2010-2017年重庆市吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析
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摘要
目的了解重庆市吸毒人群艾滋病病毒(HIV)、梅毒和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的流行现状和行为学特征变化趋势,为制定艾滋病防控措施提供科学依据。方法按照《全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案操作手册》要求,以横断面调查的方法对吸毒人群进行监测,并采集血液开展HIV、梅毒、HCV检测。结果 8年共监测吸毒人员13 666人,男性居多,年龄25～49岁组占77.5%。艾滋病相关知识知晓率为89.1%,曾注射吸毒的比例从2010年的62.0%下降到2017年的50.7%,共用针具比例从2010年的46.0%下降到2017年的37.5%,最近1个月注射吸毒比例从2010年的49.3%下降到2017年的23.3%,最近1年发生商业性行为比例从2010年的34.0%下降到2017年的25.7%,最近1年发生商业性行为时每次使用安全套的比例从2010年的22.2%上升到2017年的61.2%;HIV、梅毒、HCV阳性检出率分别为6.1%、4.4%、53.1%。结论重庆市吸毒人群HIV、梅毒和HCV感染率仍较高,艾滋病流行的诸多危险因素普遍存在,应继续加强对吸毒人群的健康教育和综合干预。
Objective The aim of this study was to understand epidemiological trends and changes in behavioral characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV), syphilis and hepatitis C virus(HCV) among drug users, and to provide references for AIDS prevention and control. Methods In accordance with the "National Operation Manual for AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Implementation Plan", drug users were analyzed with cross-sectional survey, and their blood was collected for HIV, syphilis and HCV tests. Results A total of 13, 666 drug users were monitored in the past 8 years, most of them were male, aging from25 to 49, accounted for 77.5% of the total. HIV/AIDS related knowledge awareness was 89.1%. The ratio of once injecting drug abuser was decreased from 62.0% in 2010 to 50.7% in 2017. The ratio of once needle sharing was decreased from46.0% in 2010 to 37.5% in 2017. The injecting drug abuser in recent month was decreased from 49.3% in 2010 to 23.3% in2017. The commercial sexual behavior ratio in recent year was decreased from 34.0% in 2010 to 25.7% in 2017. The proportion of commercial sexual behavior with condom was increased from 22.2% in 2010 to 61.2% in 2017. The detection rate of HIV, syphilis and HCV were respectively 6.1%, 4.4% and 53.1%. Conclusion The infection rates of HIV, syphilis and HCV were still high. Risk factors of HIV/AIDS epidemic were prevailing. Health education and comprehensive intervention measures should be strengthened.
Objective The aim of this study was to understand epidemiological trends and changes in behavioral characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV), syphilis and hepatitis C virus(HCV) among drug users, and to provide references for AIDS prevention and control. Methods In accordance with the "National Operation Manual for AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Implementation Plan", drug users were analyzed with cross-sectional survey, and their blood was collected for HIV, syphilis and HCV tests. Results A total of 13, 666 drug users were monitored in the past 8 years, most of them were male, aging from25 to 49, accounted for 77.5% of the total. HIV/AIDS related knowledge awareness was 89.1%. The ratio of once injecting drug abuser was decreased from 62.0% in 2010 to 50.7% in 2017. The ratio of once needle sharing was decreased from46.0% in 2010 to 37.5% in 2017. The injecting drug abuser in recent month was decreased from 49.3% in 2010 to 23.3% in2017. The commercial sexual behavior ratio in recent year was decreased from 34.0% in 2010 to 25.7% in 2017. The proportion of commercial sexual behavior with condom was increased from 22.2% in 2010 to 61.2% in 2017. The detection rate of HIV, syphilis and HCV were respectively 6.1%, 4.4% and 53.1%. Conclusion The infection rates of HIV, syphilis and HCV were still high. Risk factors of HIV/AIDS epidemic were prevailing. Health education and comprehensive intervention measures should be strengthened.
引文
[1]王东丽,王金塔,蒋微.常州市吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].江苏预防医学,2013,24(4):41-42.
[2]徐青松,蔡莉英,周晓华,等.苏州市2011—2015年吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].江苏预防医学,2016,27(4):447-448.
[3]葛琳,崔岩,王璐,等.2012年全国艾滋病哨点吸毒人群血清学和性行为特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(2):121-123.
[4]王海,王亚西,和慧敏,等.铜仁市2011-2015年吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].遵义医学院学报,20l6,39(6):631-634.
[5]翟雯雯,杨淑娟,余刚,等.2009-2015年四川省凉山州吸毒人群HIV感染及影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(18):3265-3269.
[6]梁海珠,刘仲昌,刘文锦,等.台山市2009~2011年吸毒人群哨点监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2013,40(20):3870-3871,3874.
[7]曹富鹏,马健强,谭覃,等.2010年-2014年顺德区艾滋病哨点吸毒人群血清学及行为学特征统计分析[J].基层医学论坛,2015,19(30):4269-4271.
[8]郭巍,曲书泉,丁正伟,等.中国1995-2009年吸毒者艾滋病毒感染和梅毒流行趋势分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2010,31(6):666-669.
[9]周丹,周金玲,王莉,等.辽宁省2010-2013年吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(12):1543-1545.
[10]王卓,陈洪瑶,王顺东,等.2009-2013年四川省达州市吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(11):1036-1039.
[11]黄钢桥,袁秀琴,陈曦.新型毒品滥用与艾滋病的传播[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(5):638-640,封3.
[2]徐青松,蔡莉英,周晓华,等.苏州市2011—2015年吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].江苏预防医学,2016,27(4):447-448.
[3]葛琳,崔岩,王璐,等.2012年全国艾滋病哨点吸毒人群血清学和性行为特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(2):121-123.
[4]王海,王亚西,和慧敏,等.铜仁市2011-2015年吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].遵义医学院学报,20l6,39(6):631-634.
[5]翟雯雯,杨淑娟,余刚,等.2009-2015年四川省凉山州吸毒人群HIV感染及影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(18):3265-3269.
[6]梁海珠,刘仲昌,刘文锦,等.台山市2009~2011年吸毒人群哨点监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2013,40(20):3870-3871,3874.
[7]曹富鹏,马健强,谭覃,等.2010年-2014年顺德区艾滋病哨点吸毒人群血清学及行为学特征统计分析[J].基层医学论坛,2015,19(30):4269-4271.
[8]郭巍,曲书泉,丁正伟,等.中国1995-2009年吸毒者艾滋病毒感染和梅毒流行趋势分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2010,31(6):666-669.
[9]周丹,周金玲,王莉,等.辽宁省2010-2013年吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(12):1543-1545.
[10]王卓,陈洪瑶,王顺东,等.2009-2013年四川省达州市吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(11):1036-1039.
[11]黄钢桥,袁秀琴,陈曦.新型毒品滥用与艾滋病的传播[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(5):638-640,封3.