基于DEA模型的辽宁沿海经济带城市旅游效率研究
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摘要
借助DEA-Malquist方法,从静态、动态两个角度对辽宁沿海经济带6个城市2011—2015年旅游资源利用情况进行了评价,并对2015年辽宁沿海经济带总体旅游效率进行空间分异分析并提出区域旅游效率优化目标。结果表明:(1)辽宁沿海经济带城市旅游综合效率达到相对有效的城市较少,研究区资源配置和利用有较大提升空间;城市旅游效率受技术进步指数影响较大,而规模效率是全要素生产率提高最主要的限制因素;(2)2015年,辽宁沿海经济带旅游效率在空间上呈东南高、西北偏低的分布特征,且空间差异明显;规模效率是影响辽宁沿海经济带城市旅游综合效率及其空间分异的主要因素;(3)辽宁沿海经济带城市旅游投入普遍存在要素冗余现象,可通过产业结构调整、优化投资环境、避免低水平重复建设等方式提升区域和城市旅游效率。
This paper adopted the Dea-malquist method to evaluate the utilization of tourism resources in 6 cities in the Coastal Economic Belt of Liaoning Province in 2011-2015 from static and dynamic perspective,and analyzed the tourism efficiency of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt in 2015 and put forward the objective of optimizing tourism efficiency.The results were shown as follows:(1)The economic efficiency of urban tourism in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt was less than that of urban tourism,and the allocation and utilization of resources in the study area had great room for improvement.The efficiency of urban tourism was greatly influenced by technological progress index,while scale efficiency was the most important limiting factor.(2)In 2015,the urban tourism efficiency of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt was spatially high in southeast and low in northwest,and the spatial difference was obvious.(3)The efficiency of urban tourism scale was the main factor affecting the comprehensive efficiency of urban tourism and its spatial differentiation in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt.(4)Urban tourism investment in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt had redundant factors,which could promote the urban tourism efficiency through industrial structure adjustment,optimizing investment environment and avoiding low-level redundant construction.
This paper adopted the Dea-malquist method to evaluate the utilization of tourism resources in 6 cities in the Coastal Economic Belt of Liaoning Province in 2011-2015 from static and dynamic perspective,and analyzed the tourism efficiency of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt in 2015 and put forward the objective of optimizing tourism efficiency.The results were shown as follows:(1)The economic efficiency of urban tourism in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt was less than that of urban tourism,and the allocation and utilization of resources in the study area had great room for improvement.The efficiency of urban tourism was greatly influenced by technological progress index,while scale efficiency was the most important limiting factor.(2)In 2015,the urban tourism efficiency of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt was spatially high in southeast and low in northwest,and the spatial difference was obvious.(3)The efficiency of urban tourism scale was the main factor affecting the comprehensive efficiency of urban tourism and its spatial differentiation in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt.(4)Urban tourism investment in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt had redundant factors,which could promote the urban tourism efficiency through industrial structure adjustment,optimizing investment environment and avoiding low-level redundant construction.
引文
[1]李红波,张小林,李悦铮.基于点—轴理论的辽宁沿海经济带旅游空间结构研究[J].经济地理,2011,31(1)∶156-161.
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[9]刘静卜.基于DEA的中国民航运营效率分析及评价[J].武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2011,33(3)∶483-487.
[10]Lee C K,Han S H。Estimating the Use and Preservation Values of National Parks′Tourism Resources Using a Contingent Valuation Method[J].Tourism Management,2002,23(5)∶531-540.
[11]丁振民,黄秀娟.资本投入对中国森林公园旅游效率的影响研究[J].资源科学,2016,38(7)∶1363-1372.
[12]周慧慧,史春云,余美蓉,等.基于DEA的淮海经济区城市旅游效率研究[J/OL].旅游论坛,2016,9(4)∶84-91.
[13]秦伟山,张义丰,李世泰.中国东部沿海城市旅游发展的时空演变[J].地理研究,2014,33(10)∶1956-1965.
[14]李瑞,郭谦,贺跻,等.环渤海地区城市旅游业发展效率时空特征及其演化阶段——以三大城市群为例[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(6)∶773-785.
[15]刘佳,陆菊,刘宁.基于DEA-Malmquist模型的中国沿海地区旅游产业效率时空演化、影响因素与形成机理[J].资源科学,2015,37(12)∶2381-2393.
[16]张学良.ArcView GIS与ArcGIS地理信息统计分析[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2008∶171-197.
[17]梁明珠,易婷婷.广东省城市旅游效率评价与区域差异研究[J].经济地理,2012,32(10)∶158-164.
[18]汪为祥,苏勇军,张棉棉.基于DEA模型的浙江城市旅游效率评价研究[J].科技与管理,2016,18(1)∶100-105.
[19]马晓龙.城市旅游竞争力:基于58个中国主要旅游城市的比较研究[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2008∶144-146.
[20]马晓龙,保继刚.中国主要城市旅游效率的区域差异与空间格局[J].人文地理,2010,25(1)∶105-110,99.
[2]邓洪波,陆林.基于DEA模型的安徽省城市旅游效率研究[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(2)∶313-323.
[3]Michael D H,Keith C J.Employee Performance Cues in a Hotel Service Environment:Influence on Perceived Service Quality,Value,and Word-of-mouth Intentions[J].Journal of Business Research,1996,35(6)∶207-215.
[4]孙景荣,张捷,章锦河,等.中国城市酒店业效率的空间特征及优化对策[J].经济地理,2012,32(8)∶155-159.
[5]Barros C P,Matias A.Assessing the Efficiency of Travel Agencies with a Stochastic Cost Frontier:A Portuguese Case Study[J].International Journal of Tourism Research,2006,8(5)∶367-379.
[6]胡宇娜,梅林,魏建国.中国区域旅行社业效率的时空分异及驱动机制[J].地理与地理信息科学,2017,33(3)∶91-97.
[7]马晓龙.国内外旅游效率研究进展与趋势综述[J].人文地理,2012,27(3)∶11-17.
[8]Charles K N,Paul S.Competition,Privatization and Productive Efficiency:Evidence from the Airline Industry[J].The Economic Journal,2001,111(473)∶591-619.
[9]刘静卜.基于DEA的中国民航运营效率分析及评价[J].武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2011,33(3)∶483-487.
[10]Lee C K,Han S H。Estimating the Use and Preservation Values of National Parks′Tourism Resources Using a Contingent Valuation Method[J].Tourism Management,2002,23(5)∶531-540.
[11]丁振民,黄秀娟.资本投入对中国森林公园旅游效率的影响研究[J].资源科学,2016,38(7)∶1363-1372.
[12]周慧慧,史春云,余美蓉,等.基于DEA的淮海经济区城市旅游效率研究[J/OL].旅游论坛,2016,9(4)∶84-91.
[13]秦伟山,张义丰,李世泰.中国东部沿海城市旅游发展的时空演变[J].地理研究,2014,33(10)∶1956-1965.
[14]李瑞,郭谦,贺跻,等.环渤海地区城市旅游业发展效率时空特征及其演化阶段——以三大城市群为例[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(6)∶773-785.
[15]刘佳,陆菊,刘宁.基于DEA-Malmquist模型的中国沿海地区旅游产业效率时空演化、影响因素与形成机理[J].资源科学,2015,37(12)∶2381-2393.
[16]张学良.ArcView GIS与ArcGIS地理信息统计分析[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2008∶171-197.
[17]梁明珠,易婷婷.广东省城市旅游效率评价与区域差异研究[J].经济地理,2012,32(10)∶158-164.
[18]汪为祥,苏勇军,张棉棉.基于DEA模型的浙江城市旅游效率评价研究[J].科技与管理,2016,18(1)∶100-105.
[19]马晓龙.城市旅游竞争力:基于58个中国主要旅游城市的比较研究[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2008∶144-146.
[20]马晓龙,保继刚.中国主要城市旅游效率的区域差异与空间格局[J].人文地理,2010,25(1)∶105-110,99.