浅海负跃层条件下的warping变换宽带无源测距方法
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摘要
夏季浅海波导中常常存在强烈的负跃层,研究warping变换无源测距在这种水文条件下的使用方法具有重要的应用价值。对于上发上收、上发下收和跃层强度较小时下发下收的情况,海面海底反射类简正波对声场起主要作用,可以对接收信号的自相关函数进行时域warping变换,利用特征频率匹配的方法进行无源测距。而对于跃层强度较大时下发下收的情况,水体折射-海底反射类简正波对声场起主要贡献,可以对接收信号的自相关函数进行频域β-warping变换进行无源测距。并且能在事先获得粗略的水体声速剖面参数的情况下,通过设置一个已知距离的引导声源,那么即使估计得到的波导不变量存在一定误差,实际测距结果也可以与真实距离符合得较好。利用warping变换对一次夏季浅海实验接收到的目标发出的宽带信号进行无源测距,估计距离与真实距离符合较好,相对误差在20%以内。
Passive source range estimation based on warping transform in shallow water with a thermocline is studied.When the source is above the thermocline, or both the source and the receiver are below a weak thermocline, the sound field is mainly composed of reflective modes. And passive range estimation could be achieved by using time domain warping transform of the autocorrelation function of the received signal. When both the source and the receiver are below a strong thermocline, the sound field is mainly composed of refractive modes. And frequency domain β-warping transform could be introduced to achieve passive range estimation. What's more, when a guided source existing, the estimated ranges match well with the real ones, as long as the estimated waveguide invariant is within a reasonable range. Finally, passive range estimation based on warping transform is applied to broadband data collected during a summer experiment. The estimated ranges match well with the real ones.
Passive source range estimation based on warping transform in shallow water with a thermocline is studied.When the source is above the thermocline, or both the source and the receiver are below a weak thermocline, the sound field is mainly composed of reflective modes. And passive range estimation could be achieved by using time domain warping transform of the autocorrelation function of the received signal. When both the source and the receiver are below a strong thermocline, the sound field is mainly composed of refractive modes. And frequency domain β-warping transform could be introduced to achieve passive range estimation. What's more, when a guided source existing, the estimated ranges match well with the real ones, as long as the estimated waveguide invariant is within a reasonable range. Finally, passive range estimation based on warping transform is applied to broadband data collected during a summer experiment. The estimated ranges match well with the real ones.
引文
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2 Le Touze G L, Nicolas B, Mars J I, Lacoume J. Matched representations and filters for guided waves. IEEE Trans.Signal Process., 2009; 57(5):1783-1795
3 Lopatka M, Touze G L, Nicolas B, Cristol X, Mars J I, Fattaccioli D. Underwater broadband source localization based on modal filtering and features extraction. EUR A SIP J.Adv. Signal Proc., 2010; 2010:304103
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12王冬,郭良浩,刘建军,戚聿波.一种基于warping变换的浅海脉冲声源被动测距方法.物理学报,2016; 65(10):104302
13 QI Yubo, ZHOU Shihong, REN Yun, WANG Dejun, LIU Jianjun, FENG Xiqiang. Passive source range estimationwith a single receiver in shallow water. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2015; 34(1):1-14
14 Qi Y B, Zhou S H, Zhang R H, Ren Y. A waveguideinvariant-based warping operator and its application to passive source range estimation. J. Comput. Acoust., 2015;23:1550003
15戚聿波,周士弘,张仁和,任云.一种基于β-warping变换算子的被动声源距离估计方法.物理学报,2015; 64(7):074301
16 Bonnel J, Touze G L, Nicolas B, Mars J I. Physics-Based time-frequency representations for underwater acoustics:Power class utilization with waveguide-invariant approximation. IEEE. Signal Proc. Mag., 2013; 30(6):120-129
17 Gao D Z, Wang N, Wang H Z. A dedispersion transform for sound propagation in shallow water waveguide. J. Comput.Acoust., 2010; 18(3):245-257
18 LI Qihu. A new method of passive ranging for underwater target:distance information extraction based on wave guide invariant. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2015; 34(2):97-106
19 LI Qihu, WANG Lei, WEI Chonghua, LI Yi, MA Xuejie,YU Haichun. Theoretical analysis and experimental results of interference striation pattern of underwater target radiated noise in shallow water waveguide. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2011; 30(1):73-80
20余赞,惠俊英,殷敬伟,惠娟,王自娟.基于波导不变量的目标运动参数估计及被动测距.声学学报,2011; 36(3):258-264
21 ZHU Hanhao, PIAO Shengchun, ZHANG Haigang, LIU Wei. Waveguide invariant estimation in elastic Pekeris waveguide. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2017; 36(1):113-129
22王宁,张海青,王好忠,高大治.内波、潮导致的声简正波幅度起伏及其深度分布.声学学报,2010; 35(1):38-44
23 JI Guihua, LI Zhenglin, DAI Qiongxin. The effects of internal waves on temporal correlation of matched-field processing in shallow water. Chinese Journal of Acoustics,2010; 29(1):23-32
24汪德昭,尚尔昌.水声学.北京:科学出版社,1981
25 Shang E C, Wu J R, Zhao Z D. Relating waveguide invariant and bottom reflection phase-shift parameter P in a Pekeris waveguide. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2012; 131(5):3691-3697
2 Le Touze G L, Nicolas B, Mars J I, Lacoume J. Matched representations and filters for guided waves. IEEE Trans.Signal Process., 2009; 57(5):1783-1795
3 Lopatka M, Touze G L, Nicolas B, Cristol X, Mars J I, Fattaccioli D. Underwater broadband source localization based on modal filtering and features extraction. EUR A SIP J.Adv. Signal Proc., 2010; 2010:304103
4姚美娟,鹿力成,马力,郭圣明.一种基于双引导声源和warping变换的拷贝声场计算方法.声学学报,2016; 41(1):73-80
5李晓曼,朴胜春,周建波.浅海波导宽带声源单水听器被动测距.中国西部声学学术交流会,成都,2016:103-106
6 Bonnel J, Nicolas B, Mars J I. Estimation of modal group velocities with a single receiver for geoacoustic inversion in shallow water. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2010; 128:719-727
7牛海强,何利,李整林,张仁和,南明星.利用简正波频散特征映射方法进行海洋环境参数反演.声学学报,2014; 39(1):1-9
8郭晓乐,杨坤德,马远良.一种基于简正波模态频散的远距离宽带海底参数反演方法.物理学报,2015; 64(17):174302
9 Niu H Q, Zhang R H, Li Z L. A modified warping operator based on BDRM theory in homogeneous shallow water.Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron., 2014; 57(3):424-432
10 Niu H Q, Zhang R H, Li Z L. Theoretical analysis of warping operators for non-ideal shallow water waveguides. J.Acoust. Soc. Am., 2014; 136(1):53-65
11张仁和,李风华.浅海声传播的波束位移射线简正波理论.中国科学(A辑),1999; 29(3):241-251
12王冬,郭良浩,刘建军,戚聿波.一种基于warping变换的浅海脉冲声源被动测距方法.物理学报,2016; 65(10):104302
13 QI Yubo, ZHOU Shihong, REN Yun, WANG Dejun, LIU Jianjun, FENG Xiqiang. Passive source range estimationwith a single receiver in shallow water. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2015; 34(1):1-14
14 Qi Y B, Zhou S H, Zhang R H, Ren Y. A waveguideinvariant-based warping operator and its application to passive source range estimation. J. Comput. Acoust., 2015;23:1550003
15戚聿波,周士弘,张仁和,任云.一种基于β-warping变换算子的被动声源距离估计方法.物理学报,2015; 64(7):074301
16 Bonnel J, Touze G L, Nicolas B, Mars J I. Physics-Based time-frequency representations for underwater acoustics:Power class utilization with waveguide-invariant approximation. IEEE. Signal Proc. Mag., 2013; 30(6):120-129
17 Gao D Z, Wang N, Wang H Z. A dedispersion transform for sound propagation in shallow water waveguide. J. Comput.Acoust., 2010; 18(3):245-257
18 LI Qihu. A new method of passive ranging for underwater target:distance information extraction based on wave guide invariant. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2015; 34(2):97-106
19 LI Qihu, WANG Lei, WEI Chonghua, LI Yi, MA Xuejie,YU Haichun. Theoretical analysis and experimental results of interference striation pattern of underwater target radiated noise in shallow water waveguide. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2011; 30(1):73-80
20余赞,惠俊英,殷敬伟,惠娟,王自娟.基于波导不变量的目标运动参数估计及被动测距.声学学报,2011; 36(3):258-264
21 ZHU Hanhao, PIAO Shengchun, ZHANG Haigang, LIU Wei. Waveguide invariant estimation in elastic Pekeris waveguide. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2017; 36(1):113-129
22王宁,张海青,王好忠,高大治.内波、潮导致的声简正波幅度起伏及其深度分布.声学学报,2010; 35(1):38-44
23 JI Guihua, LI Zhenglin, DAI Qiongxin. The effects of internal waves on temporal correlation of matched-field processing in shallow water. Chinese Journal of Acoustics,2010; 29(1):23-32
24汪德昭,尚尔昌.水声学.北京:科学出版社,1981
25 Shang E C, Wu J R, Zhao Z D. Relating waveguide invariant and bottom reflection phase-shift parameter P in a Pekeris waveguide. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2012; 131(5):3691-3697