组配活化剂及其添加量对杉木提取Mn的影响
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摘要
通过盆栽试验种植杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.),采用柠檬酸、GLDA(谷氨酸N,N-二乙酸)、IDS(亚氨基二琥珀酸)、皂苷进行复配,并设置不同的添加量研究活化剂施用效果,同时采用EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)和无添加活化剂的土壤进行对比,以更好的对活化剂施用效果进行评价。通过分析施加活化剂杉木生物量、提取Mn量、土壤Mn含量和p H的变化,以筛选较好的活化剂及其添加量,为Mn污染土壤植物修复提供参考依据。结果表明,土壤施加活化剂可促进杉木生长,且施加组配活化剂1,随着活化剂1的用量增加,杉木地上部生物量增加;施加活化剂有利于土壤Mn向植物体内富集,且施加EDTA富集效果是最好的,富集系数达2.62,是对照处理的1.6倍;活化剂1施加量越大,杉木地上部Mn含量不一定越大,杉木茎Mn含量最大的为活化剂1施加量0.5 g/kg的处理,叶Mn含量最大的为施加量0.25 g/kg的处理,均是低施加量的处理;从环境风险、可生物降解、成本、植物提取Mn效果、土壤Mn含量降低综合考虑,采用组配活化剂1且施加量1.0 g/kg在强化植物修复Mn污染土壤上具有较好的潜力。
In order to provide theory basis for Mn contaminated soil phytoremediation, a pot experiment was conducted,with planting Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook.), using activator which combined citric acid, GLDA(L glutamic acid N, N-diacetic acid), IDS(iminodisuccinic acid), or saponins, and set different addition to research activator ap-plied effect. At the same time, EDTA(ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and no activator adding were conducted to be the con-trol, to evaluate the combined activator applied effect. The growth status and Mn extraction amount of Chinese fir were then followed, soil Mn content and p H were analyzed, to screening the better combined activator and its adding amount. Results showed that heavy metal activator applied could promote Chinese fir growth, and the above-ground biomass of Chinese fir was increased with the increasing applied dosage of compound activator 1. Applied activator could enrich the soil Mn to the plant, and the enrichment effect of applied EDTA was the best, with enrichment coefficient was 2.62, which was 1.6 times to the no activator treatment. Mn content of chinese fir above-ground was not necessarily increased with the increasing applied dosage of compound activator 1. In the five applied compound activator 1 treatments, the biggest Mn content of Chinese fir stem was the treatment which applied compound activator 1 with the addition amount was 0.5 g/kg, and the biggest Mn con-tent of chinese fir leaf was the treatment which applied compound activator 1 with the addition amount was 0.25 g/kg. Took into consideration various factors with environmental risks, biodegradation, cost, chinese fir Mn extraction amount and the de-creased soil Mn content, applied compound activator 1 with 1.0 g/kg applying quantity had better potential of strengthen phytoremediation Mn contaminated soil.
In order to provide theory basis for Mn contaminated soil phytoremediation, a pot experiment was conducted,with planting Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook.), using activator which combined citric acid, GLDA(L glutamic acid N, N-diacetic acid), IDS(iminodisuccinic acid), or saponins, and set different addition to research activator ap-plied effect. At the same time, EDTA(ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and no activator adding were conducted to be the con-trol, to evaluate the combined activator applied effect. The growth status and Mn extraction amount of Chinese fir were then followed, soil Mn content and p H were analyzed, to screening the better combined activator and its adding amount. Results showed that heavy metal activator applied could promote Chinese fir growth, and the above-ground biomass of Chinese fir was increased with the increasing applied dosage of compound activator 1. Applied activator could enrich the soil Mn to the plant, and the enrichment effect of applied EDTA was the best, with enrichment coefficient was 2.62, which was 1.6 times to the no activator treatment. Mn content of chinese fir above-ground was not necessarily increased with the increasing applied dosage of compound activator 1. In the five applied compound activator 1 treatments, the biggest Mn content of Chinese fir stem was the treatment which applied compound activator 1 with the addition amount was 0.5 g/kg, and the biggest Mn con-tent of chinese fir leaf was the treatment which applied compound activator 1 with the addition amount was 0.25 g/kg. Took into consideration various factors with environmental risks, biodegradation, cost, chinese fir Mn extraction amount and the de-creased soil Mn content, applied compound activator 1 with 1.0 g/kg applying quantity had better potential of strengthen phytoremediation Mn contaminated soil.
引文
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[15]张家伟.螯合剂和表面活性剂强化巨菌草修复铅镉复合污染土壤研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2016.Zhang Jiawei.Chelating Agent and Surfactant Reinforced Pennisetum spp.Repair of Lead and Cadmium Pollution Soil Research[D].Guangzhou:Guangdong University of Technology,2016.
[16]朱桂芬,王莉,田野,等.化学淋洗联合油葵植物修复土壤中Cd[J].河南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,44(1):100-104.Zhu Guifen,Wang Li,Tian Ye,et al.Coupled chemical leaching with oil sunflower phytoremediation cadmium in soil[J].Journal of Henan Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2016,44(1):100-104.
[17]陈贤春.EDTA+草酸对香根草富集镉的影响及其最佳移栽根长[D].长沙:湖南大学,2014.
[18]吴烈善,吕宏虹,苏翠翠,等.环境友好型淋洗剂对重金属污染土壤的修复效果[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(10):4486-4491.
[19]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[20]Luo C L,Shen Z G,Li X D,et al.Enhanced phytoextraction of Pb and other metals from artificially contaminated soils through the combined application of EDTA and EDDS[J].Chemosphere,2006,63(10):1773-1784.
[2]杜波.络合剂强化金盏菊修复Pb、Cd复合污染土壤的研究[D].西安:陕西科技大学,2016.Du Bo.Studies of Calendula officinalis L Strengthening with Chelants on Remediation Behavior in Combinative Contaminated Soil of Pb and Cd[D].Xi'an:Shanxi University of Science and Technology,2016.
[3]刘金,殷宪强,孙慧敏,等.EDDS与EDTA强化苎麻修复镉铅污染土壤[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(7):1293-1300.Liu Jin,Yin Xianqiang,Sun Huimin,et al.EDTA and EDDS enhanced remediation of Cd and Pb contaminated soil by ramie(Boehmeria nivea)[J].Journal of Agroenvironment Science,2015,34(7):1293-1300.
[4]Lingua G,Todeschini V,Grimaldi M,et al.Polyaspartate,a biodegradable chelant that improves the phytoremediation potential of poplar in a highly metal-contaminated agricultural soil[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2014,132:9-15.
[5]Lan J C,Zhang S R,Lin H C,et al.Efficiency of biodegradable EDDS,NTA and APAM on enhancing the phytoextraction of cadmium by Siegesbeckia orientalis L.grown in Cd-contaminated soils[J].Chemosphere,2013,91:1362-1367.
[6]Yang L,Luo C L,Liu Y,et al.Residual effects of EDDS leachates on plants during EDDS-assisted phytoremediation of copper contaminated soil[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013,444:263-270.
[7]廖爽.螯合剂EDDS与生长调节剂对牛膝菊(Galinsoga parviflora)富集镉的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2016.Liao Shuang.Effects of EDDS and Plant Growth Regulator on Enhancing Phytoextraction of Cd by Galinsoga parviflora[D].Chengdu:Sichuan Agricultural University,2016.
[8]袁江,李晔,许剑臣,等.可生物降解螯合剂GLDA和植物激素共同诱导植物修复重金属污染土壤研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2016,38(2):82-86,92.Yuan Jiang,Li Ye,Xu Jianchen,et al.Enhanced phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soil from contaminated soils using plant by biodegradable chelate GLDA in combination with plant hormones[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2016,38(2):82-86,92.
[9]吴青,崔延瑞,汤晓晓,等.生物可降解螯合剂谷氨酸N,N-二乙酸四钠对污泥中重金属萃取效率的研究[J].环境科学,2015,36(5):1733-1738.Wu Qing,Cui Yanrui,Tang Xiaoxiao,et al.Extraction of heavy metals from sludge using biodegradable chelating agent N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)glutamic acid tetrasodium[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(5):1733-1738.
[10]孙礼齐.IDS对重金属污染土壤淋洗修复研究[D].沈阳:沈阳大学,2016.
[11]马良,秦余丽,蔡璐瑶,等.小分子有机酸诱导野苋菜修复Pb污染土壤[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(6):3861-3865.Ma Liang,Qin Yuli,Cai Luyao,et al.Wild amaranth remediation of Pb contaminated soil on induction of small molecular organic acid[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(6):3861-3865.
[12]Maity J P,Huang Y M,Hsu C M,et al.Removal of Cu,Pb and Zn by foam fractionation and a soil washing process from contaminated industrial soils using soapberry-derived saponin:a comparative effectiveness assessment[J].Chemosphere,2013,92(10):1286-1293.
[13]卫泽斌,吴启堂,龙新宪,等.可生物降解螯合剂GLDA和磷素活化剂促进东南景天提取土壤重金属的潜力[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(7):1402-1404.Wei Zebin,Wu Qitang,Long Xinxian,et al.Efficiency of biodegradable chelate GLDA and phosphorus activators on heavy metals phytoextraction with Sedum alfredii Hance[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,2014,33(7):1402-1404.
[14]樊扬帆,刘云国,龚小敏,等.外源螯合剂CA和NTA对苎麻修复铅镉复合污染土壤的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(8):4547-4552.Fan Yangfan,Liu Yunguo,Gong Xiaomin,et al.Effect of exogenous chelates CA and NTA on remediation of Pb and Cd-contaminated soil by ramie(Boehmerianivea L.)[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(8):4547-4552.
[15]张家伟.螯合剂和表面活性剂强化巨菌草修复铅镉复合污染土壤研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2016.Zhang Jiawei.Chelating Agent and Surfactant Reinforced Pennisetum spp.Repair of Lead and Cadmium Pollution Soil Research[D].Guangzhou:Guangdong University of Technology,2016.
[16]朱桂芬,王莉,田野,等.化学淋洗联合油葵植物修复土壤中Cd[J].河南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,44(1):100-104.Zhu Guifen,Wang Li,Tian Ye,et al.Coupled chemical leaching with oil sunflower phytoremediation cadmium in soil[J].Journal of Henan Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2016,44(1):100-104.
[17]陈贤春.EDTA+草酸对香根草富集镉的影响及其最佳移栽根长[D].长沙:湖南大学,2014.
[18]吴烈善,吕宏虹,苏翠翠,等.环境友好型淋洗剂对重金属污染土壤的修复效果[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(10):4486-4491.
[19]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[20]Luo C L,Shen Z G,Li X D,et al.Enhanced phytoextraction of Pb and other metals from artificially contaminated soils through the combined application of EDTA and EDDS[J].Chemosphere,2006,63(10):1773-1784.