单筒多细长体航行器水下齐射载荷特性仿真
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摘要
针对单筒内密集布置多枚细长体航行器的水下齐射邻筒效应问题,采用流体体积函数(VOF)和多相流等方法,结合用户自定义函数(UDF)控制两发航行器运动的动网格技术,考虑悬挂法兰、筒盖及潜艇外形等结构对筒口流场特性的影响,建立了水下垂直齐射三维非定常多相流仿真模型,得到了邻筒水密头罩、海水倒灌水锤等载荷特性,分析了双发齐射时首发航行器对次发航行器载荷特性的影响,得到如下结论:1)首发航行器发射后筒口流场较快地趋于稳定,次发航行器时邻筒水密头罩载荷稍小于首发航行器、规律相似,即单筒多细长体齐射筒口流场对齐射间隔影响较小; 2)航行器发射后发射筒内外流场较快地趋于稳定,倒灌入发射筒内的海水量相对较少,可能影响操艇性能; 3)次发航行器对首发航行器的发射筒内水锤载荷特性以及流场特性均有较大影响。文中所做研究可为水下多细长体航行器密集布置结构方案论证及齐射安全性分析提供参考。
In respect of the underwater salvo adjacent tube effect caused by dense arrangement of several slender body vehicles in single launching tube, the volume of fluid(VOF) and multiphase flow methods are used to establish a three-dimensional unsteady multiphase flow simulation model for underwater vertical salvo, in which the dynamic grid technology for user-defined function(UDF) to control the motion of two vehicles is adopted and the influence of suspended flange, tube cover and submarine shape on the flow field characteristics of the tube mouth is considered. Then,the load characteristics of adjacent tube watertight head cover and water back-flow hammer are obtained. The influence of first-launched vehicle on the load characteristics of second-launched vehicle is analyzed, and conclusions are drawn as follows: 1) After launching of the first-launched vehicle, the flow field at the tube mouth tends to stabilize quickly,and the load of watertight head cover of the adjacent tube is slightly smaller than that of the first-launched vehicle but with similar law when the second vehicle is launched. That is, the flow field at the tube mouth of single tube has little effect on the salvo interval; 2) After launching, the flow field of launcher tends to stabilize quickly both inside and outside, and the amount of seawater poured back into the launcher is relatively small, which may affect the steering performance of the submarine; 3) Second-launched vehicle has great influence on the characteristics of water hammer load and flow field of first-launched vehicle in launching tube. This research may provide a reference for dense arrangement scheme demonstration of underwater multi-slender vehicle and safety analysis of salvo.
In respect of the underwater salvo adjacent tube effect caused by dense arrangement of several slender body vehicles in single launching tube, the volume of fluid(VOF) and multiphase flow methods are used to establish a three-dimensional unsteady multiphase flow simulation model for underwater vertical salvo, in which the dynamic grid technology for user-defined function(UDF) to control the motion of two vehicles is adopted and the influence of suspended flange, tube cover and submarine shape on the flow field characteristics of the tube mouth is considered. Then,the load characteristics of adjacent tube watertight head cover and water back-flow hammer are obtained. The influence of first-launched vehicle on the load characteristics of second-launched vehicle is analyzed, and conclusions are drawn as follows: 1) After launching of the first-launched vehicle, the flow field at the tube mouth tends to stabilize quickly,and the load of watertight head cover of the adjacent tube is slightly smaller than that of the first-launched vehicle but with similar law when the second vehicle is launched. That is, the flow field at the tube mouth of single tube has little effect on the salvo interval; 2) After launching, the flow field of launcher tends to stabilize quickly both inside and outside, and the amount of seawater poured back into the launcher is relatively small, which may affect the steering performance of the submarine; 3) Second-launched vehicle has great influence on the characteristics of water hammer load and flow field of first-launched vehicle in launching tube. This research may provide a reference for dense arrangement scheme demonstration of underwater multi-slender vehicle and safety analysis of salvo.
引文
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[2]倪火才.潜载导弹水下发射技术的发展趋势分析[J].舰载武器,2001(1):8-16.
[3]刘传龙,张宇文,王亚东,等.考虑适配器弹性的潜射导弹出筒载荷特性研究[J].兵工学报,2015,36(2):379-384.Liu Chuan-long,Zhang Yu-wen,Wang Ya-dong,et al.Investigation into Load Characteristics of Submarinelaunched Missile Being Ejected from Launch Tube Considering the Adapter Elasticity[J].Acta Armamentarii,2015,36(2):379-384.
[4]王汉平,吴菊花.基于CFD的潜射导弹筒口压力场预测[J].弹道学报,2008,20(4):73-76.Wang Han-ping,Wu Ju-hua.Forecast of Pressure Field Near Launch Canister Outlet for Underwater-launched Missile Based on CFD[J].Journal of Ballistics,2008,20(4):73-76.
[5]张红军,陆宏志,裴胤,等.潜射导弹出筒过程的三维非定常数值模拟研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,2010,25(3):406-415.Zhang Hong-jun,Lu Hong-zhi,Pei-yin,et al.Numerical Investigation to Vertical Launching of Submarine Launching Missile[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2010,25(3):406-415.
[6]王汉平,吴友生.潜射导弹筒盖系统附加气室降载技术[J].弹道学报,2011,23(1):102-106.Wang Han-ping,Wu You-sheng.Add-on Gas Chamber Technique for Depressing Load over Cover System of Underwater-launched Missile[J].Journal of Ballistics,2011,23(1):102-106.
[7]张晓乐,卢丙举,胡仁海,等.水下航行体垂直发射筒口压力场L_E耦合数值模拟[J].舰船科学技术,2016,38(11):151-155.Zhang Xiao-le,Lu Bing-ju,Hu Ren-hai,et al.L/ECoupling Numerical Simulation of Pressure Field Near Launch Canister Outlet for Underwater Vehicle Vertical Launch[J].Ship Science and Technology,2016,38(11):151-155.
[8]王汉平,吴友生.潜射导弹筒盖系统附加气室降载技术[J].弹道学报,2011,23(1):102-106.Wang Han-ping,Wu You-sheng.Add-on Gas Chamber Technique for Depressing Load over Cover System of Underwater-launched Missile[J].Journal of Ballistics,2011,23(1):102-106.
[9]傅德彬,于殿君,张志勇.潜射导弹离筒后海水倒灌效应数值分析[J].固体火箭技术,2012,35(2):157-160.Fu De-bin,Yu Dian-jun,Zhang Zhi-yong.Numerical Simulation on Hydrodynamic Impact Effect after Submarine Launched Missile Leaves the Launcher[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2012,35(2):157-160.
[10]殷崇一.潜射导弹发射与出水载荷研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2004.