晚期注水开发实验研究
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摘要
目前晚期注水实验研究主要以注水时机评价为主,在注采方式上研究较少,且传统方法开展驱油效率实验过程中,出口端的计量存在气液分离和人为读数产生误差等问题。以国外某油田为研究对象,从晚期注水原油常规相态变化和驱油效率2个方面入手,开展注水时机和不同注采方式对晚期注水效果的影响研究;在常规相态变化研究的基础上,评价注水增压开发对原油相态的影响;在驱油效率实验方法上,利用在线核磁技术实时评价驱替过程中岩心含油饱和度,提高了结果的准确性。研究结果表明:在衰竭开发至饱和压力的34%时,水驱采收率为16.5%;综合考虑采油速度、开发成本等因素,注水时机宜在80%泡点压力附近;对于长期衰竭开发严重脱气的区块,可采取注水增压方式开发,注水增压至80%泡点压力附近水驱效果最好。
Earlier experimental study on late water flooding are mainly focused on water flooding timing and seldom on injection-production pattern. There was error for gas and liquid separation and human reading on the outlet by traditional methods of oil displacement efficiency. An oil field abroad was taken as the research object. The influence of water flooding timing and injection-production pattern on late water flooding effect was researched on conventional oil phase behavior and oil displacement efficiency during late water flooding. Based on the study of conventional phase behavior,the influence of water injection pressurization on the phase behavior was evaluated. In the experiment method of oil displacement efficiency,the on-line NMR technique was used to evaluate the oil saturation of core in the displacement process in real time and then the accuracy of the result was improved. The results show that the water flooding recovery reached to 16.5% when water flooding was performed at 34% of saturation pressure during the depletion development. Considering the production rate,development costs and other factors,water injection was superior when the bubble point pressure was around 80%. For the long-term depletion development of severe degassing blocks,the development way of water injection pressurization can be taken. The water flooding effect was the best when the bubble point pressure increased to around 80% by water injection pressurization.
Earlier experimental study on late water flooding are mainly focused on water flooding timing and seldom on injection-production pattern. There was error for gas and liquid separation and human reading on the outlet by traditional methods of oil displacement efficiency. An oil field abroad was taken as the research object. The influence of water flooding timing and injection-production pattern on late water flooding effect was researched on conventional oil phase behavior and oil displacement efficiency during late water flooding. Based on the study of conventional phase behavior,the influence of water injection pressurization on the phase behavior was evaluated. In the experiment method of oil displacement efficiency,the on-line NMR technique was used to evaluate the oil saturation of core in the displacement process in real time and then the accuracy of the result was improved. The results show that the water flooding recovery reached to 16.5% when water flooding was performed at 34% of saturation pressure during the depletion development. Considering the production rate,development costs and other factors,water injection was superior when the bubble point pressure was around 80%. For the long-term depletion development of severe degassing blocks,the development way of water injection pressurization can be taken. The water flooding effect was the best when the bubble point pressure increased to around 80% by water injection pressurization.
引文
[1]刘瑞果,王为民,苏进昌.歧口18-1油田晚期注水研究[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):116-119.LIU Ruiguo,WANG Weimin,SU Jinchang.Study on late water flooding in Qikou18-1 Field[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2009,21(1):116-119.
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[6]贾忠伟,袁敏,张鑫璐,等.水驱微观渗流特征及剩余油启动机理[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(1):65-70.JIA Zhongwei,YUAN Min,ZHANG Xinlu,et al.Waterflooding microscopic flow characteristics and the remained oil starting mechanisms[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(1):65-70.
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[8]文鑫,戴宗,王华,等.海相砂岩油藏长期水驱后储层物性变化规律[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(1):157-161.WEN Xin,DAI Zong,WANG Hua,et al.Physical properties of marine sandstone reservoir after long-term waterflooding[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(1):157-161.
[9]刘杨.溶解气驱油藏提高采收率方法实验[J].大庆石油学院学报,2008,32(2):32-35.LIU Yang.Laboratory evaluation of further enhanced oil recovery in dissolved gas flooding reservoir[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2008,32(2):32-35.
[10]王明,杜利,国殿斌,等.层间非均质大型平面模型水驱波及系数室内实验研究[J]石油实验地质,2013,35(6):698-701.WANG Ming,DU Li,GUO Dianbin,et al.Laboratory experimental research on waterflooding sweep efficiency of large-scale and two-dimensional inter-layer heterogeneous physical model[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2013,35(6):698-701.
[11]ARNOLD Marion D,HALL Phillips C,CRAWFORD Paul B.The effect of fluid properties and stage of depletion on waterflood oil recovery[J].SPE-120-PA,1962,14(10):1 165-1 168.
[12]HUGH Richard Rees,JEFF Parke.Reservoir management-preparing for field redevelopment and restart[C].SPE-166579-MS,2013.
[13]陈亚宁.室内研究原油脱气程度对驱油效率的影响[J].内江科技,2012,(1):52-53.CHENG Yaning.Influence of degassing degree of crude oil on oil displacement efficiency in laboratory[J].Nei Jiang Science&Technology,2012,(1):52-53.
[14]姜汉桥,姚军,姜瑞忠.油藏工程原理与方法[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2003:159.JIANG Hanqiao,YAO Jun,JIANG Ruizhong.Principles and methods of reservoir engineering[M].Dongying:Press of University of Petroleum,China,2003:159.
[15]李文会,刘鹏程,吴永彬,等.稠油油藏泡沫油渗流数学模型的建立[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(2):108-114.LI Wenhui,LIU Pengcheng,WU Yongbin,et al.A mathematical model for foamy-oil flow in heavy oil reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(2):108-114.
[16]MCCOY T F,REESE D E,JOHNSON P G.Depletion performance of poorly stimulated layered reservoirs without crossflow[C].SPE-59757-MS,2000.
[17]冯其红,王相,王端平,等.水驱油藏均衡驱替开发效果论证[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(3):83-88.FENG Qihong,WANG Xiang,WANG Duanping,et al.Theoretical analysis on the performance of equilibrium displacement in water flooding reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(3):83-88.
[18]郭平,徐云林,石美,等.高温高压水洗物性变化实验研究——以塔里木轮南油田T1油组为例[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(4):454-458.GUO Ping,XU Yunlin,SHI Mei,et al.Experimental study on physical properties after flooding under high temperature and high pressure condition:taking reservoir T1of Tarim Lunnan Oil Field as an example[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2012,34(4):454-458.
[19]EL-KHATIB Noaman A.Waterflooding performance in inclined communicating stratified reservoirs[C].SPE-126344-PA,2012.
[2]HASAN Syed M.Curry unit:A successful waterflood in a depleted carbonate reservoir with high gas saturation[J].SPE-4602-PA,1974,26(12):1 359-1 364.
[3]NOLAN W E,WILLIAMS R M.Flooding of semi-depleted solution gas reservoir in Fullerton field[J].SPE-1072-G,1958,10(10):17-20.
[4]LI X,YORTSOS Y C.Visualization and numerical studies of bubble growth during pressure depletion[C].SPE-22589-MS,1991.
[5]许宁,吕延防.晚期注水中的储层压敏和原油脱气影响分析[J].试采技术,2005,26(1):16-22.XU Ning,LüYanfang.Analysis of influence of reservoir pressuresensing and crude oil degas on late water flooding[J].Well Testing and Production Technology,2005,26(1):16-22.
[6]贾忠伟,袁敏,张鑫璐,等.水驱微观渗流特征及剩余油启动机理[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(1):65-70.JIA Zhongwei,YUAN Min,ZHANG Xinlu,et al.Waterflooding microscopic flow characteristics and the remained oil starting mechanisms[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(1):65-70.
[7]张旭东,陈科,何伟,等.渤海西部海域某区块油田注水过程储层伤害机理[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(4):121-126.ZHANG Xudong,CHEN Ke,HE Wei,et al.Reservoir damage mechanism during water flooding of oilfield in a block,western Bohai Sea[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(4):121-126.
[8]文鑫,戴宗,王华,等.海相砂岩油藏长期水驱后储层物性变化规律[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(1):157-161.WEN Xin,DAI Zong,WANG Hua,et al.Physical properties of marine sandstone reservoir after long-term waterflooding[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(1):157-161.
[9]刘杨.溶解气驱油藏提高采收率方法实验[J].大庆石油学院学报,2008,32(2):32-35.LIU Yang.Laboratory evaluation of further enhanced oil recovery in dissolved gas flooding reservoir[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2008,32(2):32-35.
[10]王明,杜利,国殿斌,等.层间非均质大型平面模型水驱波及系数室内实验研究[J]石油实验地质,2013,35(6):698-701.WANG Ming,DU Li,GUO Dianbin,et al.Laboratory experimental research on waterflooding sweep efficiency of large-scale and two-dimensional inter-layer heterogeneous physical model[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2013,35(6):698-701.
[11]ARNOLD Marion D,HALL Phillips C,CRAWFORD Paul B.The effect of fluid properties and stage of depletion on waterflood oil recovery[J].SPE-120-PA,1962,14(10):1 165-1 168.
[12]HUGH Richard Rees,JEFF Parke.Reservoir management-preparing for field redevelopment and restart[C].SPE-166579-MS,2013.
[13]陈亚宁.室内研究原油脱气程度对驱油效率的影响[J].内江科技,2012,(1):52-53.CHENG Yaning.Influence of degassing degree of crude oil on oil displacement efficiency in laboratory[J].Nei Jiang Science&Technology,2012,(1):52-53.
[14]姜汉桥,姚军,姜瑞忠.油藏工程原理与方法[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2003:159.JIANG Hanqiao,YAO Jun,JIANG Ruizhong.Principles and methods of reservoir engineering[M].Dongying:Press of University of Petroleum,China,2003:159.
[15]李文会,刘鹏程,吴永彬,等.稠油油藏泡沫油渗流数学模型的建立[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(2):108-114.LI Wenhui,LIU Pengcheng,WU Yongbin,et al.A mathematical model for foamy-oil flow in heavy oil reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(2):108-114.
[16]MCCOY T F,REESE D E,JOHNSON P G.Depletion performance of poorly stimulated layered reservoirs without crossflow[C].SPE-59757-MS,2000.
[17]冯其红,王相,王端平,等.水驱油藏均衡驱替开发效果论证[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(3):83-88.FENG Qihong,WANG Xiang,WANG Duanping,et al.Theoretical analysis on the performance of equilibrium displacement in water flooding reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(3):83-88.
[18]郭平,徐云林,石美,等.高温高压水洗物性变化实验研究——以塔里木轮南油田T1油组为例[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(4):454-458.GUO Ping,XU Yunlin,SHI Mei,et al.Experimental study on physical properties after flooding under high temperature and high pressure condition:taking reservoir T1of Tarim Lunnan Oil Field as an example[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2012,34(4):454-458.
[19]EL-KHATIB Noaman A.Waterflooding performance in inclined communicating stratified reservoirs[C].SPE-126344-PA,2012.