利用排水区间计算城市暴雨积水
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摘要
提出了给定淹没水量条件下基于流域排水区间分布的城市暴雨积水过程计算模型。该模型针对城市暴雨积水过程的形成机理和特点提出了两个基本假设,以各积水淹没源的空间分布特征规律为依据将城市流域划分为若干个排水区间,并将排水区间作为积水淹没计算的基本单元。为了保证计算的效率,根据流域地形起伏分布状况,该模型将各个排水区间内的空间区域范围简化为一个规则几何体,并结合体积法和多种漫流计算思想模拟暴雨积水在各排水区间内部和淹没源点之间的漫延过程。实验结果表明,该模型高效、可行,对流域资料要求较低,在信息不完备条件下的城市暴雨积水模拟中具有一定的应用价值。
Rainstorm waterlogging is one of the main consequences of the urban storm flood disaster.Based on the distribution of drainage areas and given rainfall volume,we proposed an urban rainstorm waterlogging calculation model.Two hypotheses for the mechanism and characteristics of urban waterlogging were introduced.According to the spatial feature of waterlogging sources,the urban watershed was divided into several drainage areas that serve as the calculation cells of the calculation model.In order to ensure the efficiency,the internal space of each drainage area was simplified to a regular geometric figure based on the terrain factors,so that the waterlogging of each source and the water spreading between different sources can be simulated using the bulk algorithm and different spreading calculation methods.The illustrative case shows that the calculation model is effective and feasible,which has some application value in waterlogging modeling under the condition of incomplete information.
Rainstorm waterlogging is one of the main consequences of the urban storm flood disaster.Based on the distribution of drainage areas and given rainfall volume,we proposed an urban rainstorm waterlogging calculation model.Two hypotheses for the mechanism and characteristics of urban waterlogging were introduced.According to the spatial feature of waterlogging sources,the urban watershed was divided into several drainage areas that serve as the calculation cells of the calculation model.In order to ensure the efficiency,the internal space of each drainage area was simplified to a regular geometric figure based on the terrain factors,so that the waterlogging of each source and the water spreading between different sources can be simulated using the bulk algorithm and different spreading calculation methods.The illustrative case shows that the calculation model is effective and feasible,which has some application value in waterlogging modeling under the condition of incomplete information.
引文
[1]Zhang Wei,Li Simin,Shi Zhennan.Formation Causes and Coping Strategies of Urban Rainstorm Waterlogging in China[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2012,21(5):180-184(张炜,李思敏,时真男.我国城市暴雨内涝的成因及其应对策略[J].自然灾害学报,2012,21(5):180-184)
[2]Yang Ge,Wu Sheng.Analysis and Study on Urban Rainstorm Seeper Simulation[J].Journal of Geomatics,2009,34(1):35-37(杨戈,吴升.城市暴雨积水模拟方法分析及研究[J].测绘信息与工程,2009,34(1):35-37)
[3]Xia Junqiang,Falconer R A,Lin Binliang,et al.Numerical Assessment of Flood Hazard Risk to People and Vehicles in Flash Floods[J].Environmental Modelling and Software,2011,26(8):987-998
[4]Qiu Shaowei,Dong Zengchuan,Li Na,et al.Application of Storm Flood Simulation Model on Flood Prevention&Risk Analysis in Shanghai Urban Area[J].Water Power,2008,34(5):11-14(邱绍伟,董增川,李娜,等.暴雨洪水仿真模型在上海防汛风险分析中的应用[J].水利发电,2008,34(5):11-14)
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[6]Liu Xiaosheng,Huang Yusheng.Analog Calculation of Submerged Area with Bulk Method[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2004(12):47-49(刘小生,黄玉生.“体积法”洪水淹没范围模拟计算[J].测绘通报,2004(12):47-49)
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[8]Chen J,Hill A A,Urbano L D.A GIS-Based Model for Urban Flood Inundation[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,373(1/2):184-192
[9]Su hai,Wang Cheng.A“Ring”Method for Flood Submergence Based on DEM[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2009,2009,34(8):948-951(孙海,王乘.利用DEM的“环形”洪水淹没算法研究[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2009,34(8):948-951)
[10]Fang Xing,Su Dehui.An Integrated One-dimensional and Two-dimensional Urban Stormwater Flood Simulation Model[J].Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2006,42(3):713-724
[11]Ding Zhixiong,Li Jiren,Li lin.Method for Flood Submergence Analysis Based on GIS Grid Model[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004(6):56-67(丁志雄,李纪人,李琳.基于GIS格网模型的洪水淹没分析方法[J].水利学报,2004(6):56-67)
[12]Cong Xiangyu,Ni Guangheng,Hui Shibo,et al.Simulation of Storm Waterlogging Value of Urban Interchange Bridges[J].Flood Control&Drainage,2006,20(2):52-55(丛翔宇,倪广恒,惠士博,等.城市立交桥暴雨积水数值模拟[J].城市道桥与防洪,2006,20(2):52-55)
[13]Li Zhifeng,Wu Lixin,Zhang Zhenxin,et al.CDTIN Based Urban Inundation Simulation Method and Its Experiment[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(9):1 080-1 085(李志锋,吴立新,杨振鑫,等.利用CD-TIN的城区暴雨内涝淹没模拟方法及其实验[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2014,39(9):1 080-1 085)
[14]Li Daming,Zhang Hongping,Li Bingfei,et al.Basic Theory and Mathematical Modeling of Urban Rainstorm Water Logging[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2004,16(1):17-27
[15]O'Callaghan J,Mark D.The Extraction of Drainage Networks from Digital Elevation Data[J].Computer Vision,Graphics and Image Processing,1984,28(3):323-344
[2]Yang Ge,Wu Sheng.Analysis and Study on Urban Rainstorm Seeper Simulation[J].Journal of Geomatics,2009,34(1):35-37(杨戈,吴升.城市暴雨积水模拟方法分析及研究[J].测绘信息与工程,2009,34(1):35-37)
[3]Xia Junqiang,Falconer R A,Lin Binliang,et al.Numerical Assessment of Flood Hazard Risk to People and Vehicles in Flash Floods[J].Environmental Modelling and Software,2011,26(8):987-998
[4]Qiu Shaowei,Dong Zengchuan,Li Na,et al.Application of Storm Flood Simulation Model on Flood Prevention&Risk Analysis in Shanghai Urban Area[J].Water Power,2008,34(5):11-14(邱绍伟,董增川,李娜,等.暴雨洪水仿真模型在上海防汛风险分析中的应用[J].水利发电,2008,34(5):11-14)
[5]Liu Renyi,Liu Nan.A GIS Based Model for Calculating of Flood Area[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2001,56(1):1-6(刘仁义,刘南.基于GIS的复杂地形洪水淹没区计算方法[J].地理学报,2001,56(1):1-6)
[6]Liu Xiaosheng,Huang Yusheng.Analog Calculation of Submerged Area with Bulk Method[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2004(12):47-49(刘小生,黄玉生.“体积法”洪水淹没范围模拟计算[J].测绘通报,2004(12):47-49)
[7]Zhao Xiuying,Wang Yaoqiang,Li Hongyu,et al.Design and Implementation of Seed Spread Algorithm for Calculations of Source Flood Submerge Area Based on DEM[J].Science&Technology Review,2012,30(8):61-64(赵秀英,王耀强,李洪玉,等.基于DEM的有源淹没算法设计与实现:以种子漫延法为例[J].科技导报,2012,30(8):61-64)
[8]Chen J,Hill A A,Urbano L D.A GIS-Based Model for Urban Flood Inundation[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,373(1/2):184-192
[9]Su hai,Wang Cheng.A“Ring”Method for Flood Submergence Based on DEM[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2009,2009,34(8):948-951(孙海,王乘.利用DEM的“环形”洪水淹没算法研究[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2009,34(8):948-951)
[10]Fang Xing,Su Dehui.An Integrated One-dimensional and Two-dimensional Urban Stormwater Flood Simulation Model[J].Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2006,42(3):713-724
[11]Ding Zhixiong,Li Jiren,Li lin.Method for Flood Submergence Analysis Based on GIS Grid Model[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004(6):56-67(丁志雄,李纪人,李琳.基于GIS格网模型的洪水淹没分析方法[J].水利学报,2004(6):56-67)
[12]Cong Xiangyu,Ni Guangheng,Hui Shibo,et al.Simulation of Storm Waterlogging Value of Urban Interchange Bridges[J].Flood Control&Drainage,2006,20(2):52-55(丛翔宇,倪广恒,惠士博,等.城市立交桥暴雨积水数值模拟[J].城市道桥与防洪,2006,20(2):52-55)
[13]Li Zhifeng,Wu Lixin,Zhang Zhenxin,et al.CDTIN Based Urban Inundation Simulation Method and Its Experiment[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(9):1 080-1 085(李志锋,吴立新,杨振鑫,等.利用CD-TIN的城区暴雨内涝淹没模拟方法及其实验[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2014,39(9):1 080-1 085)
[14]Li Daming,Zhang Hongping,Li Bingfei,et al.Basic Theory and Mathematical Modeling of Urban Rainstorm Water Logging[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2004,16(1):17-27
[15]O'Callaghan J,Mark D.The Extraction of Drainage Networks from Digital Elevation Data[J].Computer Vision,Graphics and Image Processing,1984,28(3):323-344