超声塑化工艺参数对聚合物熔体流动性能的影响
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摘要
为了测试超声塑化的聚合物熔体流动性能,采用自行研制的阿基米德螺旋模具进行超声塑化微注射成型充填实验,通过充填长度表征聚合物的流动性能。以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA,无定型)、聚丙烯(PP,半结晶型)、聚酰胺66(PA66,结晶型)这3种不同类型的聚合物为对象,采用单因素实验法分别研究超声振幅、塑化时间、塑化压力、保压时间、保压压力、模芯温度等关键工艺参数对聚合物充填长度的影响规律。研究结果表明:提高超声振幅、延长塑化时间、增大塑化压力、提高模芯温度均能显著提高聚合物的流动性能,在相同条件下,这3种聚合物的充填长度L关系为LPA66>LPP>LPMMA;当保压时间从2s提高到6s时,这3种聚合物充填长度分别提高24.3%,21.1%和24.1%;充填长度与保压压力呈线性增长关系。研究结果可为建立超声塑化的聚合物流动性测试标准提供参考。
In order to test the fluidity of polymer melt plasticized by ultrasound, the ultrasonic plasticization filling experiment with self-designed spiral mold was conducted, and the fluidity was characterized by filling length. Three types of polymer material, i.e., PMMA, PP and PA66, were used as the research objects. These experiments were made to explore the influence of factors on ultrasonic amplitude, ultrasonic time, plasticization pressure, holding time, holding pressure, mold core temperature and filling length. The results show that fluidity of polymers increases with the increase of amplitude, ultrasonic time, plasticization pressure and mold core temperature, and the length relationship of the three polymers at the same condition is LPA66>LPP>LPMMA. The holding time increases from 2 s to 6 s, and the filling length of three kinds of polymers increase by 24.3%, 21.1% and 24.1%, respectively. And there is linear relationship between the holding pressure and filling length.The results provide reference for the establishment of ultrasonic plasticization polymer fluidity test standard.
In order to test the fluidity of polymer melt plasticized by ultrasound, the ultrasonic plasticization filling experiment with self-designed spiral mold was conducted, and the fluidity was characterized by filling length. Three types of polymer material, i.e., PMMA, PP and PA66, were used as the research objects. These experiments were made to explore the influence of factors on ultrasonic amplitude, ultrasonic time, plasticization pressure, holding time, holding pressure, mold core temperature and filling length. The results show that fluidity of polymers increases with the increase of amplitude, ultrasonic time, plasticization pressure and mold core temperature, and the length relationship of the three polymers at the same condition is LPA66>LPP>LPMMA. The holding time increases from 2 s to 6 s, and the filling length of three kinds of polymers increase by 24.3%, 21.1% and 24.1%, respectively. And there is linear relationship between the holding pressure and filling length.The results provide reference for the establishment of ultrasonic plasticization polymer fluidity test standard.
引文
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[17]GB/T 17252-1998,声学-100 kHz以下超声压电换能器的特性和测量[S].GB/T 17252-1998,Acoustics-characteristics and measurements of ultrasonic piezoelectric transducers up to 100 kHz[S].
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[2]LIN Huangya,YOUNG Wenbin.Analysis of the filling capability to the microstructures in micro-injection molding[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2009,33(9):3746-3755.
[3]YU A H W,CHI H L,JUNG P G,et al.Polymer micro-replication using ultrasonic vibration energy[J].Journal of Micro/Nanolithography Mems&Moems,2009,8(2):55-62.
[4]MICHAELI W,KAMPS T,HOPMANN C.Manufacturing of polymer micro parts by ultrasonic plasticization and direct injection[J].Microsystem Technologies,2011,17(2):243-249.
[5]WU Wangqing,PENG Huajian,JIA Yunlong,et al.Characteristics and mechanisms of polymer interfacial friction heating in ultrasonic plasticization for micro injection molding[J].Microsystem Technologies,2017,23(5):1385-1392.
[6]JIANG Bingyan,PENG Huajian,WU Wangqing,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental investigation of the viscoelastic heating mechanism in ultrasonic plasticizing of amorphous polymers for micro injection molding[J].Polymers,2016,8(5):199-211.
[7]贾云龙,蒋炳炎,彭华建,等.微注射成型超声塑化中黏弹性生热效应[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(9):2976-2983.JIA Yunlong,JIANG Bingyan,PENG Huajian,et al.Viscoelastic heating effect in ultrasonic plasticization for micro injection molding[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(9):2976-2983.
[8]于同敏,包成,黄晓超.超声技术在聚合物成型加工中的应用研究进展[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2012,28(11):173-177.YU Tongmin,BAO Cheng,HUANG Xiaochao.Application evolution of ultrasonic technology in polymers processing[J].Polymer Materials Science and Engineering,2012,28(11):173-177.
[9]CHEN Jinyao,CHEN Yingzi,LI Huilin,et al.Physical and chemical effects of ultrasound vibration on polymer melt in extrusion[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2010,17(1):66-71.
[10]KIM H,LEE J W.Effect of ultrasonic wave on the degradation of polypropylene melt and morphology of its blend with polystyrene[J].Polymer,2002,43(8):2585-2589.
[11]MICHAELI W,KAMPS T,HOPMANN C.Manufacturing of polymer micro parts by ultrasonic plasticization and direct injection[J].Microsystem Technologies,2011,17(2):243-249.
[12]SACRISTáN M,PLANTáX,MORELL M,et al.Effects of ultrasonic vibration on the micro-molding processing of polylactide[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2014,21(1):376-386.
[13]张胜.聚合物超声塑化微注射成型设备塑化模块设计与研究[D].长沙:中南大学机电工程学院,2015:44-53.ZHANG Sheng.Design and research on plasticization module of ultrasonic plasticization micro-injection molding machine[D].Changsha:Central South University.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,2015:44-53.
[14]ASTM D3123-1998,Standard test method for spiral flow of low-pressure thermosetting molding compounds[S].
[15]蒋炳炎,谢磊,彭华建.一种螺旋流体流动性测试模具:中国,CN1837776A[P].[2006-09-27].JIANG Bingyan,XIE Lei,PENG Huajian.A spiral mold to test fluidity of fluid:China,CN1837776A[P].[2006-09-27].
[16]王道宏,蒋炳炎,申瑞霞,等.注射成型螺旋模具中熔体流动比[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(6):1251-1256.WANG Daohong,JIANG Bingyan,SHEN Ruixia,et al.Melt flow ratio in spiral mold of injection molding[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2008,39(6):1251-1256.
[17]GB/T 17252-1998,声学-100 kHz以下超声压电换能器的特性和测量[S].GB/T 17252-1998,Acoustics-characteristics and measurements of ultrasonic piezoelectric transducers up to 100 kHz[S].
[18]蒋炳炎,齐鹏程,刘弢,等.一种超声塑化毛细管流变仪及黏度测试方法:中国,CN106124362A[P].[2016-06-07].JIANG Bingyan,QI Pengcheng,LIU Tao,et al.Ultrasonic plasticization capillary rheometer and viscosity test method:China,CN106124362A[P].[2016-06-07].