儒家治理思想的基本特征及现代价值——以南宋真德秀《西山政训》为例
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摘要
儒家文化长期占据传统社会意识形态主体地位,曾长期影响传统各类治理主体,传统"政书"中对儒家治理思想有较为系统的总结。《西山政训》所集中体现的儒家治理思想主要特点有三:以教化为治理核心手段;始终把握治理主体的规范与建设;将民本观念贯穿始终。传统教化之道的有效性对当今的政治社会化过程有重要启示。注重治理主体建设的传统提示我们,当下要以公共伦理和职业规范来约束各种治理主体;传统的民本思想及相关治理实践仍是现代治理的重要资源。儒家治理模式是融国家治理、政府治理与社会治理于一体的模式。现代化治理理论的发展必将会开掘出儒家治理思想的更多意蕴与现代意涵,从而服务于当下的治理实践。
Confucian culture has long been dominating the ideology of traditional society. And the traditional"political books",like Political Maxim of West Hill,summed up the Confucian governance thought systematically. In this book,three characteristics of Confucian management thought had been expounded,namely taking civilizing as the core of governance tools,always paying attention to the governance body of the specification and construction,and implementing people-oriented idea all along. Effectiveness of Traditional Education Way has important implications for today's political socialization process. We need to use public ethics and professional rules to constrain governance bodies. Traditional people-based thought and governance practice are still important resources in modern governance. The mode of Confucian governance is the integration of state governance,government governance and social governance. The development of modern governance theory will certainly excavate more implications and modern implications of Confucian governance thought,thus serving the current governance practice.
Confucian culture has long been dominating the ideology of traditional society. And the traditional"political books",like Political Maxim of West Hill,summed up the Confucian governance thought systematically. In this book,three characteristics of Confucian management thought had been expounded,namely taking civilizing as the core of governance tools,always paying attention to the governance body of the specification and construction,and implementing people-oriented idea all along. Effectiveness of Traditional Education Way has important implications for today's political socialization process. We need to use public ethics and professional rules to constrain governance bodies. Traditional people-based thought and governance practice are still important resources in modern governance. The mode of Confucian governance is the integration of state governance,government governance and social governance. The development of modern governance theory will certainly excavate more implications and modern implications of Confucian governance thought,thus serving the current governance practice.
引文
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[16]申俊友,魏鲁霞.全球化视野中儒家传统的现代价值[J].江苏社会科学,2003(4).
[2]李泽厚.中国古代思想史论:上册[M].合肥:安徽文艺出版社,1999.
[3]习近平.在纪念孔子诞辰2565周年国际学术研讨会暨国际儒学联合会第五届会员大会开幕会上的讲话[N].人民日报,2014-09-25(02).
[4]王浦劬.国家治理、政府治理和社会治理的含义及其相互关系[J].国家行政学院学报,2014(3).
[5]习近平.青年要自觉践行社会主义核心价值观:在北京大学师生座谈会上的讲话[N].人民日报,2014-05-05(02).
[6]聂豹.聂豹集·卷四·赠邑侯陈雨亭入觐序[M].南京:凤凰出版社,2007.
[7]葛荃.中国政治文化教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[8]真德秀.西山政训[M]//陈生玺.政书集成:第4辑.郑州:中州古籍出版社,1996.
[9]朱熹.四书章句集注[M].北京:中华书局,1983.
[10]闾小波.近代中国民主观念之生成与流变:一项观念史的考察[M].南京:江苏人民出版社,2012.
[11]州县提纲·卷二·通愚民之情[M]//陈生玺.政书集成:第3辑.郑州:中州古籍出版社,1996.
[12]州县提纲·卷二·示无理者以法[M]//陈生玺.政书集成:第3辑.郑州:中州古籍出版社,1996.
[13]乔耀章.从“治理社会”到社会治理的历史新穿越:中国特色社会治理要论:融国家治理、政府治理于社会治理之中[J].学术界,2014(10).
[14]牛铭实.中国历代乡约[M].北京:中国社会出版社,2003.
[15]习近平.完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体制和治理能力现代化[N].人民日报,2014-02-18(01).
[16]申俊友,魏鲁霞.全球化视野中儒家传统的现代价值[J].江苏社会科学,2003(4).