第四系强富水圆砾土地层深大竖井施工技术
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摘要
渭河隧道全长10 016m,共设3座竖井辅助施工,着重介绍第四系强富水圆砾土地层深度56. 78m及断面达230m2的深大永久性竖井修建技术的原理、工艺流程,特别是关键工序的施工控制要点,同时强调了施工注意事项。首先采用竖井咬合桩围护结构形式,达到竖井井身开挖前超前围护止水作用,确保竖井顺利通过第四系富水圆砾土地层,钻孔咬合桩采用"上软下硬地层咬合桩二次成孔法"施工;然后研究竖井施工工艺,创新测量工法,优化施工工序,自主研发竖井衬砌模板体系,合理划分作业单元形成流水作业;解决了在富含地下水、黏聚力低、自稳能力差地层中施工,同时既要保证竖井成功穿过,又要达到不渗水效果的目的。
The full length of Weihe Tunnel reaches 10 016 meters,which contains three vertical shafts to accessorial construction. In this article,the principle and technological process,especially the key process construction control points of the construction of deep and large permanent silos with a depth of56. 78 m and cross area of 230 m2 in quaternary system strong rich water round gravel soil layer are emphatically introduced. The construction considerations are also emphasized. Firstly,the retaining structure of shaft occlusion pile is adopted to install the advance guard against water prior to the excavation,and to ensure the smooth passage of the shaft through quaternary system strong rich water round gravel soil layer. The drilling occlusion pile's operation adopts the upper-soft lower-hard ground occlusal pile second-time drilling method. Then the team studies the construction technology of shaft,innovate measuring method and optimize the construction process to independently develop shaft lining template system and to divide the operation unit reasonably to form the working streamline. The problems encountered in operations in strong underground water-rich,low cohesion and low self-stability ground layers. At the same time,it is necessary to ensure that the shaft is successfully passed and the purpose of impermeable effect is achieved.
The full length of Weihe Tunnel reaches 10 016 meters,which contains three vertical shafts to accessorial construction. In this article,the principle and technological process,especially the key process construction control points of the construction of deep and large permanent silos with a depth of56. 78 m and cross area of 230 m2 in quaternary system strong rich water round gravel soil layer are emphatically introduced. The construction considerations are also emphasized. Firstly,the retaining structure of shaft occlusion pile is adopted to install the advance guard against water prior to the excavation,and to ensure the smooth passage of the shaft through quaternary system strong rich water round gravel soil layer. The drilling occlusion pile's operation adopts the upper-soft lower-hard ground occlusal pile second-time drilling method. Then the team studies the construction technology of shaft,innovate measuring method and optimize the construction process to independently develop shaft lining template system and to divide the operation unit reasonably to form the working streamline. The problems encountered in operations in strong underground water-rich,low cohesion and low self-stability ground layers. At the same time,it is necessary to ensure that the shaft is successfully passed and the purpose of impermeable effect is achieved.
引文
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[2]罗晓生,窦玉东,赵斌,等.超大规模深基坑钻孔咬合桩施工工艺研究[J].施工技术,2017,46(24):58-62.
[3]张沛杰.深竖井及洞内控制测量中多种测量仪器联合定向的应用研究[J].科技创新与应用,2016(22):42-43.
[4]陈秀辉.深大基坑咬合桩支护结构数值模拟研究[J].施工技术,2017,46(13):72-76,109.
[5]郑邦友,刘晓丽,王承科,等.强风化板岩地基明挖地铁车站钻孔咬合桩围护结构渗漏治理技术[J].施工技术,2018,47(3):93-95,100.
[6]董少正,齐界夷.乌东德水电站大型竖井快速安全开挖技术研究与应用[J].施工技术,2017,46(14):100-103.