黑河下游河道蒸发渗漏损失率影响因素研究
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摘要
根据黑河水量统一调度的需要,利用统计学方法定量研究了黑河水资源实施统一调度后影响下游河道蒸发渗漏损失率的因素,分析了河道蒸发渗漏损失率与上断面下泄水量、调水历时之间的关系。结果表明:河道蒸发渗漏损失率与上断面来水量、调水历时有密切相关关系,只考虑单一因素,上断面来水量越大河道蒸发渗漏损失率越小,调水历时越长河道蒸发渗漏损失率越小;综合考虑河道蒸发渗漏损失率与上断面来水量、调水历时之间的关系,根据建立的经验公式,上断面来水量越大、调水历时越短河道区间蒸发渗漏损失率越小,上断面来水量越小、调水历时越长蒸发渗漏损失率越大。
According to the need of unified regulation of Heihe River's water quantity, this paper quantitatively studied the factors affecting the loss rate of evaporation and seepage in the lower reaches of Heihe River after unified regulation by using statistical methods. The relationship between the loss rate of evaporation and seepage in the river course and the discharge amount under the upper section and the time of water diversion(closing time) was also analyzed. The results show that the loss rate of evaporation and seepage in the river course is closely related to the discharge amount under the upper section and the time of water diversion. The larger the discharge amount under the upper section, the smaller the loss rate of evaporation and seepage. The longer the time of water diversion, the smaller the loss rate of evaporation and seepage. According to the established empirical formula, when the discharge amount under the upper section is larger and the time of water diversion is shorter, the loss rate of evaporation and seepage is smaller; otherwise, it will be larger.
According to the need of unified regulation of Heihe River's water quantity, this paper quantitatively studied the factors affecting the loss rate of evaporation and seepage in the lower reaches of Heihe River after unified regulation by using statistical methods. The relationship between the loss rate of evaporation and seepage in the river course and the discharge amount under the upper section and the time of water diversion(closing time) was also analyzed. The results show that the loss rate of evaporation and seepage in the river course is closely related to the discharge amount under the upper section and the time of water diversion. The larger the discharge amount under the upper section, the smaller the loss rate of evaporation and seepage. The longer the time of water diversion, the smaller the loss rate of evaporation and seepage. According to the established empirical formula, when the discharge amount under the upper section is larger and the time of water diversion is shorter, the loss rate of evaporation and seepage is smaller; otherwise, it will be larger.
引文
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[2] 席海洋,冯起,司建华,等.黑河下游额济纳三角洲河道渗漏对地下水补给研究综述[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(5):1241-1247.
[3] 王琮璞,谢大勇,姜嘉礼.河道渗漏补给量的计算与分析[J].东北水利水电,2003,21(1):6-7.
[4] SHENTSIS I,ROSENTHAL E.Recharge of Aquifers by Flood Events in an Arid Region[J].Hydrological Processes,2010,17(4):695-712.
[5] 张应华,仵彦卿,乔茂云.黑河下游河床渗漏试验研究[J].干旱区研究,2003,20(4):257-260.
[6] 柳小龙.黑河中游水量调度方案编制[J].农业科技与信息,2012(20):44-46.
[7] 胡兴林,肖洪浪,蓝永超,等.黑河中上游段河道渗漏量计算方法的试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(2):460-468.
[8] 李云玲,裴源生,秦大庸.黑河下游河道渗漏规律研究[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(2):195-199.
[9] 毛丽丽,于静洁,张一驰,等.黑河下游河道渗漏面积的估算及其精度初步研究[J].南水北调与水利科技,2011,9(5):27-30.
[10] 席海洋,冯起,程玉菲,等.额济纳绿洲土壤入渗特征与土壤状况的关系研究[J].冰川冻土,2008,30(6):976-982.