基于循环波浪荷载下的码头结构损伤过程
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摘要
深水码头多处在自然条件复杂的外海,在海洋波浪循环荷载作用下,许多码头在未达到设计使用年限时便已产生严重损伤而无法使用。针对海洋波浪循环荷载作用下码头整体结构的特殊损伤情况,根据工程实际,采用ANSYS软件建立了高桩码头的地基-桩-上部结构整体有限元模型。采用损伤本构关系,建立海洋土软化系数经验公式,模拟分析了不同运行年限后码头损伤破坏规律。研究结果显示:裂纹最早从面板开始,并且裂纹逐渐向横梁底部发展;但由于地基土的软化与混凝土的软化不同步,10 a后增加的裂纹先从横梁的底部开始。因此设计时应考虑循环波浪荷载对码头桩基-上部结构的整体影响,根据实际桩基与上部结构的协同作用机理采用相应的措施,使设计更加科学可靠。
Deep-water wharves are mostly located in the ocean with complex natural conditions. Under the action of ocean wave cyclic loading,many wharves have been seriously damaged and cannot be used before they reach the designed life.On account of special damages to the overall structure of the wharf under cyclic loading of ocean waves,according to the engineering experience,ANSYS software is used to establish the integral finite element model for foundation-pile-superstructure of high-piled wharf. With damage constitutions used, we established the empirical formula of sea soil softening coefficient,simulated and analyzed the damage and damage law of wharves after different operating years. The results show that the crack starts from the panel at the earliest and gradually develops to the bottom of the beam. However,the softening of foundation soil is out of step with that of concrete.Cracks that increase after 10 years start with the bottom of the beam. Therefore,the overall impact of cyclic wave loads on the pile-upper structure of wharf should be considered in designing,and according to the synergistic action mechanism between the actual pile foundation and the superstructure,corresponding measures make the design more scientific and reliable.
Deep-water wharves are mostly located in the ocean with complex natural conditions. Under the action of ocean wave cyclic loading,many wharves have been seriously damaged and cannot be used before they reach the designed life.On account of special damages to the overall structure of the wharf under cyclic loading of ocean waves,according to the engineering experience,ANSYS software is used to establish the integral finite element model for foundation-pile-superstructure of high-piled wharf. With damage constitutions used, we established the empirical formula of sea soil softening coefficient,simulated and analyzed the damage and damage law of wharves after different operating years. The results show that the crack starts from the panel at the earliest and gradually develops to the bottom of the beam. However,the softening of foundation soil is out of step with that of concrete.Cracks that increase after 10 years start with the bottom of the beam. Therefore,the overall impact of cyclic wave loads on the pile-upper structure of wharf should be considered in designing,and according to the synergistic action mechanism between the actual pile foundation and the superstructure,corresponding measures make the design more scientific and reliable.
引文
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[3]王军,丁光亚,潘晓东.各向异性固结软粘土的循环软化-孔压模型[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(12):166-170.
[4]曹勇,孔令伟,杨爱武.海积结构性软土动力性状的循环荷载波形效应与刚度软化特征[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(3):583-589.
[5]贾敏才,陈纯,吴邵海.冲击荷载作用的离散-连续耦合数值模拟[J].水利学报,2016,47(8):1079-1086.
[6] BAARHOLM R.Therotic and experimental studies of wave impact underneath decks of offshores platforms[D].Trondheim:Norwegian University of Science and Technology,2001.
[7]高万国.循环荷载作用下高桩码头构件疲劳损伤分析方法研究[D].天津:天津大学,2008.
[8]赵安平,李昊洁,俞红升,等.某高桩码头桩基受力有限元分析及结构损伤研究[J].长江科学院院报,2016,33(09):128-132+137.
[9]刘晓强,赵楠,夏开文,等.循环荷载作用下桩周土体强度弱化特性试验研究[J].地震工程学报,2014,36(4):987-990.
[10]王元战,马旭,林陈安攀,等.波浪冲击荷载作用下高桩码头面板动力分析[C]//中国海洋工程学会.第十六届中国海洋(岸)工程学术讨论会(下册).北京:中国海洋工程学会,2013.