工业容器气体泄爆实验研究
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摘要
为了给降低受限空间爆炸事故的发生率提供依据,揭示约束条件下甲烷-空气预混气体爆炸动力学过程,研究气体爆炸时压力与速度相互作用的规律,利用小尺寸爆炸实验平台,采用唯象法捕捉气体爆炸过程中的动态影像,宏观上揭示火焰传播的变化特征,并利用高速摄影、纹影系统直观地记录火焰传播的瞬态过程以及层流向湍流转变的过程。通过实验研究了不同泄压口比率和不同泄压膜强度时的泄爆规律。实验数据表明,受限环境中爆炸压力不仅决定火焰的传播速度,还影响火焰的结构变化。
In order to provide theoretical knowledge about reducing the explosion probability within confined space,this study investigated the process of premixed methane-air explosion and the interaction law between gas pressure and speed in a confined space. The experiment was conducted under a small explosion experiment platform to capture the gas explosion dynamic images by phenomenological method,revealing the changes in flame propagation characteristics macroscopically. In addition,with the high-speed photography and schlieren camera system,the transient flame propagation process,and the flame transition from layer flow to turbulence were recorded intuitively. The ratio of different pressure relief openings and the venting law of different vent lamination strength were also studied. The experimental result shows that the explosion pressure within constrained environment not only determines the flame propagation velocity but also affects the flame structure.
In order to provide theoretical knowledge about reducing the explosion probability within confined space,this study investigated the process of premixed methane-air explosion and the interaction law between gas pressure and speed in a confined space. The experiment was conducted under a small explosion experiment platform to capture the gas explosion dynamic images by phenomenological method,revealing the changes in flame propagation characteristics macroscopically. In addition,with the high-speed photography and schlieren camera system,the transient flame propagation process,and the flame transition from layer flow to turbulence were recorded intuitively. The ratio of different pressure relief openings and the venting law of different vent lamination strength were also studied. The experimental result shows that the explosion pressure within constrained environment not only determines the flame propagation velocity but also affects the flame structure.
引文
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[2]王汉良,凯元,昌敬.波在弯曲管道中传播特性的实验研究[J].火灾科学,2001(4):209-212.Wang Hanliang,Kai Yuan,Chang Jing.Wave propagation in the curved duct experimental study[J].Fire Safety Science,2001(4):209-212.
[3]郭长铭,李剑.爆轰波在阻尼管道中声吸收的实验研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2000,20(4):289-295.Guo Changming,Li Jian.Experimental investigation of acoustic absorption of detonation by absorbing materials lining wall[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2000,20(4):289-295.
[4]王志荣,蒋军成.受限空间工业气体爆炸研究进展[J].工业安全与环保,2005,31(3):43-46.Wang Zhirong,Jiang Juncheng.The research development on industrial gas explosion in confined space[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2005,31(3):43-46.
[5]王博,陈思维.密闭受限空间可燃气体爆炸特性数值模拟研究[J].工业安全与环保,2008,34(2):28-29.Wang Bo,Chen Siwei.Numerical simulation of explosive characteristics of flammable gas in closed restricted space[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2008,34(2):28-29.
[6]贾真真,林柏泉.管内瓦斯爆炸传播影响因素及火焰加速机理分析[J].矿业工程研究,2009,24(1):57-61.Jia Zhenzhen,Lin Baiquan.Analysis on flame acceleration mechanism and affecting factors of methane explosion propagation in duct[J].Mineral Engineering Research,2009,24(1):57-61.
[7]丁云,丁大玉,汤明钧.非理想爆源爆炸波的数值计算[J].爆炸与冲击,1995,15(4):289-299.Ding Yun,Ding Dayu,Tang Mingjun.Numerical calculation of blast waves from non-ideal explosion sources[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1995,15(4):289-299.
[8]Masri A R,Ibrahim S S,Nehzat N,et al.Experimental study of premixed flame propagation overvarious solid obstructions[J].Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,2000,21:109-116.
[9]王华,葛岭梅,邓军,等.受限空间可燃性气体爆炸特性的对比[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(2):218-223.Wang Hua,Ge Lingmei,Deng Jun,et al.Comparison of explosion characteristics of ignitable gases in confined space[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(2):218-223.
[10]陈先锋,孙金华,姚礼殷,等.Tulip火焰形成过程中的细微结构特性[J].燃烧科学与技术,2008,14(4):350-354.Chen Xianfeng,Sun Jinhua,Yao Liyin,et al.Characteristics of fine structure during tulip flame forming[J].Journal of Combustion Science and Technology,2008,14(4):350-354.
[11]余立新,孙文超,吴承康.障碍物管道中湍流火焰发展的数值模拟[J].燃烧科学与技术,2003,9(1):11-15.Yu Lixin,Sun Wenchao,Wu Chengkang.Numerical simulation of development of turbulent flame in an obstructed tube[J].Journal of Combustion Science and Technology,2003,9(1):11-15.
[12]Matalon M,Metzener P.The propagation of premixed flames in closed tubes[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,1997,33(6):331-350.
[13]Dunn-Rankin D,Barr P K,Sawyer R F.Numerical and experimental study of“tulip”flame formation in a closed vessel[A].TwentyFirst Symposium(International)on Combustion[C].Pittsburgh:The Combustion Institute,1986:1291-1301.
[14]Guenoche H.Nonsteady flame propagation[M].New York:Pergamon,1964.
[15]林柏泉.瓦斯爆炸动力学特征参数的测定及其分析[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(2):164-167.Lin Baiquan.The measurement and analysis of dynamics feature parameter in gas explosion[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2002,27(2):164-167.