北京市西城区婴幼儿条栅视力和屈光度发育水平纵向监测研究
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摘要
目的了解北京市西城区6～24月龄婴幼儿条栅视力及屈光度随月龄增长的动态发育状况。方法选取在北京市西城区9家社区卫生服务中心常规体检的164名婴儿为研究对象,使用选择性注视检测卡(TACⅡ)和Suresight自动验光仪,在其6、9、12、18、24月龄进行条栅视力评估和屈光度测查。结果①6、9、12、18及24月龄婴幼儿双眼条栅视力均值及标准差分别为(2. 57±0. 68)、(3. 22±0. 89)、(4. 50±1. 40)、(9. 37±3. 86)、(15. 81±5. 86),组间差异有统计学意义(P <0. 01)。6～12个月视力增长平稳,12个月后视力增长加速;②6、9、12、18及24月龄婴幼儿屈光异常发生率分别为46. 8%、20. 0%、18. 3%、8. 6%、6. 3%,组间差异有统计学意义(P﹤0. 01),18月龄后屈光异常率明显降低。结论婴幼儿视力随年龄增长逐步提高,12月龄后视力发育显著加速,18月龄后屈光发育趋于稳定; 2岁以前是发现弱视的最佳时机。
Objective To investigate the development of the refractive and vision in 6-24 month old children,andexploreitscorrelatedfactors. Methods 164 children( 6 month old) are recruited from 9 clinics of community health service centers of Beijing Xicheng District. The refractive and vision were examined through Suresight hand-hold refractomter and TAC Vision test card in 5 stages of age( 6,9,12,18,24 months). Results ①Significant differenceswereexistin vision in 5 stages( P < 0. 01),and the vision improved steadily from 6 to 12 month,while increased rapidly after 12 month. ②There was significant difference in the incidence of refractive error in 5 stages( P < 0. 01),and the incidence rate decreased significantly after 18 month. Conclusion With the increased of the age,the vision of infants improved,and speed upsignificantly after 12 month; after 18 month old,diopter tended to be stable; the besttimeto discoveryofamblyopia is 2 years old.
Objective To investigate the development of the refractive and vision in 6-24 month old children,andexploreitscorrelatedfactors. Methods 164 children( 6 month old) are recruited from 9 clinics of community health service centers of Beijing Xicheng District. The refractive and vision were examined through Suresight hand-hold refractomter and TAC Vision test card in 5 stages of age( 6,9,12,18,24 months). Results ①Significant differenceswereexistin vision in 5 stages( P < 0. 01),and the vision improved steadily from 6 to 12 month,while increased rapidly after 12 month. ②There was significant difference in the incidence of refractive error in 5 stages( P < 0. 01),and the incidence rate decreased significantly after 18 month. Conclusion With the increased of the age,the vision of infants improved,and speed upsignificantly after 12 month; after 18 month old,diopter tended to be stable; the besttimeto discoveryofamblyopia is 2 years old.
引文
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[6] McDonald M,Sebris SL,Mohn G,et al. Monocular acuity in normalinfants:the acuity card procedure[J]. Am Optom Physiol Opt,1986. 63(2):127-134.
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[8]邱旸,李晓清,晏晓明. 5至24个月婴幼儿条栅视力发育规律的初步研究[J].中华眼科杂志,2011,1l(47):996-997.
[9] Grunewald SM,Mayer UM. Reference values in vision developmentof infants with clinical use of the Teller Acuity Cards[J]. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde,1997,210:376-383.
[10]赵堪兴.早期发现和早期干预,努力提高弱视的防治水平[J].中华眼科杂志,2002,38:449-451.
[11]张庆慧,王蕊,任军爽,等. 2~4岁儿童弱视筛查初步探讨[J].中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志,2017,25(4):41-42.
[12] Adams RJ,Dalton SM, Murphy AM,et al. Testing younginfants with the Welch Allyn suresight non-cycloplegicauto refractor[J]. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt,2002,22(6):546-551.
[13]徐广第.眼科屈光学[M]. 4版.北京:军事医学科学出版社,2005:119.
[2]瞿小妹,陈露.青少年儿童屈光度及眼轴年增长值及相关因素[J].中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2012,12:451-454.
[3]吴丽波,姚晶磊,成娟娟,等.儿童图形视力表与Teller视敏锐度卡在婴幼儿视力检测中应用分析[J].中国实用眼科杂志,2014,32(11):1378-1381.
[4] Teller DY,McDonald MA,Preston K,et al. Assessment of visualacuity in infants and children:the acuity card procedure[J]. Dev MedChild Neurol,1986,28:779-789.
[5]陈镇国,施明光.正常婴幼儿双眼条栅视力评估[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2006,16(4):190-193.
[6] McDonald M,Sebris SL,Mohn G,et al. Monocular acuity in normalinfants:the acuity card procedure[J]. Am Optom Physiol Opt,1986. 63(2):127-134.
[7] Dobson V,McDonald MA. Visual acuity screening of infants and young children with the acuity card procedure[J]. Am Optom Assoc,1986,57(4):284.
[8]邱旸,李晓清,晏晓明. 5至24个月婴幼儿条栅视力发育规律的初步研究[J].中华眼科杂志,2011,1l(47):996-997.
[9] Grunewald SM,Mayer UM. Reference values in vision developmentof infants with clinical use of the Teller Acuity Cards[J]. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde,1997,210:376-383.
[10]赵堪兴.早期发现和早期干预,努力提高弱视的防治水平[J].中华眼科杂志,2002,38:449-451.
[11]张庆慧,王蕊,任军爽,等. 2~4岁儿童弱视筛查初步探讨[J].中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志,2017,25(4):41-42.
[12] Adams RJ,Dalton SM, Murphy AM,et al. Testing younginfants with the Welch Allyn suresight non-cycloplegicauto refractor[J]. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt,2002,22(6):546-551.
[13]徐广第.眼科屈光学[M]. 4版.北京:军事医学科学出版社,2005:119.