城镇化对生态环境质量影响的实证研究——以环洞庭湖区为例
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摘要
利用环洞庭湖区33个县市区2005-2015年的面板数据,在全面测算城镇化水平指数和生态环境质量指数的基础上,采用非线性面板模型和空间杜宾模型实证分析城镇化对生态环境质量的影响及其特征。研究结果表明:城镇化对生态环境质量的影响存在显著的非线性特征和空间溢出效应,在其低质量发展阶段,城镇化对地区内及邻近地区生态环境质量的影响表现为负向空间溢出;在其高质量发展阶段,城镇化对地区内及邻近地区生态环境质量的影响表现为负向空间溢出,并且对邻近地区的空间溢出效应要大于地区内部。地区技术进步对生态环境质量的影响存在"虹吸效应",在促进本地区生态环境质量改善的同时也显著抑制了邻近地区生态环境质量的改善;对外开放对生态环境质量的影响总体上表现为正向空间溢出,但这主要来自于地区间正向空间溢出效应的贡献;地区富裕程度对生态环境质量影响的空间效应不显著。
Based on the panel data of 33 counties for 2005-2015 years in Dongting Lake region and Non-linear panel model and Spatial Durbin model,this paper calculated the index of urbanization level and eco-environmental quality,then analyzed the heterogeneity of the impact of urbanization on eco-environmental quality.The results show that:(1)there are significant nonlinear characteristics and spatial spillover effects of urbanization on eco-environmental quality.In its low quality stage,the impact shows negative spatial spillover,and in its high quality stage,the impact shows negative spatial spillover.In addition,the indirect spatial spillover effect on the adjacent area is greater than the intra-regional direct spatial spillover effect;and(2)the influence of technological progress on eco-environmental quality is "siphon effect".It promotes the improvement of the intra-regional ecological environment quality but inhibits the improvement of the inter-regional ecological environment quality.The impact of opening to the outside world is generally positive spatial spillover,but this is mainly from the contribution of inter-regional positive spatial spillovers.The spatial effect from affluence is not significant.
Based on the panel data of 33 counties for 2005-2015 years in Dongting Lake region and Non-linear panel model and Spatial Durbin model,this paper calculated the index of urbanization level and eco-environmental quality,then analyzed the heterogeneity of the impact of urbanization on eco-environmental quality.The results show that:(1)there are significant nonlinear characteristics and spatial spillover effects of urbanization on eco-environmental quality.In its low quality stage,the impact shows negative spatial spillover,and in its high quality stage,the impact shows negative spatial spillover.In addition,the indirect spatial spillover effect on the adjacent area is greater than the intra-regional direct spatial spillover effect;and(2)the influence of technological progress on eco-environmental quality is "siphon effect".It promotes the improvement of the intra-regional ecological environment quality but inhibits the improvement of the inter-regional ecological environment quality.The impact of opening to the outside world is generally positive spatial spillover,but this is mainly from the contribution of inter-regional positive spatial spillovers.The spatial effect from affluence is not significant.
引文
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[3] Alberti M.The effects of urban patterns on ecosystem function[J].International Regional Science Review,2014,28(2):168-192.
[4] Mckinney M L.Urbanization as a major cause of biotic homogenization[J].Biological Conservation,2006,127(3):247-260.
[5] Wang X,Liao J,Zhang J,et al.A numeric study of regional climate change induced by urban expansion in the pearl river delta,China[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology&Climatology,2014,53(2):346-362.
[6] Pfaff A S P,Chaudhuri S,Nye H L M.Household production and environmental kuznets curves-examining the desirability and feasibility of substitution[J].Environmental&Resource Economics,2004,27(2):187-200.
[7] Poumanyvong P,Kaneko S.Does urbanization lead to less energy use and lower CO2emissions?A cross-country analysis[J].Ecological Economics,2010,70(2):434-444.
[8] Chikaraishi M,Fujiwara A,Kaneko S,et al.The moderating effects of urbanization on carbon dioxide emissions:A latent class modeling approach[J].Technological Forecasting&Social Change,2015,90:302-317.
[9]王长建,张小雷,杜宏茹,等.城市化与生态环境的动态计量分析——以新疆乌鲁木齐市为例[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(3):609-619.
[10]王少剑,方创琳,王洋.京津冀地区城市化与生态环境交互耦合关系定量测度[J].生态学报,2015,35(7):2244-2254.
[11]张引,杨庆媛,闵婕.重庆市新型城镇化质量与生态环境承载力耦合分析[J].地理学报,2016,71(5):817-828.
[12]王庆喜,钱遂,庞尧.环境约束下中国工业化与城镇化的关系演变——效率分析视角[J].地理科学,2017,37(1):92-101.
[13]刘赢时,田银华,罗迎.产业结构升级、能源效率与绿色全要素生产率[J].财经理论与实践,2018(1):118-126.
[14]陈黎明,王文平,王斌.“两横三纵”城市化地区的经济效率、环境效率和生态效率——基于混合方向性距离函数和合图法的实证分析[J].中国软科学,2015(2):96-109.
[15]刘习平,盛三化.产业集聚对城市生态环境的影响和演变规律——基于2003-2013年数据的实证研究[J].贵州财经大学学报,2016(5):90-100.
[16]谢锐,陈严,韩峰,等.新型城镇化对城市生态环境质量的影响及时空效应[J].管理评论,2018(1):230-241.
[17]刘满凤,谢晗进.我国工业化、城镇化与环境经济集聚的时空演化[J].经济地理,2015,35(10):21-28.
[18]Lesage J,Pace R K.Introduction to spatial econometrics[J].Spatial Demography,2009,1(1):143-145.