新疆三塘湖盆地上石炭统近源凝灰岩致密油藏形成条件
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摘要
三塘湖盆地上石炭统烃源岩是火山喷发环境下形成的,烃源岩往往与厚度不等的凝灰岩交互出现,但凝灰岩致密储层的厚度和物性差异较大,源储关系较复杂,因而近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成需要特定的条件。为了认识三塘湖盆地上石炭统近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成条件,以典型致密油藏M36为例,综合运用岩心、薄片、测录井、地球化学测试等资料,对成藏要素进行解剖,建立上石炭统凝灰岩致密储层及烃源岩有效性的评价标准,并总结出近源致密油藏成藏模式。结果表明,储层孔隙度大于5%、对应渗透率大于0.07×10-3μm2的凝灰岩可以作为有效储层;烃源岩有机碳含量在4.0%以上,对应生烃潜量大于10%,且Ro大于0.8%的高炭泥岩、暗色泥岩为优质烃源岩;较好的储层、优质的烃源岩和互层型源储配置关系是近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成条件。
The source rock of the Upper Carboniferous strata in Santanghu Basin was formed in the environment of volcanic eruption, which results in alternate occurrence of source rock and tuff with unequal thickness. The tuff tight reservoirs vary both in thickness and in physical property, and the contact relationship between tuff reservoir and source rock is complicated. Therefore, the formation of the near-source tuff tight oil reservoir requires special conditions. To investigate the accumulation conditions of the Upper Carboniferous near-source tuff tight oil reservoir in Santanghu Basin, the authors analyzed M36 which serves as a typical tight oil reservoir. The evaluation standards of the Upper Carboniferous tuff tight reservoir and source rock in Santanghu Basin were established based on the analysis of core, slice, logging, as well as well geochemical testing, and the accumulation model of nearsource tuff tight oil reservoir was also established. The results indicate that, where reservoir porosity is 5%~12% and permeability is0.07~0.7×10-3μm2, the tuff reservoir can be called high-quality reservoir. The carbonaceous mudstone and dark mudstone whose organic carbon content is higher than 2.0%, and Rois higher than 0.6% are effective hydrocarbon. Good reservoir, high quality source rock and interbedded source rock-reservoir collocation constitute the formation conditions of near-source tuff tight oil reservoir.
The source rock of the Upper Carboniferous strata in Santanghu Basin was formed in the environment of volcanic eruption, which results in alternate occurrence of source rock and tuff with unequal thickness. The tuff tight reservoirs vary both in thickness and in physical property, and the contact relationship between tuff reservoir and source rock is complicated. Therefore, the formation of the near-source tuff tight oil reservoir requires special conditions. To investigate the accumulation conditions of the Upper Carboniferous near-source tuff tight oil reservoir in Santanghu Basin, the authors analyzed M36 which serves as a typical tight oil reservoir. The evaluation standards of the Upper Carboniferous tuff tight reservoir and source rock in Santanghu Basin were established based on the analysis of core, slice, logging, as well as well geochemical testing, and the accumulation model of nearsource tuff tight oil reservoir was also established. The results indicate that, where reservoir porosity is 5%~12% and permeability is0.07~0.7×10-3μm2, the tuff reservoir can be called high-quality reservoir. The carbonaceous mudstone and dark mudstone whose organic carbon content is higher than 2.0%, and Rois higher than 0.6% are effective hydrocarbon. Good reservoir, high quality source rock and interbedded source rock-reservoir collocation constitute the formation conditions of near-source tuff tight oil reservoir.
引文
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[24]王小凤,武红岭,马寅生,等.构造应力场、流体势场对柴达木盆地西部油气运聚的控制作用[J].地质通报,2006,25(Z2):1036-1044.
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[26]邱欣卫,刘池洋,李元昊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组凝灰岩夹层展布特征及其地质意义[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1138-1146.
[2]贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):343-350.
[3]邹才能,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望——以中国致密油和致密气为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):173-187.
[4]陈旋,李杰,梁浩,等.三塘湖盆地条湖组沉凝灰岩致密油藏成藏特征[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(4):386-390.
[5]马剑,黄志龙,刘再振,等.三塘湖盆地条湖组含沉积有机质凝灰岩致密储层特征[J].地学前缘,2015,22(6):185-196.
[6]刘俊田,陈旋,李永林,等.马朗凹陷条湖组致密油藏成藏特征与主控因素[J].天然气技术与经济,2014,(3):11-14.
[7]冯亚琴,陈旋,李杰,等.马朗凹陷条湖组二段非常规致密储层特征研究[J].新疆地质,2013,31(z1):142-146.
[8]宋到福,何登发,王书荣,等.三塘湖盆地石炭系烃源岩评价[J].新疆石油地质,2012,(3):305-309.
[9]周宁超.三塘湖盆地上石炭统哈尔加乌组烃源岩综合研究[D].西北大学硕士学位论文,2014.
[10]刘春艳.新疆三塘湖盆地石炭系烃源岩地球化学特征研究[D].兰州大学硕士学位论文,2009.
[11]肖序常,汤耀庆,冯益民,等.新疆北部及其邻区大地构造[M].北京:地质出版社,1992:1-47
[12]王绪龙,唐勇,陈中红,等.新疆北部石炭纪岩相古地理[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):571-579.
[13]李玮,周鼎武,柳益群,等.三塘湖盆地二叠纪构造层划分及其构造特点[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2005,35(5):617-620.
[14]李仙蓉.三塘湖盆地及周边石炭系烃源岩评价[D].西北大学硕士学位论文,2009.
[15]廖卓庭,吴国干.新疆三塘湖盆地含油气地层[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1998.
[16]柳波,贾梦成,黄志龙,等.三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系火山岩系烃源岩识别与预测[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(4):452-459.
[17]吴红烛,黄志龙,柳波,等.马朗凹陷哈尔加乌组烃源岩分布和生烃演化与石炭系成藏关系[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(1):22-31.
[18]任收麦,包书景,张毅,等.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系页岩气地质条件[J].地质通报,2016,35(2/3):204-210.
[19]郭天旭,包书景,康志宏,等.阿尔金山南缘侏罗系页岩气生烃及储集条件[J].地质通报,2016,35(2/3):221-230.
[20]李传亮,张景廉,杜志敏.油气初次运移理论新探[J].地学前缘,2007,14(4):132-142.
[21]王京红,靳久强,朱如凯,等.新疆北部石炭系火山岩风化壳有效储层特征及分布规律[J].石油学报,2011,32(5):757-766.
[22]曾联波,肖淑蓉.低渗透储集层中的泥岩裂缝储集体[J].石油实验地质,1999,21(3):266-269.
[23]李红,柳益群,刘延莉,等.三塘湖盆地条湖、马朗凹陷沉降史分析[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2004,34(6):721-725.
[24]王小凤,武红岭,马寅生,等.构造应力场、流体势场对柴达木盆地西部油气运聚的控制作用[J].地质通报,2006,25(Z2):1036-1044.
[25]李慧.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组深湖沉积与凝灰岩沉积特征研究[D].西北大学硕士学位论文,2009.
[26]邱欣卫,刘池洋,李元昊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组凝灰岩夹层展布特征及其地质意义[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1138-1146.