基于STAR-CCM+的潜艇尾流场及水动力数值分析
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摘要
[目的]为了更好地开展潜艇的概念设计、优化水动力布局及改善螺旋桨进流质量,[方法]基于STAR-CCM+仿真软件,针对主艇体、附体(指挥室围壳、尾操纵面)的不同位置处的壁面压力和摩擦力以及尾部桨盘面处的伴流场,对SUBOFF AFF-8潜艇模型水动力特性进行数值模拟,将无量纲化处理后的计算结果(压力系数、摩擦力系数)与实验数据进行对比。结合SST k-ω湍流模型,对比RANS,URANS和DES方法求解的结果,并利用艇体附近涡量图和尾部速度等值线分析计算结果产生差异的原因。[结果]结果表明,采用RANS方法可以同时较好地解决艇体水动力和尾流场的问题,且性价比较高;采用DES方法分析流场网格尺度控制很重要。[结论]采用RANS方法并结合SST k-ω湍流模型可较好地指导潜艇的概念设计、水动力布局优化,为改善螺旋桨进流质量、降低辐射噪声等提供一种手段。
[Objectives] To facilitate the concept design and optimize the hydrodynamic layout of submarine and improve the inflow quality of propeller,[Methods]numerical simulations of wake flow and hydrodynamics of the SUBOFF AFF-8 submarine model are carried out based on STAR-CCM+. Through calculating the surface pressure and friction of main hull,appendage(e.g. sail and tail control plane)at different heights together with wakes of propeller disc,coefficients(i.e. pressure coefficient,friction coefficient)in non-dimensional form and wake flow that derived from the numerical values are compared with experimental measured data. In addition,combining with the SST k-ω turbulence model,comparisons are made based on the calculated results by RANS,URANS and DES methods,and vorticity contours closed to the main hull and wake flow contours are applied to analyze the causes of discrepancies.[Results]The results demonstrate the utility of RANS method in addressing the problem of hydrodynamics andthewakesofthemainhull.AsforanalysisofthewakesusingDESmethod,gridsizecontrolisveryimportant.[Conclusions] RANS method combined with the SST k-ω turbulence model can provide guidance to assist in developing the concept design and the optimization of hydrodynamic layout for a submarine,meanwhile,offer a means of improving the propeller inflow quality,and reducing the radiation noise,etc.
[Objectives] To facilitate the concept design and optimize the hydrodynamic layout of submarine and improve the inflow quality of propeller,[Methods]numerical simulations of wake flow and hydrodynamics of the SUBOFF AFF-8 submarine model are carried out based on STAR-CCM+. Through calculating the surface pressure and friction of main hull,appendage(e.g. sail and tail control plane)at different heights together with wakes of propeller disc,coefficients(i.e. pressure coefficient,friction coefficient)in non-dimensional form and wake flow that derived from the numerical values are compared with experimental measured data. In addition,combining with the SST k-ω turbulence model,comparisons are made based on the calculated results by RANS,URANS and DES methods,and vorticity contours closed to the main hull and wake flow contours are applied to analyze the causes of discrepancies.[Results]The results demonstrate the utility of RANS method in addressing the problem of hydrodynamics andthewakesofthemainhull.AsforanalysisofthewakesusingDESmethod,gridsizecontrolisveryimportant.[Conclusions] RANS method combined with the SST k-ω turbulence model can provide guidance to assist in developing the concept design and the optimization of hydrodynamic layout for a submarine,meanwhile,offer a means of improving the propeller inflow quality,and reducing the radiation noise,etc.
引文
[1]LIU H L,HUANG T T.Summary of DARPA SUBOFFexperimental program data[R].Dahlgren:Naval Sur.face Warfare Center,1998.
[2]GOWING S.Pressure and shear stress measurement uncertainty for DARPA SUBOFF experiment:DTRC/SHD-1298-06[R].[S.l.:s.n.],1990.
[3]李艳,姚震球.带附体潜艇尾流场的数值模拟与验证[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,20(2):7-12.LI Y,YAO Z Q.Numerical simulation and validation of wake field of submarine with stern appendage[J].Jour.nal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2006,20(2):7-12(in Chi.nese).
[4]QIU L Y,SHI Z K,HOU G X,et al.Validation of nu.merical simulation of the flow over submarine geome.tries with full appendages[J].Journal of Ship Mechan.ics,2007,11(3):341-350.
[5]王志博,姚惠之,张楠.指挥台围壳对潜艇尾流影响的计算研究[J].船舶力学,2009,13(2):196-202.WANG Z B,YAO H Z,ZHANG N.Calculation and analysis of the effects of sail form on submarine wake[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2009,13(2):196-202(in Chinese).
[6]柏铁朝,梁中刚,周轶美,等.潜艇操纵性水动力数值计算中湍流模式的比较与运用[J].中国舰船研究,2010,5(2):22-28.BAI T C,LIANG Z G,ZHOU Y M,et al.Comparison and application of turbulence modes in submarine ma.neuvering hydrodynamic forces computation[J].Chi.nese Journal of Ship Research,2010,5(2):22-28(in Chinese).
[7]张旭,唐科范.水下航行体流场拓扑分析和流动声源辨识[J].水动力学研究与进展,2015,30(5):495-505.ZHANG X,TANG K F.Topological analysis of flow-field and identification of hydro-acoustic sources around an underwater vehicle[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2015,30(5):495-505(in Chinese).
[8]周广礼,董文才,欧勇鹏.潜艇应急上浮六自由度运动及黏性流场数值模拟[J].国防科技大学学报,2017,39(2):199-206.ZHOU G L,DONG W C,OU Y P.Numerical simula.tion of six degree of freedom motion and viscous flow for submarine's emergency ascent[J].Journal of Na.tional University of Defense Technology,2017,39(2):199-206(in Chinese).
[9]叶金铭,张凯奇,于安斌.基于STAR-CCM+的全附体潜艇尾流场数值分析[J].海军工程大学学报,2017,29(4):53-58.YE J M,ZHANG K Q,YU A B.Numerical analysis of wake field for a submarine with full appendages based on STAR-CCM+[J].Journal of Naval University of En.gineering,2017,29(4):53-58(in Chinese).
[10]GROVES N C,HUANG T T,CHANG M S.Geometric characteristics of DARPA SUBOFF models(DTRCmodel numbers 5470 and 5471):DTRC/SHD1298-01[R].[S.l.:s.n.],1989.
[11]HUANG T,LIU H L,GROVES N,et al.Measure.ments of flows over an axisymmetric body with various appendages in a wind tunnel:the DARPA SUBOFFexperimental program[C]//Proceedings of the 19th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics.Seoul,Korea:[s.n.],1992.
[12]STERN F,WILSON R,COLEMAN H W,et al.Com.prehensive approach to verification and validation of CFD simulation-Part 1:methodology and procedures[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,2001,123(4):793-802.
[13]BULL P.The validation of CFD predictions of nomi.nal wake for the SUBOFF fully appended geometry[C]//Proceedings of 21st Symposium on Naval Hydro.dynamics.Trondheim,Norway:Defence Research Agency,1996.
[2]GOWING S.Pressure and shear stress measurement uncertainty for DARPA SUBOFF experiment:DTRC/SHD-1298-06[R].[S.l.:s.n.],1990.
[3]李艳,姚震球.带附体潜艇尾流场的数值模拟与验证[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,20(2):7-12.LI Y,YAO Z Q.Numerical simulation and validation of wake field of submarine with stern appendage[J].Jour.nal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2006,20(2):7-12(in Chi.nese).
[4]QIU L Y,SHI Z K,HOU G X,et al.Validation of nu.merical simulation of the flow over submarine geome.tries with full appendages[J].Journal of Ship Mechan.ics,2007,11(3):341-350.
[5]王志博,姚惠之,张楠.指挥台围壳对潜艇尾流影响的计算研究[J].船舶力学,2009,13(2):196-202.WANG Z B,YAO H Z,ZHANG N.Calculation and analysis of the effects of sail form on submarine wake[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2009,13(2):196-202(in Chinese).
[6]柏铁朝,梁中刚,周轶美,等.潜艇操纵性水动力数值计算中湍流模式的比较与运用[J].中国舰船研究,2010,5(2):22-28.BAI T C,LIANG Z G,ZHOU Y M,et al.Comparison and application of turbulence modes in submarine ma.neuvering hydrodynamic forces computation[J].Chi.nese Journal of Ship Research,2010,5(2):22-28(in Chinese).
[7]张旭,唐科范.水下航行体流场拓扑分析和流动声源辨识[J].水动力学研究与进展,2015,30(5):495-505.ZHANG X,TANG K F.Topological analysis of flow-field and identification of hydro-acoustic sources around an underwater vehicle[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2015,30(5):495-505(in Chinese).
[8]周广礼,董文才,欧勇鹏.潜艇应急上浮六自由度运动及黏性流场数值模拟[J].国防科技大学学报,2017,39(2):199-206.ZHOU G L,DONG W C,OU Y P.Numerical simula.tion of six degree of freedom motion and viscous flow for submarine's emergency ascent[J].Journal of Na.tional University of Defense Technology,2017,39(2):199-206(in Chinese).
[9]叶金铭,张凯奇,于安斌.基于STAR-CCM+的全附体潜艇尾流场数值分析[J].海军工程大学学报,2017,29(4):53-58.YE J M,ZHANG K Q,YU A B.Numerical analysis of wake field for a submarine with full appendages based on STAR-CCM+[J].Journal of Naval University of En.gineering,2017,29(4):53-58(in Chinese).
[10]GROVES N C,HUANG T T,CHANG M S.Geometric characteristics of DARPA SUBOFF models(DTRCmodel numbers 5470 and 5471):DTRC/SHD1298-01[R].[S.l.:s.n.],1989.
[11]HUANG T,LIU H L,GROVES N,et al.Measure.ments of flows over an axisymmetric body with various appendages in a wind tunnel:the DARPA SUBOFFexperimental program[C]//Proceedings of the 19th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics.Seoul,Korea:[s.n.],1992.
[12]STERN F,WILSON R,COLEMAN H W,et al.Com.prehensive approach to verification and validation of CFD simulation-Part 1:methodology and procedures[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,2001,123(4):793-802.
[13]BULL P.The validation of CFD predictions of nomi.nal wake for the SUBOFF fully appended geometry[C]//Proceedings of 21st Symposium on Naval Hydro.dynamics.Trondheim,Norway:Defence Research Agency,1996.