煤层顶板导水裂缝带高度综合探查技术
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摘要
新建矿井应进行顶板"两带"实测。采用井下上仰钻孔注水测漏法、井–地联合微震监测法以及UDEC软件数值模拟,综合探查高家堡矿井首采面顶板导水裂缝带发育高度。利用这3种方法获得的工作面停采线附近的导水裂缝带高度数值基本一致,分别为88.03 m、86.54 m和87.00 m,与实际情况相符合。与地面钻孔冲洗液法或井下上仰钻孔注水测漏法探查结果结合起来,井–地联合微震监测具有突出优势,可实现煤层顶板覆岩破坏与变形的时–空动态四维监测,是研究顶板"两带"发育高度及其变化规律的重要方法。
Heights of roof strata "two-zone" should be measured for each new coal mine. To determine water flowing fracture zone height of the first mining face roof in Gaojiabu coal mine comprehensively, three methods including injection water leakage measuring in upward slant holes, underground-ground joint microseismic monitoring and numerical simulation with UDEC were applied. Similar fracture zone height values which are 88.03 m, 86.54 m and 87.00 m were detected by three methods near the working face stop line. Combined with injection water leakage measurement in underground upward slant hole or surface borehole, strata deformation and failure time-space four dimensional characteristics can be monitored by the underground-ground joint microseismic method which has outstanding advantages in analyzing the changing rule of the fracture zone height.
Heights of roof strata "two-zone" should be measured for each new coal mine. To determine water flowing fracture zone height of the first mining face roof in Gaojiabu coal mine comprehensively, three methods including injection water leakage measuring in upward slant holes, underground-ground joint microseismic monitoring and numerical simulation with UDEC were applied. Similar fracture zone height values which are 88.03 m, 86.54 m and 87.00 m were detected by three methods near the working face stop line. Combined with injection water leakage measurement in underground upward slant hole or surface borehole, strata deformation and failure time-space four dimensional characteristics can be monitored by the underground-ground joint microseismic method which has outstanding advantages in analyzing the changing rule of the fracture zone height.
引文
[1]国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿防治水规定释义[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2009.
[2]虎维岳.矿山水害防治理论与方法[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2005.
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[5]刘英锋,郭小铭.导水裂缝带部分波及顶板含水层条件下涌水量预测[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(5):97–101.LIU Yingfeng,GUO Xiaoming.Prediction of water inflow in roof aquifer affected by water-flowing fracture zone[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(5):97–101.
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[10]段建华,程建远,王云宏,等.基于STA/LTA方法的微地震事件自动识别技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(1):76–80.DUAN Jianhua,CHENG Jianyuan,WANG Yunhong,et al.Automatic identification technology of microseismic event based on STA/LTA algorithm[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(1):76–80.
[11]余学义,王金东,赵兵朝.机械化开采条件下导水裂缝带发育高度研究[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(9):86–89.YU Xueyi,WANG Jindong,ZHAO Bingchao.Research on height of water flowing fractured zone under mechanized mining[J].Coal Engineering,2015,47(9):86–89.
[12]邢延团,郑纲,马培智.井下仰孔注水测漏法探测导水裂缝带高度的研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(增刊1):186–190.XING Yantuan,ZHENG Gang,MA Peizhi.Exploring the water-transmit crevice developing height with injection water leakage in the upward slant hole[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,32(S1):186–190.
[13]余学义,刘俊,赵兵朝,等.孟巴矿特厚煤层分层开采覆岩导水裂缝带高度测定[J].煤矿安全,2013,44(8):169–171.YU Xueyi,LIU Jun,ZHAO Bingchao,et al.Determination on the height of slice mining overburden rock water flowing fractured zone of extremely thick coal seams in Barapukuria coal mine of Bangladesh[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013,44(8):169–171.
[14]余学义,刘俊,王鹏,等.特厚煤层分层开采导水裂缝带高度探测研究[J].中州煤炭,2013(7):4–7.YU Xueyi,LIU Jun,WANG Peng,et al.Exploring research on height of water flowing fractured zone of extremely thick coal seams to slice mining[J].Zhong Zhou Coal,2013(7):4–7.
[15]范志胜,程敏.应用井下仰孔分段注水观测导水断裂带高度[J].矿业安全与环保,2010,37(6):75–77.FAN Zhisheng,CHENG Min.Using the method of injection water leakage in the upward slant hole to determinate height of water flowing fractured zone[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2010,37(6):75–77.
[16]李文生,李文,尹尚先.综采一次采全高顶板导水裂缝带发育高度研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(6):104–107.LI Wensheng,LI wen,YIN Shangxian.Study on development height of water flow crack zone in roof above fully mechanized one passing full seam mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(6):104–107.
[17]MENDECKI A J.Seismic monitoring in mines[M].London:Chapman and Hall,1997.
[18]郝育喜,李化敏,袁瑞甫,等.煤柱稳定性的微震监测研究[J].煤炭工程,2012,44(11):64–67.HAO Yuxi,LI Huamin,YUAN Ruifu,et al.Study on micro seismic monitoring and measuring of coal pillar stability[J].Coal Engineering,2012,44(11):64–67.
[19]吕长国,窦林名,何江,等.遗留煤柱影响区域微震活动规律研究[J].煤炭工程,2011,43(1):78–81.LYU Changguo,DOU Linming,HE Jiang,et al.Study on micro seismic activity law of area affected by left coal pillars[J].Coal Engineering,2011,43(1):78–81.
[20]高保彬,高佳佳,袁东升.基于UDEC的大采高覆岩破裂的模拟与分析[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(2):1–6.GAO Baobin,GAO Jiajia,YUAN Dongsheng.Simulation and analysis of overlying strata fracture in large mining height top-coal caving face of coal seams based on UDEC[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2013,28(2):1–6.
[21]李振峰,靳晓敏.应用UDEC进行顶板“三带”范围划分的数值模拟研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2015,42(4):21–24.LI Zhenfeng,JIN Xiaomin.Numerical simulation research on scope division of“three zones”in roof with UDEC[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2015,42(4):21–24.
[2]虎维岳.矿山水害防治理论与方法[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2005.
[3]许家林.岩层采动裂隙演化规律与应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2016.
[4]白利民,尹尚先,李文.综采一次采全高顶板导水裂缝带发育高度的计算公式及适用性分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2013,41(5):36–39.BAI Limin,YIN Shangxian,LI Wen.Calculation formula of water conducting zone height in roof for fully mechanized mining and its adaptability analysis[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2013,41(5):36–39.
[5]刘英锋,郭小铭.导水裂缝带部分波及顶板含水层条件下涌水量预测[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(5):97–101.LIU Yingfeng,GUO Xiaoming.Prediction of water inflow in roof aquifer affected by water-flowing fracture zone[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(5):97–101.
[6]武强,赵苏启,董书宁,等.煤矿防治水手册[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2013.
[7]王双美.导水裂缝带高度研究方法概述[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,33(5):126–128.WANG Shuangmei.A brief review of the methods determining the height of permeable fracture zone[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2006,33(5):126–128.
[8]吕玉广,张雁.国内导水裂缝带研究现状及发展趋势[J].煤矿现代化,2013(2):101–104.LYU Yuguang,ZHANG Yan.Research status and development trend of water-flowing fractured zone[J].Coal Mine Modernization,2013(2):101–104.
[9]张唤兰,朱光明,王保利.微地震震源定位中目标函数的研究与应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(6):105–108.ZHANG Huanlan,ZHU Guangming,WANG Baoli.Study and application of objective function in microseismic source location[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(6):105–108.
[10]段建华,程建远,王云宏,等.基于STA/LTA方法的微地震事件自动识别技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(1):76–80.DUAN Jianhua,CHENG Jianyuan,WANG Yunhong,et al.Automatic identification technology of microseismic event based on STA/LTA algorithm[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(1):76–80.
[11]余学义,王金东,赵兵朝.机械化开采条件下导水裂缝带发育高度研究[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(9):86–89.YU Xueyi,WANG Jindong,ZHAO Bingchao.Research on height of water flowing fractured zone under mechanized mining[J].Coal Engineering,2015,47(9):86–89.
[12]邢延团,郑纲,马培智.井下仰孔注水测漏法探测导水裂缝带高度的研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(增刊1):186–190.XING Yantuan,ZHENG Gang,MA Peizhi.Exploring the water-transmit crevice developing height with injection water leakage in the upward slant hole[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,32(S1):186–190.
[13]余学义,刘俊,赵兵朝,等.孟巴矿特厚煤层分层开采覆岩导水裂缝带高度测定[J].煤矿安全,2013,44(8):169–171.YU Xueyi,LIU Jun,ZHAO Bingchao,et al.Determination on the height of slice mining overburden rock water flowing fractured zone of extremely thick coal seams in Barapukuria coal mine of Bangladesh[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013,44(8):169–171.
[14]余学义,刘俊,王鹏,等.特厚煤层分层开采导水裂缝带高度探测研究[J].中州煤炭,2013(7):4–7.YU Xueyi,LIU Jun,WANG Peng,et al.Exploring research on height of water flowing fractured zone of extremely thick coal seams to slice mining[J].Zhong Zhou Coal,2013(7):4–7.
[15]范志胜,程敏.应用井下仰孔分段注水观测导水断裂带高度[J].矿业安全与环保,2010,37(6):75–77.FAN Zhisheng,CHENG Min.Using the method of injection water leakage in the upward slant hole to determinate height of water flowing fractured zone[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2010,37(6):75–77.
[16]李文生,李文,尹尚先.综采一次采全高顶板导水裂缝带发育高度研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(6):104–107.LI Wensheng,LI wen,YIN Shangxian.Study on development height of water flow crack zone in roof above fully mechanized one passing full seam mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(6):104–107.
[17]MENDECKI A J.Seismic monitoring in mines[M].London:Chapman and Hall,1997.
[18]郝育喜,李化敏,袁瑞甫,等.煤柱稳定性的微震监测研究[J].煤炭工程,2012,44(11):64–67.HAO Yuxi,LI Huamin,YUAN Ruifu,et al.Study on micro seismic monitoring and measuring of coal pillar stability[J].Coal Engineering,2012,44(11):64–67.
[19]吕长国,窦林名,何江,等.遗留煤柱影响区域微震活动规律研究[J].煤炭工程,2011,43(1):78–81.LYU Changguo,DOU Linming,HE Jiang,et al.Study on micro seismic activity law of area affected by left coal pillars[J].Coal Engineering,2011,43(1):78–81.
[20]高保彬,高佳佳,袁东升.基于UDEC的大采高覆岩破裂的模拟与分析[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(2):1–6.GAO Baobin,GAO Jiajia,YUAN Dongsheng.Simulation and analysis of overlying strata fracture in large mining height top-coal caving face of coal seams based on UDEC[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2013,28(2):1–6.
[21]李振峰,靳晓敏.应用UDEC进行顶板“三带”范围划分的数值模拟研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2015,42(4):21–24.LI Zhenfeng,JIN Xiaomin.Numerical simulation research on scope division of“three zones”in roof with UDEC[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2015,42(4):21–24.