超大城市流动老人的主观健康状况及其影响因素
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摘要
基于2015年国家卫计委流动人口动态监测调查数据,通过建立序次逻辑回归模型,分析基本属性因素、流动因素、社会支持因素、经济状况因素和客观健康因素对"北上广深"超大城市中流动老人主观健康状况的影响作用。研究发现,男性、年龄较低及非农业户籍的流动老人主观健康状况较好;流入时间较短、持有照顾晚辈及务工经商等明确决策对流动老人的主观健康认知有正效应;已婚有配偶、朋友多的流动老人主观健康状况较好;家庭经济支持充足的流动老人更易形成正向主观健康认知;锻炼时间长、经常参加体检、没有慢性病的流动老人更易形成正向的主观健康认知。整体而言,尽管"北上广深"的流动老人健康状况较好,但仍需持续关注影响主观健康的复杂经济社会因素。
Based on the data of the dynamic monitoring survey of the floating population of the National Health and Family Planning Committee in 2015, through the establishment of a sequential logistic regression model, this paper analyzes effects of basic attribute factors, migration factors, social support factors, economic status and objective health factors on the subjective health conditions of the elderly migrating population in the megacities of Beijing, Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen. The study finds that among elderly migrating people, males, people of younger age and those from the non-agricultural households are in better subjective health. Short inflow time, the explicit decision of taking care of the younger generation and working and doing business have positive impact on the subjective health perception of the elderly migrating people. The elderly migrating people married with their spouse around and those with many friends are better in subjective health condition. The elderly migrating people with adequate financial support from their families are more likely to have positive subjective health cognition. The elderly migrating people who exercise for a long time, take regular physical examinations and have no chronic diseases are more likely to have positive subjective health. On the whole, although the health condition of the elderly migrating people in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen is better, continuous attention still needs to be paid to the complex economic and social factors affecting subjective health condition.
Based on the data of the dynamic monitoring survey of the floating population of the National Health and Family Planning Committee in 2015, through the establishment of a sequential logistic regression model, this paper analyzes effects of basic attribute factors, migration factors, social support factors, economic status and objective health factors on the subjective health conditions of the elderly migrating population in the megacities of Beijing, Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen. The study finds that among elderly migrating people, males, people of younger age and those from the non-agricultural households are in better subjective health. Short inflow time, the explicit decision of taking care of the younger generation and working and doing business have positive impact on the subjective health perception of the elderly migrating people. The elderly migrating people married with their spouse around and those with many friends are better in subjective health condition. The elderly migrating people with adequate financial support from their families are more likely to have positive subjective health cognition. The elderly migrating people who exercise for a long time, take regular physical examinations and have no chronic diseases are more likely to have positive subjective health. On the whole, although the health condition of the elderly migrating people in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen is better, continuous attention still needs to be paid to the complex economic and social factors affecting subjective health condition.
引文
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[18]黄俊.经济地位、社会保障待遇与老年健康关联研究——基于中国居民收入调查数据的分析[J].社会保障研究,2017,(6):46-52.
[19]聂欢欢,潘引君,孙炜,鲍勇.上海市流动老人自评健康状况——基于2015年全国流动人口动态监测调查的数据分析[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2017,(1):98-101.
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[21]李德明,陈天勇,吴振云,李贵芸.健康老龄化的基本要素及其影响因素分析[J].中国老年学杂志,2005,(9):1004-1006.
[22]段良霞,景晓芬.西安市随迁老人社会融入的影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2018,(6):1487-1490.
[2]李升,黄造玉.超大城市流动老人的流动与生活特征分析——基于对北上广深流动家庭的调查[J].调研世界,2018,(2):3-9.
[3] Maddox G.L.,Douglass E.B.Self-assessment of health:A longitudinal study of elderly subjects[J].Journal of Health&Social Behavior.,1973,14(1):87-93.
[4] Ware J.E.Standards for validating health measures:Definition and content[J].Journal of chronic diseases,1987,40(6):473-480.
[5]谷琳,乔晓春.我国老年人健康自评影响因素分析[J].人口学刊,2006,(6):25-29.
[6]姜向群,魏蒙,张文娟.中国老年人口的健康状况及影响因素研究[J].人口学刊,2015,(2):46-56.
[7] Chen J.Internal Migration and Health:Re-examining the Healthy Migrant Phenomenon in China[J].Social Science&Medicine,2011,72(8):1294-1301.
[8]牛建林.人口流动对中国城乡居民健康差异的影响[J].中国社会科学,2013,(2):46-63.
[9]杜鹏.中国老年人口健康状况分析[J].人口与经济,2013,(6):3-9.
[10]向运华,姚虹.城乡老年人社会支持的差异以及对健康状况和生活满意度的影响[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016,(6):85-92.
[11]郑志丹,郑研辉.社会支持对老年人身体健康和生活满意度的影响——基于代际经济支持内生性视角的再检验[J].人口与经济,2017,(4):63-76.
[12]张翼.中国老年人口的家庭居住、健康与照料安排——第六次人口普查数据分析[J].江苏社会科学,2013,(1):57-65.
[13] Contoyannis P.,Jones A.M.Socio-economic status,health and lifestyle[J].Journal of Health Economics,2004,23(5):965-995.
[14] Jones A.M.,Wildman J.Health,income and relative deprivation:Evidence from the BHPS[J].Journal of Health Economics,2008,27(2):308-324.
[15](美)哈罗德R.克博.社会分层与不平等[M].蒋超等译.上海:上海人民出版社,2012.43-45.
[16] Miguel E.,Kremer M.Worms:Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities[J].Econometrica,2004,72(1):159-217.
[17]刘昌平,汪连杰.社会经济地位对老年人健康状况的影响研究[J].中国人口科学,2017,(5):40-50.
[18]黄俊.经济地位、社会保障待遇与老年健康关联研究——基于中国居民收入调查数据的分析[J].社会保障研究,2017,(6):46-52.
[19]聂欢欢,潘引君,孙炜,鲍勇.上海市流动老人自评健康状况——基于2015年全国流动人口动态监测调查的数据分析[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2017,(1):98-101.
[20]阎志强.广东老年人口的健康状况特点——基于2015年1%人口抽样调查的分析[J].南方人口,2017,(6):42-53.
[21]李德明,陈天勇,吴振云,李贵芸.健康老龄化的基本要素及其影响因素分析[J].中国老年学杂志,2005,(9):1004-1006.
[22]段良霞,景晓芬.西安市随迁老人社会融入的影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2018,(6):1487-1490.