改性生物砂滤池对污染物的去除效果及微生物特性
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摘要
针对石英砂滤料表面去除污染物有限、生物覆膜量不足等问题,以基于复合改性石英砂的生物砂滤池为研究对象,分析了不同生物砂滤池(普通石英砂、表面重构石英砂及表面重构亲水改性石英砂)的除污效果及微生物特性。结果表明,普通生物砂滤池对COD的平均去除率为54. 9%,表面重构、表面重构亲水改性生物砂滤池对COD的平均去除率分别为74. 9%、79. 5%;普通生物砂滤池对氨氮的去除率为74. 7%,表面重构、表面重构亲水改性生物砂滤池对氨氮的平均去除率分别为78. 2%、86. 3%。3种石英砂滤料表面生物量的分布相似,均为沿程递减,其中亲水和阳离子改性生物砂滤池的滤料表面生物量最大,普通生物砂滤池的滤料表面生物量最小。滤池中层滤料表面微生物活性最高,且附着在亲水改性石英砂表面的微生物活性相对最高。
To solve the problem of limited pollutant removal of quartz sand filter media and insufficient amount of biofilm,a variety of modified biological sand filters were analyzed,which included ordinary sands, surface reconstituted sands, and surface reconstituted hydrophilic modified sands.Pollutants removal efficiency and microbial characteristics were analyzed. It was found that the average removal rate of COD was 54. 9% for the ordinary biological sand filter,and those for the surface reconstituted and hydrophilic modified sand filters were 74. 9% and 79. 5%,respectively. The removal rate of NH_3-N in the ordinary biological sand filter was 74. 7%,and those for the surface reconstituted and hydrophilic modified sand filters were 78. 2% and 86. 3%,respectively. The distribution of surface biomass of quartz sand filter media was similar,and all of them decreased along the process. The largest biomass was identified on the surface of filter media of hydrophilic modified sand filters,and the lowest was identified on the filter media of ordinary sand filters. Microbial activity test results showed the microbial activity on the surface of the filter in the middle range was the highest. The microbial activity on the surface of the hydrophilic modified sand was the highest.
To solve the problem of limited pollutant removal of quartz sand filter media and insufficient amount of biofilm,a variety of modified biological sand filters were analyzed,which included ordinary sands, surface reconstituted sands, and surface reconstituted hydrophilic modified sands.Pollutants removal efficiency and microbial characteristics were analyzed. It was found that the average removal rate of COD was 54. 9% for the ordinary biological sand filter,and those for the surface reconstituted and hydrophilic modified sand filters were 74. 9% and 79. 5%,respectively. The removal rate of NH_3-N in the ordinary biological sand filter was 74. 7%,and those for the surface reconstituted and hydrophilic modified sand filters were 78. 2% and 86. 3%,respectively. The distribution of surface biomass of quartz sand filter media was similar,and all of them decreased along the process. The largest biomass was identified on the surface of filter media of hydrophilic modified sand filters,and the lowest was identified on the filter media of ordinary sand filters. Microbial activity test results showed the microbial activity on the surface of the filter in the middle range was the highest. The microbial activity on the surface of the hydrophilic modified sand was the highest.
引文
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[3]徐宇峰,王龙,郭劲松,等.CTMAB/SDS改性沸石对水中痕量邻苯二甲酸酯吸附机制[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(10):3913-3920.Xu Yufeng,Wang Long,Guo Jinsong,et al.Mechanism of removal of trace phthalate esters with CTMAB/SDSzeolite[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(10):3913-3920(in Chinese).
[4]Li D,Lin J,Wang Y,et al.Optimum backwashing conditions and ammonium-nitrogen treatment efficiency of iron oxide modified sands coated in biofilm[J].Water Sci Technol,2016,16(2):418-427.
[5]Terada A,Yamamoto T,Igarashi R,et al.Feasibility of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor to achieve controllable nitrification[J].Biochem Eng J,2006,28(2):123-130.
[6]褚淑祎,肖继波,张立钦,等.竹纤维生物膜载体接触氧化法处理混合废水试验[J].林业科学,2012,48(12):83-88.Chu Shuyi,Xiao Jibo,Zhang Liqin,et al.Treatment of mixed wastewater with bamboo fiber biofilm carrier contact oxidation reactor[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2012,48(12):83-88(in Chinese).
[7]曹宏斌,李玉平,陈艳丽,等.生物膜接触氧化法处理苯胺废水[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(1):33-37.Cao Hongbin,Li Yuping,Chen Yanli,et al.Treatment of aniline by contact biological oxidation on the biofilm[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2004,24(1):33-37(in Chinese).
[8]赖颖真,陈江.钛表面微沟槽形貌对人牙龈成纤维细胞接触诱导效应的比较研究[J].中华口腔医学杂志,2015,50(1):33-37.Lai Yingzhen,Chen Jiang.Comparative study on contact guidance activity of human gingival fibroblasts on microgroove surfaces[J].Chinese Journal of Stomatology,2015,50(1):33-37(in Chinese).
[9]Francisco O,Ernesto H.Wastewater treatment with a double-layer submerged biological aerated filter,using waste materials as biofilm support[J].J Environ Manage,2002,65(1):79-84.
[10]苏俊峰,马放,王弘宇,等.利用PCR-DGGE技术分析生物陶粒硝化反应器中微生物群落动态[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(3):386-390.Su Junfeng,Ma Fang,Wang Hongyu,et al.Analysis of microbial community dynamics in bioceramic nitrification reactor by PCR-DGGE[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2007,27(3):386-390(in Chinese).
[11]邢德峰,任南琪,宋佳秀,等.不同16S r DNA靶序列对DGGE分析活性污泥群落的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(7):1424-1428.Xing Defeng,Ren Nanqi,Song Jiaxiu,et al.Community of activated sludge based on different targeted sequence of 16S r DNA by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(7):1424-1428(in Chinese).
[12]王荣昌,程霞,曾旭.污水处理中菌藻共生系统去除污染物机理及其应用进展[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(1):13-22.Wang Rongchang,Cheng Xia,Zeng Xu.Mechanisms and applications of bacterial-algal symbiotic systems for pollutant removal from wastewater[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2018,38(1):13-22(in Chinese).