基于流体力学泄漏模型的螺杆泵泄漏机理分析
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摘要
针对螺杆泵筒壁间隙、啮合间隙等决定螺杆泵性能的关键间隙设计问题,在研究螺杆各项间隙构成原理的基础上,运用流体力学间隙泄漏理论,建立泵腔间隙泄漏压差流和剪切流模型,分别分析螺杆泵筒壁间隙和啮合间隙的泄漏量,得到螺杆泵不同间隙泄漏的表达式。以主动螺杆2头、从动螺杆3头的双螺杆泵为例,通过理论计算与试验对比分析了螺杆转速、压差对泵泄露的作用机理,揭示了螺杆转速、泵进出口压差对螺杆泵流量特性及容积效率特性的影响规律,从而完善了螺杆泵转子设计理论,提升了螺杆泵输送性能。
Clearance leakage is the main cause of pump leakage.Aiming at the design and control of the key clearance,which determines the performance of screw pump such as clearance of barrel wall and meshing area,the model of differential pressure flow and shear flow of clearance leakage in pump cavity is established.The mathematical expressions of leakage from different clearance are obtained by analyzing the clearance leakage of barrel wall and meshing area.The influence of the rotation speed and pressure difference between inlet and outlet on flow characteristics and volumetric efficiency characteristics of screw pump is revealed by theoretical calculation and experimental analysis of twin screw pump.Based on these results,the rotor design theory of the screw pump as well as the performance of the screw pump can be improved.
Clearance leakage is the main cause of pump leakage.Aiming at the design and control of the key clearance,which determines the performance of screw pump such as clearance of barrel wall and meshing area,the model of differential pressure flow and shear flow of clearance leakage in pump cavity is established.The mathematical expressions of leakage from different clearance are obtained by analyzing the clearance leakage of barrel wall and meshing area.The influence of the rotation speed and pressure difference between inlet and outlet on flow characteristics and volumetric efficiency characteristics of screw pump is revealed by theoretical calculation and experimental analysis of twin screw pump.Based on these results,the rotor design theory of the screw pump as well as the performance of the screw pump can be improved.
引文
1 Nakashima Celso Y,Jr Silvio de Oliveira,Caetano E F.Heat transfer in a twin-screw multiphase pump:thermal modeling and one application in the petroleum industry[J].Energy,2006,31(15):3415-3425.
2 李福天.螺杆泵[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010.
3 张波,魏益民,Wolfgang Sietze,等.双螺杆挤压机螺杆元件类型对扭矩和压力的影响[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(9):71 -74.Zhang Bo,Wei Yimin,Wolfgang Sietze,et al.Influence of twin-screw extruder screw element type on the torque and pressures during extrusion[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(9):71-74.(in Chinese)
4 Pennacchi P,Sexto L F.Design improvement of screw pump power sources for hydraulic elevators to reduce noise emissions[J].Noise Control Engineering Journal,2007,55(2):164-171.
5 潘中永,潘希伟,李晓俊,等.离心泵泄漏流转子动力学特性分析[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(11):67-71.Pan Zhongyong,Pan Xiwei,Li Xiaojun,et al.Rotordynamic analysis of leakage flow in centrifugal pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(11):67-71.(in Chinese)
6 Wu Yuren,Fong Zhanghua.Improved rotor profiling based on the arbitrary sealing line for twin-screw compressors[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2008,43(6):695-711.
7 王可,赵文珍,唐宗军,等.异性螺杆无瞬心包络铣削技术研究[J].中国机械工程,2001,12(3):294-296.
8 叶晓琰,石海峡,胡敬宁,等.外环流转子泵转子与泵体间间隙的优化选择[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(4):81-84.Ye Xiaoyan,Shi Haixia,Hu Jingning,et al.Optimization selection of gap between rotor and pump body of external circulation rotor pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(4):81-84.(in Chinese)
9 Dzhanakhmedov A Kh.Investigations of the destructive effect of two-phase liquid on screw pump lip seals[J].Journal of Friction and Wear,2008,29(4):310-313.
10 李晓俊,袁寿其,潘中永,等.基于结构化网格的离心泵全流场数值模拟[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(7):49-54.Li Xiaojun,Yuan Shouqi,Pan Zhongyong,et al.Numerical simulation of whole flow field for centrifugal pump with structured grid[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(7):49-54.(in Chinese)
11 Hsieh Chiufan,Hwang Yiiwen,Fong Zhanghua.Study on the tooth profile for the screw claw-type pump[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2008,43(7):812-828.
12 熊伟,冯全科.双螺杆压缩机齿间间隙分布的计算[J].西安交通大学学报,2004,38(7):682-685.Xiong Wei,Feng Quanke.Calculation to inter-lobe clearance distribution of twin-screw compressor[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiao Tong University,2004,38(7):682-685.(in Chinese)
13 屈文涛,胥掌世,张弘,等.潜油双螺杆泵泄露模型的理论研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(6):76-78.Qu Wentao,Xu Zhangshi,Zhang Hong,et al.Theoretical study on leakage model of submersible twin-screw pump[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(6):76-78.(in Chinese)
14 Ryazantsev V M,Plyasov V V.Determining the forces on the screw in two-and three-bearing two-screw pumps[J].Russian Engineering Research,2010,30(9):877-885.
15 刘在伦,王东伟,梁森.离心泵叶轮平衡孔液体泄漏量特性试验[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(7):84-88.Liu Zailun,Wang Dongwei,Liang Sen.Fluid leakage characteristic test on balance aperture of centrifugal pump impeller[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(7):84-88.(in Chinese)
16 黎耀军,沈金峰,刘竹青,等.轴流泵轮缘间隙非定常流动的大涡模拟[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(增刊):113-118.Li Yaojun,Shen Jinfeng,Liu Zhuqing,et al.Large eddy simulation of unsteady flow in tip region of axial-flow pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(Supp.):113-118.(in Chinese)
17 Fong Zhanghua,Huang F C.Evaluating the interlobe clearance and determining the sizes and shapes of all the leakage paths for twin-screw vacuum pump[J].Proc.IMechE,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2006,220(4):499-506.
18 Fong Zhanghua,Huang F C,Fang H S.Evaluating the inter-lobe clearance of the twin-screw compressor by the ISO-clearance contour diagram(ICCD)[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2001,36(6):725-742.
19 Faydor L Litvin,Alfonso Fuentes.Gear geometry and applied theory[M].London:Cambridge University Press,2004.
20 Xu Jian,Feng Quanke,Wu Weifeng.Geometrical design and investigation of a new profile of the three screw pump[J].ASME Journal of Mechanical Design,2011,133(9):0945011-5.
2 李福天.螺杆泵[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010.
3 张波,魏益民,Wolfgang Sietze,等.双螺杆挤压机螺杆元件类型对扭矩和压力的影响[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(9):71 -74.Zhang Bo,Wei Yimin,Wolfgang Sietze,et al.Influence of twin-screw extruder screw element type on the torque and pressures during extrusion[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(9):71-74.(in Chinese)
4 Pennacchi P,Sexto L F.Design improvement of screw pump power sources for hydraulic elevators to reduce noise emissions[J].Noise Control Engineering Journal,2007,55(2):164-171.
5 潘中永,潘希伟,李晓俊,等.离心泵泄漏流转子动力学特性分析[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(11):67-71.Pan Zhongyong,Pan Xiwei,Li Xiaojun,et al.Rotordynamic analysis of leakage flow in centrifugal pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(11):67-71.(in Chinese)
6 Wu Yuren,Fong Zhanghua.Improved rotor profiling based on the arbitrary sealing line for twin-screw compressors[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2008,43(6):695-711.
7 王可,赵文珍,唐宗军,等.异性螺杆无瞬心包络铣削技术研究[J].中国机械工程,2001,12(3):294-296.
8 叶晓琰,石海峡,胡敬宁,等.外环流转子泵转子与泵体间间隙的优化选择[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(4):81-84.Ye Xiaoyan,Shi Haixia,Hu Jingning,et al.Optimization selection of gap between rotor and pump body of external circulation rotor pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(4):81-84.(in Chinese)
9 Dzhanakhmedov A Kh.Investigations of the destructive effect of two-phase liquid on screw pump lip seals[J].Journal of Friction and Wear,2008,29(4):310-313.
10 李晓俊,袁寿其,潘中永,等.基于结构化网格的离心泵全流场数值模拟[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(7):49-54.Li Xiaojun,Yuan Shouqi,Pan Zhongyong,et al.Numerical simulation of whole flow field for centrifugal pump with structured grid[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(7):49-54.(in Chinese)
11 Hsieh Chiufan,Hwang Yiiwen,Fong Zhanghua.Study on the tooth profile for the screw claw-type pump[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2008,43(7):812-828.
12 熊伟,冯全科.双螺杆压缩机齿间间隙分布的计算[J].西安交通大学学报,2004,38(7):682-685.Xiong Wei,Feng Quanke.Calculation to inter-lobe clearance distribution of twin-screw compressor[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiao Tong University,2004,38(7):682-685.(in Chinese)
13 屈文涛,胥掌世,张弘,等.潜油双螺杆泵泄露模型的理论研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(6):76-78.Qu Wentao,Xu Zhangshi,Zhang Hong,et al.Theoretical study on leakage model of submersible twin-screw pump[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(6):76-78.(in Chinese)
14 Ryazantsev V M,Plyasov V V.Determining the forces on the screw in two-and three-bearing two-screw pumps[J].Russian Engineering Research,2010,30(9):877-885.
15 刘在伦,王东伟,梁森.离心泵叶轮平衡孔液体泄漏量特性试验[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(7):84-88.Liu Zailun,Wang Dongwei,Liang Sen.Fluid leakage characteristic test on balance aperture of centrifugal pump impeller[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(7):84-88.(in Chinese)
16 黎耀军,沈金峰,刘竹青,等.轴流泵轮缘间隙非定常流动的大涡模拟[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(增刊):113-118.Li Yaojun,Shen Jinfeng,Liu Zhuqing,et al.Large eddy simulation of unsteady flow in tip region of axial-flow pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(Supp.):113-118.(in Chinese)
17 Fong Zhanghua,Huang F C.Evaluating the interlobe clearance and determining the sizes and shapes of all the leakage paths for twin-screw vacuum pump[J].Proc.IMechE,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2006,220(4):499-506.
18 Fong Zhanghua,Huang F C,Fang H S.Evaluating the inter-lobe clearance of the twin-screw compressor by the ISO-clearance contour diagram(ICCD)[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2001,36(6):725-742.
19 Faydor L Litvin,Alfonso Fuentes.Gear geometry and applied theory[M].London:Cambridge University Press,2004.
20 Xu Jian,Feng Quanke,Wu Weifeng.Geometrical design and investigation of a new profile of the three screw pump[J].ASME Journal of Mechanical Design,2011,133(9):0945011-5.