川西北观雾山组白云岩稀土元素特征及其对白云岩化流体性质的指示
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摘要
分析川西北地区泥盆系观雾山组白云岩形成过程的流体特征,探讨其形成机理。通过对江油县马角坝、青川县何家梁及平武县甘溪剖面观雾山组白云岩的岩石学特征研究,按照晶粒大小将其分为细-粉晶白云岩、细晶白云岩和中晶白云岩3类;根据稀土元素研究流体性质,推测白云岩成因。白云岩稀土总含量较低,3种白云岩具有相似的稀土配分模式,并且都与泥晶灰岩配分模式类似,表现出轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损;样品均呈现Ce不明显负异常(均值0.94)、Eu负异常(均值0.81)、Y明显的正异常(均值2.98)。稀土元素地球化学特征指示白云岩化流体主要是海源性流体,成岩环境为相对封闭的还原环境。
Based on the study of petrology characteristics of dolomite from three outcrops,the fluid characteristics in the formation process of dolomite in Devonian Guanwushan Formation,northwest Sichuan Basin are analyzed and its formation mechanism is investigated.Dolomite in this area can be divided into three types in terms of grain size:silty-fine grained dolomite,fine grained dolomite and medium grained dolomite.The analysis of REE shows that all the three types have low REE content expect few samples,with average of 25 ppm for silty-fine grained dolomite,18.4 ppm for fine grained dolomite and 18 ppm for medium grained dolomite.It also indicates that the dolomite possesses relatively high Y/Ho ratios(>40)and most of samples lie in the ranges of 43.5~86.9,characteristic of ocean environment.The dolomite is enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE,with negativeanomalies of Eu(average 0.94),slight negative anomalies of Ce(average 0.81),positive anomalies of Y(average 2.98)and positive anomalies of La.The poor correlation of REE+Y content with Fe and Mn contents suggests a limited effect of terrigenous clastics on the dolomite.Different types of dolomite have similar REE patterns and similar to the REE patterns of limestone.The study indicates that the dolomite is formed by fluids of marine origin in a relatively close and reducing digenetic system.
Based on the study of petrology characteristics of dolomite from three outcrops,the fluid characteristics in the formation process of dolomite in Devonian Guanwushan Formation,northwest Sichuan Basin are analyzed and its formation mechanism is investigated.Dolomite in this area can be divided into three types in terms of grain size:silty-fine grained dolomite,fine grained dolomite and medium grained dolomite.The analysis of REE shows that all the three types have low REE content expect few samples,with average of 25 ppm for silty-fine grained dolomite,18.4 ppm for fine grained dolomite and 18 ppm for medium grained dolomite.It also indicates that the dolomite possesses relatively high Y/Ho ratios(>40)and most of samples lie in the ranges of 43.5~86.9,characteristic of ocean environment.The dolomite is enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE,with negativeanomalies of Eu(average 0.94),slight negative anomalies of Ce(average 0.81),positive anomalies of Y(average 2.98)and positive anomalies of La.The poor correlation of REE+Y content with Fe and Mn contents suggests a limited effect of terrigenous clastics on the dolomite.Different types of dolomite have similar REE patterns and similar to the REE patterns of limestone.The study indicates that the dolomite is formed by fluids of marine origin in a relatively close and reducing digenetic system.
引文
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[17]黄思静,石和,毛晓冬,等.早古生代海相碳酸盐的成岩蚀变性及其对海水信息的保存性[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2003,30(1):9-18.Huang S J,Shi H,Mao X D,et al.Diagenetic alteration of earlier Palaeozoic marine carbonate and preservation for the information of sea water[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2003,30(1):9-18.(in Chinese)
[18]郑荣才,刘文均,李祥辉,等.白云岩成因在层序地层研究中的应用——以龙门山泥盆系为例[J].矿物岩石,1996,16(1):28-37.Zheng R C,Liu W J,Li X H,et al.The genetic types and their sequence stratigraphic significances of Devonian dolostones in Longmen Mountains[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,1996,16(1):28-37.(in Chinese)
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