biogas fertilizer on the contents of different forms of heavy metals Cd and As in brown soil.The experiments were made in pots,Suzhou rape were planted in the pots,and the brown soil was from sewage irrigation area.The fertilizer experments included biogas residue-slurry combined application and pig-manurechemical-fertilizer combined application.The improved BCR continuous extraction method was used to analyze the heavy metal morphology.The results showed that,the biogas residue-slurry application could reduce the total content of Cd and available Cd in the soil,and increase the total content of As and effective As in soil.Excessive application of biogas fertilizer could increase the total content of Cd and available Cd,and reduce the total content of As and effective As.The combined application of pig manure and chemical fertilizer significantly increased both Cd,As content.Biogas fertilizer application could reduce residual Cd and As content(p < 0.05).
引文
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[14]刘玉荣,党志,尚爱安,等.几种萃取剂对土壤中重金属生物有效部分的萃取效果[J].土壤与环境,2002(03):245-247.
[15]刘清,王子健,汤鸿霄.重金属形态与生物毒性及生物有效性关系的研究进展[J].环境科学,1996(01):89-92.
[16]Ma L Q,Rao G N.Chemical fractionation of cadmium,copper,nickel,and zinc in contaminated soils[J].Environ Qtual,1997,26:259-264.
[17]代天飞,王昌全,李冰.油菜各部位对土壤中活性态重金属的累积特征分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,(S2):471-475.
[18]李其林,魏朝富,王定勇,等.重金属在土壤载体中的行为和环境响应[J].土壤通报,2008,(02):441-447.
[2]Mobin M,Nafees A K.Photosynthetic activity,pigment composition and antioxidative response of two mustard(Brassica juncea)cultivars differing in photosynthetic capacity subjected to cadmium stress[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2007,164(5):601-610.
[3]Hattab S,Dridi B,Chouba L,et al.Photosynthesis and growth responses of pea under heavy metals stress[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences.2009,21:1552-1556.
[4]高焕梅.长期施肥对紫色土—作物重金属含量的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2008.
[5]高燕,赵玉柱.沼肥施用对植物和土壤中重金属含量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(29):11654-11657.
[6]Liu Wenke,Yang Qichang,Du Lianfeng.Soilless cultivation for high-quality vegetables with biogas manure in China:feasibility and benefit analysis[J].Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems,2009,24(4):300-307.
[7]陈志贵.沼肥对蔬菜产量和安全性及土壤安全承载力的影响[D].上海:上海交通大学,2010.
[8]陈苗,崔岩山.畜禽固废沼肥中重金属来源及其生物有效性研究进展[J].土壤通报,2012,43(01):249-256.
[9]马洁琼,朱洪光,范旻.厌氧发酵沼渣液重金属元素分布规律研究[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(01):193-196.
[10]刘研萍,文雪,张继方,等.秸秆沼渣中重金属的安全风险分析[J].中国沼气,2014,32(01):90-94.
[11]李尧琴,李雪树.山区中小型畜禽养殖场沼气工程治污技术[J].中国沼气,2015,33(06):76-78.
[12]蒲瑞丰,康尔泗,王轲,等.石羊河流域典型工业区土壤重金属污染状况研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,(09):129-133.
[13]徐伟朴,陈同斌,刘俊良,等.规模化畜禽养殖对环境的污染及防治策略[J].环境科学,2004,(S1):105-108.
[14]刘玉荣,党志,尚爱安,等.几种萃取剂对土壤中重金属生物有效部分的萃取效果[J].土壤与环境,2002(03):245-247.
[15]刘清,王子健,汤鸿霄.重金属形态与生物毒性及生物有效性关系的研究进展[J].环境科学,1996(01):89-92.
[16]Ma L Q,Rao G N.Chemical fractionation of cadmium,copper,nickel,and zinc in contaminated soils[J].Environ Qtual,1997,26:259-264.
[17]代天飞,王昌全,李冰.油菜各部位对土壤中活性态重金属的累积特征分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,(S2):471-475.
[18]李其林,魏朝富,王定勇,等.重金属在土壤载体中的行为和环境响应[J].土壤通报,2008,(02):441-447.