基于ALOHA的有毒有害气体泄漏对主控室可居留性影响研究
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摘要
以国内某核电项目为依托,根据美国核安全管理导则RegulatoryGuide1.78-Evaluatingthe Habitability of a Nuclear Power Plant Control Room During a Postulated Hazardous Chemical Release(RG1.78)评估原则,梳理并筛选核电厂中符合要求的化学品,利用ALOHA软件计算发生泄漏后进入主控室的有毒有害气体浓度,评估泄漏后对主控室可居留性影响。从模拟结果看,由于核电厂核岛厂房为封闭设计,主控室通风口位于核岛厂房内部,当发生有毒有害气体泄漏时,主控室通风口处的有毒气体浓度低于毒性限值,不会对主控室可居留性造成重大影响。
Based on a nuclear power plant in China and the assess principle of the Regulatory Guide 1.78-Evaluating the Habitability of a Nuclear Power Plant Control Room during a Postulated Hazardous Chemical Release, the U.S. nuclear safety guide, we collected and screened the chemicals used in this project, and use ALOHA to calculate the concentration of toxic and hazardous gases entering the main control room when a leak occurs. Finally, the impact of the leakage on the habitability of the main control room is evaluated. The simulation results show that, since the nuclear island is enclosed and the air vents of the main control room is inside of the nuclear island, when a toxic and hazardous gases leak occurs, the concentration of toxic and hazardous gases near the air vents is lower than the limits, and will not have a significant impact on the habitability of the main control room.
Based on a nuclear power plant in China and the assess principle of the Regulatory Guide 1.78-Evaluating the Habitability of a Nuclear Power Plant Control Room during a Postulated Hazardous Chemical Release, the U.S. nuclear safety guide, we collected and screened the chemicals used in this project, and use ALOHA to calculate the concentration of toxic and hazardous gases entering the main control room when a leak occurs. Finally, the impact of the leakage on the habitability of the main control room is evaluated. The simulation results show that, since the nuclear island is enclosed and the air vents of the main control room is inside of the nuclear island, when a toxic and hazardous gases leak occurs, the concentration of toxic and hazardous gases near the air vents is lower than the limits, and will not have a significant impact on the habitability of the main control room.
引文
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[2]郑广慧,赵新艳.核电厂主控室可居留系统的优化[J].中国核电,2013,6(04):291-295.
[3]方晟,李红,方栋.ARCON96在核电站主控室可居留性评价中的应用及其与组合尾流模式的对比[J].辐射防护,2012,32(05):259-264.
[4]杨东,唐邵华,王建华.核电厂事故条件下主控室可居留性剂量评价方法[J].核动力工程,2012,33(02):123-126.
[5]赵海,刘晓爽.CPR1000主控室可居留性设计改进[J].企业科技与发展,2010,(18)1:74-76.
[6]汪卫卫,谭承军.核电厂周围外部人为事件调查内容及方法探讨[J].环境影响评,2017,39(04):82-84.
[7]马庆春,张博.基于ALOHA的城市燃气管道泄漏火灾爆炸影响区域的数值模拟[J].安全与环境工程,2016,23(02):75-79.
[8]闫洁洁,向晓东,霍艳霞.典型液氯泄漏危害的ALOHA软件估算[J].化工环保,2015,35(01):69-73.
[9]孔大令.基于ALOHA软件快速模拟液氨泄漏警戒范围[J].消防科学与技术,2011,30(01):68-70.
[10]Thoman DC,O’Kula KR,LAUL J C,et al.Comparison of ALOHA and EPI code for safety analysis applications[J].Journal of Chemical Health and Safety,2006,13(6):20-33.
[11]EPA,NOAA.ALOHA user manual[M/OL].[2007-05-08]http://www.epa.gov/OEM/cameo/aloha.htm.
[12]夏秋,钱瑜,刘萌斐.基于环境风险评价的危险品道路运输优化选线--以张家港市为例[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(1):266-272.