水平斜插板透空式防波堤消波性能数值模拟
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摘要
通过改进已有的防波堤模型,建立了一种新型水平斜板透空式防波堤模型。基于VOF方法建立了波浪与水平斜板防波堤相互作用的数值模型。经数值模拟研究了该新型水平斜板防波堤结构对波浪透射系数的影响,主要考虑了斜板角度、波陡、相对板间距、相对板宽和相对出水高度等因素对防波堤消波效果的影响。模拟结果显示:(1)水平斜插板透空式防波堤比水平板透空式防波堤的消波效果好。在斜插板作用下,随着斜板角度增大,透射系数逐渐增大,但增幅逐渐减小;(2)随着波陡增大,透射系数先减后增;(3)随着水平板间距增加,透射系数增大;(4)随着防波堤相对板宽的增大,透射系数逐渐减小;(5)随着防波堤出水高度增加,透射系数先减后增。结果表明,该新型结构防波堤的消波效果显著,可以很好地消减波浪,应用前景良好。
By improving the existing models for the breakwaters,a model for the new-type horizontal-inclined-plate open breakwater is developed in this study. Based on the VOF method,a numerical model for interaction between the waves and the horizontal-inclined-plate breakwater is established. Studies of impacts of a new type of the horizontal-inclined-plate breakwater upon the wave transmission coefficients are carried out by numerical simulation.The main impacts such as the wave steepness H/L,relative plate spacing D/H,relative plate width B/L,relative freeboard d/H and inclined-plate angle on the wave dissipation effects of the breakwater have been considered in this paper. From the analysis results it is found that the above factors have great influences on the wave dissipation effects of the breakwater,and the results are as follows:(1)the horizontal-inclined-plate permeable breakwater has a better wave-absorbing effect than the horizontal-plate permeable breakwater. Under the action of the inclined plate,the transmission coefficients increase with the increase in the angle of the inclined plate,but the increase magnitude gradually decreases;(2)with the increase in wave steepness,the transmission coefficients decrease first and then increase;(3) with the increase in horizontal-plate spacing,the transmission coefficients increase;(4) with the increase in the relative plate width of the breakwater,the transmission coefficients decrease;(5)with the increase in breakwater level,the transmission coefficients decrease first and then increase. The analysis results show that the new-type breakwater structure has remarkable effects on wave energy dissipation and has a good application prospect in ocean engineering.
By improving the existing models for the breakwaters,a model for the new-type horizontal-inclined-plate open breakwater is developed in this study. Based on the VOF method,a numerical model for interaction between the waves and the horizontal-inclined-plate breakwater is established. Studies of impacts of a new type of the horizontal-inclined-plate breakwater upon the wave transmission coefficients are carried out by numerical simulation.The main impacts such as the wave steepness H/L,relative plate spacing D/H,relative plate width B/L,relative freeboard d/H and inclined-plate angle on the wave dissipation effects of the breakwater have been considered in this paper. From the analysis results it is found that the above factors have great influences on the wave dissipation effects of the breakwater,and the results are as follows:(1)the horizontal-inclined-plate permeable breakwater has a better wave-absorbing effect than the horizontal-plate permeable breakwater. Under the action of the inclined plate,the transmission coefficients increase with the increase in the angle of the inclined plate,but the increase magnitude gradually decreases;(2)with the increase in wave steepness,the transmission coefficients decrease first and then increase;(3) with the increase in horizontal-plate spacing,the transmission coefficients increase;(4) with the increase in the relative plate width of the breakwater,the transmission coefficients decrease;(5)with the increase in breakwater level,the transmission coefficients decrease first and then increase. The analysis results show that the new-type breakwater structure has remarkable effects on wave energy dissipation and has a good application prospect in ocean engineering.
引文
[1]NEELAMANI S,RAJENDRAN R.Wave interaction with T-type breakwaters[J].Ocean Engineering,2002,29(2):151-175.
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[7]王国玉,王永学,李广伟.多层水平板透空式防波堤消浪性能试验研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2005,45(6):865-870.(WANG Guoyu,WANG Yongxue,LI Guangwei.Experimental study of wave-damping performance of multiple layer breakwater[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2005,45(6):865-870.(in Chinese))
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[9]何军.特种板式防波堤消浪及波压力特性研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2009.(HE Jun.The research on wave-dissipating and force performance of the special plate breakwaters[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science&Technology,2009.(in Chinese))
[10]李靖波,张宁川,刘爱珍.潜式双层水平板型防波堤的数值研究[J].水道港口,2014,35(4):317-324.(LI Jingbo,ZHANG Ningchuan,LIU Aizhen.Numerical investigation of submerged horizontal twin-plate breakwater[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2014,35(4):317-324.(in Chinese))
[11]刘丹.波浪对两层潜式水平板的作用研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011.(LIU Dan.Wave motion over two submerged horizontal plates[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2011.(in Chinese))
[12]潘春昌,王国玉,任冰,等.圆弧板透空式防波堤消波性能试验研究[J].海洋工程,2014,32(4):33-40.(PAN Chunchang,WANG Guoyu,REN Bing,et al.Experimental study on the performance of arc-plate type breakwater[J].The Ocean Engineering,2014,32(4):33-40.(in Chinese))
[2]NEELAMANI S,RAJENDRAN R.Wave interaction with‘⊥’type breakwaters[J].Ocean Engineering,2002,29(5):561-589.
[3]DATTATRI J,SHANKAR N J,RAMAN H.Laboratory investigations of submerged platform breakwaters[C]∥Proceedings of the 17th Congress of the IAHR,Baden,Germany,1977,4:89-96.
[4]邱大洪,王学庚.深水薄板式防波堤效果分析与探讨[J].水运工程,1986(4):8-12.(QIU Dahong,WANG Xuegeng.Analysis and discussion on effect of deepwater thin plate breakwater[J].Port and Waterway Engineering,1986(4):8-12.(in Chinese))
[5]BROSSARD J,CHAGDALI M.Experimental investigation of the harmonic generation by waves over a submerged plate[J].Coastal Engineering,2001,42(4):277-290.
[6]王科.潜式水平板型防波堤消浪效果研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2001.(WANG Ke.Study on wave dissipation effect of submerged horizontal plate breakwater[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2001.(in Chinese))
[7]王国玉,王永学,李广伟.多层水平板透空式防波堤消浪性能试验研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2005,45(6):865-870.(WANG Guoyu,WANG Yongxue,LI Guangwei.Experimental study of wave-damping performance of multiple layer breakwater[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2005,45(6):865-870.(in Chinese))
[8]NEELAMANI S,GAYATHRI T.Wave interaction with twin plate wave barrier[J].Ocean Engineering,2006,33(3/4):495-516.
[9]何军.特种板式防波堤消浪及波压力特性研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2009.(HE Jun.The research on wave-dissipating and force performance of the special plate breakwaters[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science&Technology,2009.(in Chinese))
[10]李靖波,张宁川,刘爱珍.潜式双层水平板型防波堤的数值研究[J].水道港口,2014,35(4):317-324.(LI Jingbo,ZHANG Ningchuan,LIU Aizhen.Numerical investigation of submerged horizontal twin-plate breakwater[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2014,35(4):317-324.(in Chinese))
[11]刘丹.波浪对两层潜式水平板的作用研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011.(LIU Dan.Wave motion over two submerged horizontal plates[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2011.(in Chinese))
[12]潘春昌,王国玉,任冰,等.圆弧板透空式防波堤消波性能试验研究[J].海洋工程,2014,32(4):33-40.(PAN Chunchang,WANG Guoyu,REN Bing,et al.Experimental study on the performance of arc-plate type breakwater[J].The Ocean Engineering,2014,32(4):33-40.(in Chinese))