基于BOTDR技术的深埋岩溶土洞监测分析
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摘要
岩溶洞穴发育成地表塌陷影响因素复杂。为了获得岩溶土洞监测标识区域的应力特征,在太沙基松动土压力理论基础上,对岩溶土洞发育历程中松动区竖向土压力进行了分析。松动区的空间位置由洞穴特征及其上方岩土介质的物理、力学性质决定;平面应变和非平面应变条件下,松动区竖向土压力的分布特征差异明显。根据岩溶土洞上方松动区竖向土压力的分布特征,结合BOTDR技术优点,提出应用BOTDR技术监测岩溶土洞的发育,针对光纤监测系统设计中光纤布线型式进行了分析。岩溶土洞应力场变化特征的定量研究对光纤传感技术应用于岩溶土洞监测设计提供理论依据和指导。
Surface collapse of karst soil caves can be attributed to many complex factors.The aim of this work is to reveal the stress characteristics of soil caves in the marked areas being monitored.Based on the Terzaghi theory of loose earth pressure,the vertical earth pressure in the loose zone is analyzed.The results show that the location of the loose zone is decided by cave's characteristics and physical and chemical properties of overlying media.Under plane and non-plane strain conditions,the distribution characteristics of vertical earth pressure in the loose zone are obviously different.According to the distribution characteristics of vertical soil pressure in the loose zone,combined with the advantages of Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry(BOTDR),the application of BOTDR technology to monitor the development of the karst soil cave is proposed.The layout of optical fibers in the monitoring system is analyzed.The quantitative study on the stress field of the soil cave provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the application of BOTDR to monitoring karst soil caves.
Surface collapse of karst soil caves can be attributed to many complex factors.The aim of this work is to reveal the stress characteristics of soil caves in the marked areas being monitored.Based on the Terzaghi theory of loose earth pressure,the vertical earth pressure in the loose zone is analyzed.The results show that the location of the loose zone is decided by cave's characteristics and physical and chemical properties of overlying media.Under plane and non-plane strain conditions,the distribution characteristics of vertical earth pressure in the loose zone are obviously different.According to the distribution characteristics of vertical soil pressure in the loose zone,combined with the advantages of Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry(BOTDR),the application of BOTDR technology to monitor the development of the karst soil cave is proposed.The layout of optical fibers in the monitoring system is analyzed.The quantitative study on the stress field of the soil cave provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the application of BOTDR to monitoring karst soil caves.
引文
[1]林丹,游省易,唐小明.矿坑排水与岩溶地面塌陷的关系[J].中国岩溶,2016,35(2):202-210.
[2]陈洪凯,梁丹,董平.岩溶洞穴土质盖层稳定性分析方法及应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(2):546-552.
[3]常宏,章昱,李景富,等.鄂西清江岩溶与地质灾害的关系[J].中国岩溶,2014,33(3):288-293.
[4]雷明堂,李瑜,蒋小珍,等.岩塌陷灾害监测预报技术与方法初步研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2004,15(S):142-146.
[5]蒋小珍,雷明堂,戴建玲,等.岩溶(土洞)塌陷TDR监测试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(1):188-122.
[6]蒋小珍,雷明堂,陈渊,等.岩溶塌陷的光纤传感监测试验研究[J].水文地质与工程地质,2006(6):75-79.
[7]张桂香,蒋方媛,余成华,等.深圳市龙岗中心城岩溶塌陷光纤传感监测研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2009,20(4):117-121.
[8]蒙彦,管振德.应用光纤传感技术进行岩溶塌陷监测预报的关键问题探讨[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(2):187-192.
[9]王俊茹,张龙起,宋雪琳.浅层地震勘探在采空区勘测中的应用[J].物探与化探,2002,26(1):75-78.
[10]雷旭友,程凯.电磁波CT在重庆至怀化铁路岩溶塌陷病害抢险勘探中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2009,6(5):561-565.
[11]Terzaghi K.Stress distribution in dry and in saturated sandabove a yielding trap-door[C]//Proceedings of First International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.Cambridge,Massachusetts,1936:307-311.
[12]黎春林.盾构隧道施工松动土压力计算方法研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(9):1714-1720.
[13]Tien H J.A literature study of the arching effect[D].Tai wan:Taiwan University,1996.
[14]陈国亮.岩溶地面塌陷的成因与防治[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.
[15]刘永莉,尚岳全,于洋.BOTDR技术在边坡表面变形监测中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011,41(3):777-783.
[2]陈洪凯,梁丹,董平.岩溶洞穴土质盖层稳定性分析方法及应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(2):546-552.
[3]常宏,章昱,李景富,等.鄂西清江岩溶与地质灾害的关系[J].中国岩溶,2014,33(3):288-293.
[4]雷明堂,李瑜,蒋小珍,等.岩塌陷灾害监测预报技术与方法初步研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2004,15(S):142-146.
[5]蒋小珍,雷明堂,戴建玲,等.岩溶(土洞)塌陷TDR监测试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(1):188-122.
[6]蒋小珍,雷明堂,陈渊,等.岩溶塌陷的光纤传感监测试验研究[J].水文地质与工程地质,2006(6):75-79.
[7]张桂香,蒋方媛,余成华,等.深圳市龙岗中心城岩溶塌陷光纤传感监测研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2009,20(4):117-121.
[8]蒙彦,管振德.应用光纤传感技术进行岩溶塌陷监测预报的关键问题探讨[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(2):187-192.
[9]王俊茹,张龙起,宋雪琳.浅层地震勘探在采空区勘测中的应用[J].物探与化探,2002,26(1):75-78.
[10]雷旭友,程凯.电磁波CT在重庆至怀化铁路岩溶塌陷病害抢险勘探中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2009,6(5):561-565.
[11]Terzaghi K.Stress distribution in dry and in saturated sandabove a yielding trap-door[C]//Proceedings of First International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.Cambridge,Massachusetts,1936:307-311.
[12]黎春林.盾构隧道施工松动土压力计算方法研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(9):1714-1720.
[13]Tien H J.A literature study of the arching effect[D].Tai wan:Taiwan University,1996.
[14]陈国亮.岩溶地面塌陷的成因与防治[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.
[15]刘永莉,尚岳全,于洋.BOTDR技术在边坡表面变形监测中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011,41(3):777-783.