基于ATmega 2560的智慧快递机器人设计
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摘要
为有效促进对自动化专业创新性人才的培养,学科竞赛是一种能较好地促进实践环节教学的手段,能够"以赛促教"和"以赛促学"。根据2017年江苏省大学生机器人比赛要求,设计了一款智慧快递机器人,并获得二等奖。该机器人硬件包括四个部分,分别为控制电路部分、循迹部分、避障部分和投掷部分。其中,控制电路部分采用ATmega 2560单片机作为控制器;循迹部分采用红外对管作为循迹传感器;避障部分采用超声波和红外传感器作为避障传感器,投掷部分采用机械臂实现投掷。机器人能够智能避障,自行将包裹从起点运送到终点后,准确投掷到快递箱内并返回到起点继续实现下一轮快递功能。
In order to effectively promote the cultivation of innovative talents for automation, discipline competition is a good way of promoting the practice teaching. It can achieve the idea of "teaching competition" and "learning by competition". According to the requirement of the robot competition for university students of Jiangsu province in 2017, a kind of an intelligent express robot was designed and won the second class prize. The hardware of the robot contained four parts, including the parts of control circuit, tracking, obstacle avoidance, and casting. The ATmega 2560 was used as the controller. The infrared tubes were used as the tracking sensors. The ultrasonic and infrared sensors were used to avoid obstacle. The mechanical arm was used for casting. The robot could automatically express the parcel from the origin to the destination, avoid obstacle intelligently, cast the parcel into the box exactly and return to the origin for the next express.
In order to effectively promote the cultivation of innovative talents for automation, discipline competition is a good way of promoting the practice teaching. It can achieve the idea of "teaching competition" and "learning by competition". According to the requirement of the robot competition for university students of Jiangsu province in 2017, a kind of an intelligent express robot was designed and won the second class prize. The hardware of the robot contained four parts, including the parts of control circuit, tracking, obstacle avoidance, and casting. The ATmega 2560 was used as the controller. The infrared tubes were used as the tracking sensors. The ultrasonic and infrared sensors were used to avoid obstacle. The mechanical arm was used for casting. The robot could automatically express the parcel from the origin to the destination, avoid obstacle intelligently, cast the parcel into the box exactly and return to the origin for the next express.
引文
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[3] 刘丹丹,许杰,朱晓琴.“微机原理与接口”课程教学思考[J].电气电子教学学报,2016,38(3):61-63.
[4] 苏显春.地方工科院校应用型人才培养模式研究与实践[J].吉林化工学院学报,2017,34(2):60-63.
[5] 薛寒.地方本科院校应用型人才培养模式的实践探索[J].当代职业教育,2017(4):71-75.
[6] 尹睿.“以赛促学,以赛促教”的教学模式改革探索[J].求知导刊,2016(1):136.
[7] 候晓晖,蒋晓红,路键,等.“以赛促学、以赛促教”教学模式实践探索[J].教育教学论坛,2015(16):164-165.
[8] 邵欣,王峰,张建新,等.一种可越障的抛投机器人设计[J].实验室研究与探索,2017,36(3):47-50.
[9] 宁海萍,冯灵清,刘琪芳,等.以机器人大赛为契机的农业院校工科专业实践创新模式探索[J].河北农业大学学报(农林教育版),2017,36(6):94-97.
[10] 胡发焕,刘祚时,朱花.以机器人大赛为契机探索大学生创新能力培养模式[J].中国电力教育,2013(28):53-56.
[11] 张美润.应用技术型大学“双创”教育工作新模式初探——以福建工程学院信息科学与工程学院为例[J].齐齐哈尔师范高等专科学校学报,2017(2):15-16.
[12] 大赛技术委员会.2017江苏省大学生机器人大赛规则-231-智慧快递[EB/OL].http://js.robot12360.com/news_show.aspx?id=43,2017-10-09.
[13] J.M.Hughes.Arduino技术指南[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2017.
[14] M.McRoberts.Arduino从基础到实践[M].2版.北京:电子工业出版社,2017.
[15] 赵广元,王文庆,蔡秀梅.开源硬件在自动化专业教学中的应用模式初探[J].实验室研究与探索,2013,32(11):355-357.