塔河断溶体油藏典型断溶体注水驱替规律及剩余油分布特征
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摘要
塔河断溶体油藏受岩溶水选择性溶蚀和裂缝发育程度的影响,油藏内部结构极其复杂,缝洞体分隔性明显,非均质性极强,导致注水驱替规律认识困难。为此,以油藏储流关系和5种典型断溶体为基础,根据流体动力学,侧重从注入速度、注采位置和裂缝发育程度3个方面对5种典型断溶体的注水驱替规律和剩余油分布特征开展数值模拟研究。结果表明:"Y"字型和复合型2种断溶体随着注入速度增大和注采位置由低到高,驱替效率均不断提高,而"V"字型、"T"字型和条带型3种断溶体的驱替效率受注入速度和注采位置影响较小;裂缝发育降低了断溶体的注水驱替效率;剩余油分布取决于注采位置和断溶体间的连通方式,主要分布在非优势流动通道的分支断裂溶洞、小型突起和断溶体的底部。
Influenced by selective dissolution and fracture development degree,fault-karst reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield have the characteristics of extremely complex inner structure and obvious fracture-vug separation,which results in difficulty in understanding of water flood development. Based on the relationship between storage and flow in the oil reservoirs and five typical types of fault-karst,numerical simulation was carried out to study water drive law and remaining oil distribution characteristic of the five typical types of fault-karst from the aspects of injection velocity,injection-production position and fracture participation based on fluid dynamics. The results show that the displacement efficiency of the type"Y"faultkarst and the compound type fault-karst increases continuously when the injection velocity increases and the injection-production position changes from low to high. However,the displacement efficiency of type"V"fault-karst,type"T"faultkarst and belt-shaped fault-karst are hardly influenced by the above factors. The existence of fractures makes the displacement efficiency of the fracture-karst decrease. The distribution of remaining oil depends on the injection-production position and the connectivity mode of the fracture-karst. The remaining oil mainly distributes in bypass fault-karst of non-dominant channel,small arch and the bottom of fault-karst.
Influenced by selective dissolution and fracture development degree,fault-karst reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield have the characteristics of extremely complex inner structure and obvious fracture-vug separation,which results in difficulty in understanding of water flood development. Based on the relationship between storage and flow in the oil reservoirs and five typical types of fault-karst,numerical simulation was carried out to study water drive law and remaining oil distribution characteristic of the five typical types of fault-karst from the aspects of injection velocity,injection-production position and fracture participation based on fluid dynamics. The results show that the displacement efficiency of the type"Y"faultkarst and the compound type fault-karst increases continuously when the injection velocity increases and the injection-production position changes from low to high. However,the displacement efficiency of type"V"fault-karst,type"T"faultkarst and belt-shaped fault-karst are hardly influenced by the above factors. The existence of fractures makes the displacement efficiency of the fracture-karst decrease. The distribution of remaining oil depends on the injection-production position and the connectivity mode of the fracture-karst. The remaining oil mainly distributes in bypass fault-karst of non-dominant channel,small arch and the bottom of fault-karst.
引文
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[18]郑泽宇,朱倘仟,侯吉瑞,等.碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏注氮气驱后剩余油可视化研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(2):93-97.ZHENG Zeyu,ZHU Tangqian,HOU Jirui,et al.Visible research on remaining oil after nitrogen flooding in fractured-cavity carbonate reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(2):93-97.
[2]邬光辉,陈志勇,曲泰来,等.塔里木盆地走滑带碳酸盐岩断裂相特征及其与油气关系[J].地质学报,2012,86(2):219-227.WU Guanghui,CHEN Zhiyong,Qu Tailai,et al.Characteristics of the strik-slip fault facies in Ordovician carbonate in the Tarim basin,and its relations to hydrocarbon[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2012,86(2):219-227.
[3]屈泰来,邬光辉,刘加良,等.碳酸盐岩断裂相分类特征——以新疆塔里木盆地柯坪露头为例[J].地球学报,2011,32(5):541-548.QU Tailai,WU Guanghui,LIU Jialiang,et al.The classification and characteristics of carbonate fault facies:a case study of the outcrop of Kalpin area,Tarim basin in Xinjiang[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2011,32(5):541-548.
[4]佀冬梅.托甫台TP12CX缝洞单元油水分布研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.SI Dongmei.Study on oil and water distribution of fractured cavity unit in the TP12CX Block of the Tuofutai area,Tarim basin[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2014.
[5]荣元帅,胡文革,蒲万芬,等.塔河油田碳酸盐岩油藏缝洞分隔性研究[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(5):599-605.RONG Yuanshuai,HU Wenge,PU Wanfen,et al.Separation of fractures and cavities in carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe Oil Field[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2015,37(5):599-605.
[6]钟建华,毛毳,李勇,等.塔北硫磺沟奥陶系含油古溶洞的发现及意义[J].中国科学:地球科学,2012,42(11):1 660-1 680.ZHONG Jianhua,MAO Cui,LI Yong,et al.Discovery of the ancient Ordovician oil-bearing karst cave in Liuhuanggou,North Tarim Basin,and its significance[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2012,42(11):1 660-1 680.
[7]范卓颖,林承焰,任丽华,等.塔河10区奥陶系颗粒滩灰岩储层发育特征[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(1):6-10.FAN Zhuoying,LIN Chengyan,REN Lihua,et al.Characterization of Ordovician grain-bank limestone reservoirs in block10 of Tahe Oilfield[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(1):6-10.
[8]卢占国.缝洞型介质流体流动规律研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2010.LU Zhanguo.Fluid flow law in fractured vuggy media[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2010.
[9]李爱芬,张东,姚军,等.缝洞单元注水开发物理模拟[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(2):130-135.LI Aifen,ZHANG Dong,YAO Jun,et al.Physical simulation of water flooding in fractured-vuggy unit[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Sciences,2012,36(2):130-135.
[10]王雷,窦之林,林涛,等.缝洞型油藏注水驱油可视化物理模拟研究[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(2):121-124.WANG Lei,DOU Zhilin,LIN Tao,et al.Study on the visual modeling of water flooding in carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2011,33(2):121-124.
[11]侯吉瑞,李海波,姜瑜,等.多井缝洞单元水驱见水模式宏观三维物理模拟[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):717-722.HOU Jirui,LI Haibo,JIANG Yu,et al.Macroscopic three-dimensional physical simulation of water flooding in multi-well fracture-cavity unit[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(6):717-722.
[12]张东.碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏注采机理研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2012.ZHANG Dong.Study of production mechanism for fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2012.
[13]王殿生.缝洞型介质流动机理实验与数值模拟研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2009.WANG Diansheng.Experimental and numerical study of fluid flow mechanism in fractured-vuggy porous media[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2009.
[14]AHMADI M A,SHADIZADEH S R.Implementation of high performance surfactant for enhanced oil recovery from carbonate reservoir[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2013,(110):66-73.
[15]HIDAJAT I,MOHANTY K K,FLAUM M,et al.Study of vuggy carbonates using NMR and X-ray CT scanning[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,2004,7(5):365-377.
[16]吴秀美,侯吉瑞,郑泽宇,等.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏底水对后续注水注气开发的影响[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(5):111-115.WU Xiumei,HOU Jirui,ZHENG Zeyu,et al.Effect of bottom water on subsequent water flooding and gas drive in fractured-vuggy carbonate oil reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(5):111-115.
[17]赵凤兰,席园园,侯吉瑞,等.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏CO2注入方式及部位优化[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(2):67-72.ZHAO Fenglan,XI Yuanyuan,HOU Jirui,et al.Optimization of injection manners and injection positions of CO2huff and puff in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(2):67-72.
[18]郑泽宇,朱倘仟,侯吉瑞,等.碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏注氮气驱后剩余油可视化研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(2):93-97.ZHENG Zeyu,ZHU Tangqian,HOU Jirui,et al.Visible research on remaining oil after nitrogen flooding in fractured-cavity carbonate reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(2):93-97.