七角井矿柱回收方案及对相邻矾矿体的安全影响分析
|
摘要
针对七角井铁矿的生产实际,为了安全高效回采2 280 m中段以上矿柱,同时确保位于铁矿体上盘的钒矿体安全开采,提出间隔间柱抽采和硐室&深孔爆破法、间柱全采与间隔间柱控制爆破堆坝法回收矿柱,并对2个矿柱回收方案进行了模拟仿真。模拟结果显示:采取间隔间柱抽采和硐室与深孔爆破法回收矿柱并处理采空区能够有效控制上盘围岩过度岩移,保证了钒矿体的开采安全,但应注意回收间柱及两侧顶柱后,需立即采用硐室&深孔爆破处理采空区,然后再继续类似间隔后退回采,否则会引起矿柱和上盘失稳。间柱全采与间隔间柱控制爆破堆坝法回收矿柱无法保证上盘围岩的稳定,可能会引起上盘围岩垮塌,影响钒矿体的安全回采。应采用微差爆破技术同时爆破顶、间柱,避免发生顶板跨度过大导致冒落。
In view of the production practice in Qijiaojing Iron Mine,and in order to safely and efficiently recover the pillars above the middle of 2 280 m and ensure the safe mining of vanadium ore bodies located on the upper part of the iron ore body,both schemes of the discontinuous interval pillar extraction and the chamber & deep-hole blasting method,and the continuous interval pillar extraction and the damming method with controlled explosion of interval pillars were put forward,moreover,pillar extraction under both schemes were simulated. The simulation results showed that discontinuous pillar extraction and the chamber & deep-hole blasting method with goaf treatment can effectively controll the excessive rock movement of the surrounding rock and ensure the safe mining of the vanadium ore-body. However,it should be noted that the goaf should be immediately treated by the chamber & deep hole blasting after the recovery of the interval pillar and the roof pillars on both sides,and then the mining should be continued at similar intervals,otherwise the pillar and the upper wall will be unstable.The continuous interval pillar extraction and the damming method with controlled explosion of interval pillars cannot guarantee the stability of the surrounding rock of the upper plate,which may cause the surrounding rock to collapse and affect the safe recovery of the vanadium ore body. Differential blasting technique with explosion of roof and interval pillars should be adopted to avoid over-large span of roof which may cause the roof falling.
In view of the production practice in Qijiaojing Iron Mine,and in order to safely and efficiently recover the pillars above the middle of 2 280 m and ensure the safe mining of vanadium ore bodies located on the upper part of the iron ore body,both schemes of the discontinuous interval pillar extraction and the chamber & deep-hole blasting method,and the continuous interval pillar extraction and the damming method with controlled explosion of interval pillars were put forward,moreover,pillar extraction under both schemes were simulated. The simulation results showed that discontinuous pillar extraction and the chamber & deep-hole blasting method with goaf treatment can effectively controll the excessive rock movement of the surrounding rock and ensure the safe mining of the vanadium ore-body. However,it should be noted that the goaf should be immediately treated by the chamber & deep hole blasting after the recovery of the interval pillar and the roof pillars on both sides,and then the mining should be continued at similar intervals,otherwise the pillar and the upper wall will be unstable.The continuous interval pillar extraction and the damming method with controlled explosion of interval pillars cannot guarantee the stability of the surrounding rock of the upper plate,which may cause the surrounding rock to collapse and affect the safe recovery of the vanadium ore body. Differential blasting technique with explosion of roof and interval pillars should be adopted to avoid over-large span of roof which may cause the roof falling.
引文
[1]李俊平,张浩,张柏春,等.急倾斜矿体空场法开采的矿柱回收与卸压开采效果数值分析[J].安全与环境学报,2018,18(1):101-106.Li Junping,Zhang Hao,Zhang Baichun,et al.3-D simulation analysis for the pillar and pressure relief effects in the empty field sharp-inclining mining structure[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2018,18(1):101-106.
[2]黄浩辉.大团山矿床盘区矿柱回采技术研究[J].中国矿山工程,2017,46(3):20-23.Huang Haohui.Research of panel pillar stoping in Datuanshan deposi[tJ].China Mine Engineering,2017,46(3):20-23.
[3]叶光祥,王柳,张树标,等.复杂空区群条件下矿柱安全回收技术研究[J].金属矿山,2017(6):61-65.Ye Guangxiang,Wang Liu,Zhang Shubiao,et al.Study on the safe recovery technique of pillars of complicated multi-layer goafs[J].Metal Mine,2017(6):61-65.
[4]党建东.控制爆破堆坝回收矿柱研究及实践[J].矿业研究与开发,2015,35(8):23-26.Dang Jiandong.Study and application on pillars recovery by constructing dam with controlled blasting[J].Mining Research and Development,2015,35(8):23-26.
[5]赵奎,万林海,饶运章.基于声波测试的矿柱稳定性模糊推理系统及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报),2004,23(11):1804-1809.Zhao Kui,Wan Linhai,Rao Yunzhang.Fuzzy reasoning system of pillar stability based on sonic wave measurement and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11).1804-1809.
[6]吴爱祥,胡华,黄仁东,等.缓倾斜薄矿体连续开采的采场稳定性数值模拟[J].中南工业大学学报:自然科学版,1999,30(5):457-459.Wu Aixiang,Hu Hua,Huang Rendong,et al.The research on stability of continuous mining stope of flat thin lode by numerical simulation[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,1999,30(5):457-459.
[7]李俊平,寇坤,刘武团.七角井铁矿矿柱回收与采空区处理方案研究[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2013,34(S1):137-143Li Junping,Kou Kun,Liu Wutuan.Methods of extracting pillars and disposing abandoned-stope in Qijiaojing Iron Mine[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2013,34(S1):137-143.
[8]贺小庆.矿柱抽采与采空区综合治理技术研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(11):12-17.He Xiaoqing.Research on pillar extraction and goaf treatment[J].Mining Research and Development,2016,36(11):12-17.
[9]郭生茂,刘涛,陈小平,等.白山泉铁矿残留矿柱回收技术及空区处理[J].有色金属:矿山部分,2014,66(6):18-20.Guo Shengmao,Liu Tao,Chen Xiaoping,et al.Residual recovery technology and mined-out area processing of Baishanquan iron mine[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mining Section,2014,66(6):18-20.
[2]黄浩辉.大团山矿床盘区矿柱回采技术研究[J].中国矿山工程,2017,46(3):20-23.Huang Haohui.Research of panel pillar stoping in Datuanshan deposi[tJ].China Mine Engineering,2017,46(3):20-23.
[3]叶光祥,王柳,张树标,等.复杂空区群条件下矿柱安全回收技术研究[J].金属矿山,2017(6):61-65.Ye Guangxiang,Wang Liu,Zhang Shubiao,et al.Study on the safe recovery technique of pillars of complicated multi-layer goafs[J].Metal Mine,2017(6):61-65.
[4]党建东.控制爆破堆坝回收矿柱研究及实践[J].矿业研究与开发,2015,35(8):23-26.Dang Jiandong.Study and application on pillars recovery by constructing dam with controlled blasting[J].Mining Research and Development,2015,35(8):23-26.
[5]赵奎,万林海,饶运章.基于声波测试的矿柱稳定性模糊推理系统及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报),2004,23(11):1804-1809.Zhao Kui,Wan Linhai,Rao Yunzhang.Fuzzy reasoning system of pillar stability based on sonic wave measurement and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11).1804-1809.
[6]吴爱祥,胡华,黄仁东,等.缓倾斜薄矿体连续开采的采场稳定性数值模拟[J].中南工业大学学报:自然科学版,1999,30(5):457-459.Wu Aixiang,Hu Hua,Huang Rendong,et al.The research on stability of continuous mining stope of flat thin lode by numerical simulation[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,1999,30(5):457-459.
[7]李俊平,寇坤,刘武团.七角井铁矿矿柱回收与采空区处理方案研究[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2013,34(S1):137-143Li Junping,Kou Kun,Liu Wutuan.Methods of extracting pillars and disposing abandoned-stope in Qijiaojing Iron Mine[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2013,34(S1):137-143.
[8]贺小庆.矿柱抽采与采空区综合治理技术研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(11):12-17.He Xiaoqing.Research on pillar extraction and goaf treatment[J].Mining Research and Development,2016,36(11):12-17.
[9]郭生茂,刘涛,陈小平,等.白山泉铁矿残留矿柱回收技术及空区处理[J].有色金属:矿山部分,2014,66(6):18-20.Guo Shengmao,Liu Tao,Chen Xiaoping,et al.Residual recovery technology and mined-out area processing of Baishanquan iron mine[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mining Section,2014,66(6):18-20.