核电站滞留床用活性炭的性能研究和选择
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摘要
建立可模拟核电站不同气流参数条件下的活性炭吸附剂性能评价系统,对不同活性炭样品分别进行了物理性能表征测试和放射性氪与氙滞留性能实验。同时针对不同影响因素条件下活性炭滞留惰性气体性能的影响进行了研究,包括系统气流压力、温度、气流比速及辐照强度。试验结果显示系统气流压力越高、温度越低,氪动态吸附系数越大;一定范围的气流比速、辐照强度对活性炭动态吸附系数的影响可以忽略。得到的活性炭吸附剂样品具有良好的物理性能与惰性气体滞留性能,可应用于核电站废气处理系统活性炭滞留单元。
A delay bed system for evaluating the performances of various kinds of activated carbons is established,and the retaining performances for radioactive krypton and xenon with different kinds of activated carbons were conducted. The effects of parameters,including system pressure,temperature of carrier gas,gas flow rate,and radiation intensity,etc.,on retaining performances for krypton and xenon with activated carbons were carried out. It is known from experimental results that dynamic adsorption efficiency becomes bigger when pressure becomes higher and temperature becomes lower,and the affections of gas flow rate and radiation intensity are slight and neglected. The selected kinds of activated carbons all have satisfied physical properties and retaining capability for radioactive noble gas. The selected kinds of activated carbons satisfy the design requirements of radioactive gaseous treatment system and can be used in nuclear power plants.
A delay bed system for evaluating the performances of various kinds of activated carbons is established,and the retaining performances for radioactive krypton and xenon with different kinds of activated carbons were conducted. The effects of parameters,including system pressure,temperature of carrier gas,gas flow rate,and radiation intensity,etc.,on retaining performances for krypton and xenon with activated carbons were carried out. It is known from experimental results that dynamic adsorption efficiency becomes bigger when pressure becomes higher and temperature becomes lower,and the affections of gas flow rate and radiation intensity are slight and neglected. The selected kinds of activated carbons all have satisfied physical properties and retaining capability for radioactive noble gas. The selected kinds of activated carbons satisfy the design requirements of radioactive gaseous treatment system and can be used in nuclear power plants.
引文
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[7]张海涛,邓继勇,张利兴等.常温下活性炭纤维对氙的动态吸附性能研究[J].离子交换与吸附,2001,17(1):46-52.ZHANG haitao,DENG Jiyong,ZHANG lixing,et al.The Dynamic Adsorption of Xenon by Activated Carbon Fiber in Ambient Temperature[J].Ion Exchange and Adsorption,2001,17(1):46-52.
[8]陈良,饶仲群.加压贮存和活性炭吸附在核电站放射性废气处理中的应用[J].中国核电,2009,2(3):262-266.CHEN Liang,RAO Zhongqun.Application of Pressurized Gas Storage System and Activated Carbon Sorption System in Gaseous Radioactive Waste Processing for NPPs[J].China Nuclear Power,2009,2(3):262-266.
[9]谢德福.活性炭对氡动态吸附的影响因素研究[D].南华大学,2011.
[2]林诚格.非能动安全核电厂AP1000[M].北京:原子能出版社,2008.
[3]刘佩,刘昱.CPR1000放射性废气处理系统改进的可行性分析[J].辐射防护,2013,33(3):174-178.LIU Pei,LIU Yu.Feasibility of a Concept to Improve CPR1000 Gaseous Radwaste Treatment System[J].Radiation Protection,2013,33(3):174-178.
[4]史英霞,郭亮天,王瑞云,等.工程条件下椰壳活性炭吸附放射性惰性气体性能研究[J].辐射防护,2007,27(5):302-306.SHI Yingxia,GUO Liangtian,WANG Ruiyun,et al.Study of Adsorption of Radioactive Noble Gases by Activated Carbon Under Engineering Conditions[J].Radiation Protection,2007,27(5):302-306.
[5]郭亮天,史英霞,王瑞云,等.用于核电站放射性气体处理的常温活性炭滞留床研究[J].辐射防护,1994,14(1):15-24.GUO Liangtian,SHI Yingxia,WANG Ruiyun.et al.Study on The Charcoal Delay Bed for Radioactive Noble Gases[J].Radiation Protection,1994,14(1):15-24.
[6]冯淑娟,周崇阳,周国庆,等.氙在活性炭和碳分子筛上的动态吸附性能[J].核化学与放射化学,2010,32(5):274-279.FENG Shujuan,ZHOU Chongyang,ZHOU Guoqing,et al.Dynamic Adsorption Property of Xenon on Activated Carbon and Carbon Molecular Sieves[J].Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry,2010,32(5):274-279.
[7]张海涛,邓继勇,张利兴等.常温下活性炭纤维对氙的动态吸附性能研究[J].离子交换与吸附,2001,17(1):46-52.ZHANG haitao,DENG Jiyong,ZHANG lixing,et al.The Dynamic Adsorption of Xenon by Activated Carbon Fiber in Ambient Temperature[J].Ion Exchange and Adsorption,2001,17(1):46-52.
[8]陈良,饶仲群.加压贮存和活性炭吸附在核电站放射性废气处理中的应用[J].中国核电,2009,2(3):262-266.CHEN Liang,RAO Zhongqun.Application of Pressurized Gas Storage System and Activated Carbon Sorption System in Gaseous Radioactive Waste Processing for NPPs[J].China Nuclear Power,2009,2(3):262-266.
[9]谢德福.活性炭对氡动态吸附的影响因素研究[D].南华大学,2011.