基于活动理论的场馆学习活动设计
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摘要
信息时代背景下,场馆学习是在虚实融合的场馆环境下,个体与展品、空间和社会环境交互作用的结果。与课堂学习相比,开放的场馆学习环境,能支持个体进行自主选择的学习,同时,丰富的场馆资源可有效降低学习难度,而随着新媒体和新技术的不断应用,将极大提升个体的学习体验。文章以活动理论为指导,分析了活动理论视角下的场馆学习活动系统,构建了场馆学习活动设计框架,并以中国科技馆的"飞行器奥秘"活动为例设计了应用案例,以期推动场馆学习活动的研究与实践,促进场馆学习可持续发展。
In the information era,museum learning is a result of the interaction between individuals and exhibits,and space and social environment in the museum where the actual and virtual situation are both present. Compared with classroom learning, the open museum learning environment can support individual choice learning,while abundant museum resources reduce the learning difficulty. The continuous application of new media and new technologies will greatly enhance the individual learning experience. Guided by the activity theory,the paper analyzes the system of museum learning activities under the guidance of activity theory and constructs the design framework of museum learning activities. The application case is also designed with the example of"the Mystery of Aircraft in China Science and Technology Museum"as an example to promote the museum learning activities Research and practice,and promote the sustainable development of museum learning.
In the information era,museum learning is a result of the interaction between individuals and exhibits,and space and social environment in the museum where the actual and virtual situation are both present. Compared with classroom learning, the open museum learning environment can support individual choice learning,while abundant museum resources reduce the learning difficulty. The continuous application of new media and new technologies will greatly enhance the individual learning experience. Guided by the activity theory,the paper analyzes the system of museum learning activities under the guidance of activity theory and constructs the design framework of museum learning activities. The application case is also designed with the example of"the Mystery of Aircraft in China Science and Technology Museum"as an example to promote the museum learning activities Research and practice,and promote the sustainable development of museum learning.
引文
[1] Hsieh H J. Museum Lifelong Learning of the Aging People[J]. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2010,2(2):4831-4835.
[2] Greenwood T. The Place of Museum in Education[J]. Science,1893,22(561):246-248.
[3] Morey R H. Education in Science Museums;or the Ten Parts of the Functional Exhibit[J]. Science,1944,99(2583):535-536.
[4] Feher E. Interactive Museum Exhibits as Tools for Learning:Explorations with Light[J]. International Journal of Science Education,1990,12(1):35-49.
[5] Hein G E. John Dewey and Museum Education[J]. Curator the Museum Journal,2010,47(4):413-427.
[6] Falk J,Storksdieck M. Using the Contextual Model of Learning to Understand Visitor Learning from a Science Center Exhibition[J]. Science Education,2005,89(5):744-778.
[7] Mortensen M F,Smart K. Free-choice Worksheets Increase Students’Exposure to Curriculum during Museum Visits[J].Journal of Research in Science Teaching,2007,44(9):1389-1414.
[8] Sung Y T,Chang K E,Hou H T. Designing an Electronic Guidebook for Learning Engagement in a Museum of History[J].Computers in Human Behavior,2010,26(1):74-83.
[9]李志河,师芳.非正式学习环境下的场馆学习环境设计与构建[J].远程教育杂志,2016,34(6):95-102.
[10]孟红娟,郑旭东.场馆学习中的参观者研究:进展与挑战[J].现代教育技术,2015,25(4):5-11.
[11]夏文菁,张剑平.文化传承中的场馆学习:特征、目标与模式[J].现代教育技术,2015,25(8):5-11.
[12] Falk J H. Free-choice Environmental Learning:Framing the Discussion[J]. Environmental Education Research,2005,11(3):265-280.
[13] Ramey-Gassert L,Walberg H J III,Walberg H J. Reexamining Connections:Museums as Science Learning Environments[J]. Science Education,1994,78(4):345-363.
[14] Wellington J. Formal and Informal Learning in Science:The Role of the Interactive Science Centres[J]. Physics Education,1990,25(5):247-252.
[15]张剑平,夏文菁,余燕芳.信息时代的博物馆学习及其研究论纲[J].开放教育研究,2017,23(1):102-109.
[16]张美霞.新媒体技术支持下的场馆建设与场馆学习——以现代教育技术博物馆为例[J].中国电化教育,2017(2):20-24.
[17]孙海民,刘鹏飞.以活动理论审视学习活动[J].中国电化教育,2015(8):29-35.
[18]戴维·H·乔纳森.学习环境的理论基础[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2002:91-100.
[19] Gennaro E D. The Effectiveness of Using Previsit Instructional Materials on Learning for a Museum Field Trip Experience[J]. Journal of Research in Science Teaching,1981,18(3):275-279.
[20]陈琳.高校课程立体学习资源建设研究——促进学习方式转变的视角[J].中国电化教育,2013(11):95-97.
[2] Greenwood T. The Place of Museum in Education[J]. Science,1893,22(561):246-248.
[3] Morey R H. Education in Science Museums;or the Ten Parts of the Functional Exhibit[J]. Science,1944,99(2583):535-536.
[4] Feher E. Interactive Museum Exhibits as Tools for Learning:Explorations with Light[J]. International Journal of Science Education,1990,12(1):35-49.
[5] Hein G E. John Dewey and Museum Education[J]. Curator the Museum Journal,2010,47(4):413-427.
[6] Falk J,Storksdieck M. Using the Contextual Model of Learning to Understand Visitor Learning from a Science Center Exhibition[J]. Science Education,2005,89(5):744-778.
[7] Mortensen M F,Smart K. Free-choice Worksheets Increase Students’Exposure to Curriculum during Museum Visits[J].Journal of Research in Science Teaching,2007,44(9):1389-1414.
[8] Sung Y T,Chang K E,Hou H T. Designing an Electronic Guidebook for Learning Engagement in a Museum of History[J].Computers in Human Behavior,2010,26(1):74-83.
[9]李志河,师芳.非正式学习环境下的场馆学习环境设计与构建[J].远程教育杂志,2016,34(6):95-102.
[10]孟红娟,郑旭东.场馆学习中的参观者研究:进展与挑战[J].现代教育技术,2015,25(4):5-11.
[11]夏文菁,张剑平.文化传承中的场馆学习:特征、目标与模式[J].现代教育技术,2015,25(8):5-11.
[12] Falk J H. Free-choice Environmental Learning:Framing the Discussion[J]. Environmental Education Research,2005,11(3):265-280.
[13] Ramey-Gassert L,Walberg H J III,Walberg H J. Reexamining Connections:Museums as Science Learning Environments[J]. Science Education,1994,78(4):345-363.
[14] Wellington J. Formal and Informal Learning in Science:The Role of the Interactive Science Centres[J]. Physics Education,1990,25(5):247-252.
[15]张剑平,夏文菁,余燕芳.信息时代的博物馆学习及其研究论纲[J].开放教育研究,2017,23(1):102-109.
[16]张美霞.新媒体技术支持下的场馆建设与场馆学习——以现代教育技术博物馆为例[J].中国电化教育,2017(2):20-24.
[17]孙海民,刘鹏飞.以活动理论审视学习活动[J].中国电化教育,2015(8):29-35.
[18]戴维·H·乔纳森.学习环境的理论基础[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2002:91-100.
[19] Gennaro E D. The Effectiveness of Using Previsit Instructional Materials on Learning for a Museum Field Trip Experience[J]. Journal of Research in Science Teaching,1981,18(3):275-279.
[20]陈琳.高校课程立体学习资源建设研究——促进学习方式转变的视角[J].中国电化教育,2013(11):95-97.